MITOCHONDRIA

MARK DAVE R. VILLAMOR

Science Teacher
 MEMBRANE – BOUND NON – MEMBRANCE BOUND
1. 1.
2. 2.
3. 3.
4. 4.
5. 5.
6. 6.
7. 7.
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9. 9.
 MEMBRANE – BOUND NON – MEMBRANCE BOUND
1. NUCLEUS 1. RIBOSOMES
2. SMOOTH ER 2. CENTRIOLES
3. ROUGH ER 3. CYTOSKELETON
4. GOLGI APPARATUS 4.
5. VACUOLES & VESICLES 5.
6. MITOCHONDRIA 6.
7. CHLOROPLAST(PLASTIDS) 7.
8. LYSOSOMES 8.
9. PEROXISOMES 9.
 Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)
• energy-carrying molecule found in the cells of all
living things.
• ATP captures chemical energy obtained from the
breakdown of food molecules and releases it to
fuel other cellular processes.
 Consumption of ATP
• Joining transfers RNAs to amino acids for
assembly into proteins.
• Synthesis of fats, polysaccharides, and nucleoside
triphosphates for assembly of DNA and RNA.
• Active transport of molecules and ions.
• Conduction of nerve impulse
• Maintenance of cell volume by osmosis.
 Consumption of ATP
• Addition of phosphate to different proteins
• Muscle contraction
• Beating of cilia and flagella
• bioluminescence
 Functions of ATP outside the cells:
• From damaged cells to elicit inflammation and
pain.
• From carotid body to signal a shortage of oxygen
in the blood.
• From taste receptor cells to trigger action
potentials in the sensory nerves leading back to
brain.
• From the stretched wall of urinary bladder to signal
when the bladder needs emptying.
 MITOCHONDRIA
• Mitochondrion
• Sites of cellular respiration
• Oval shaped organelles found most in eukaryotic
cells.
• Serve to transform molecules such as glucose into
energy known as ATP.
• Liver and muscle cells
 Two Membranes of the Mitochondria:
• Outer membrane
- Is selectively permeable membrane that surrounds
the mitochondria.
- site of attachment for the respiratory assembly of
the Electron Transport Chain (ETC) and ATP
synthase.
 Two Membranes of the Mitochondria:
• Inner membrane
- Folds inward (cristae) to increase surfaces for
cellular respiration.
- Contains ribosomes and DNA of the mitochondria
TWO MEMBRANES OF INNER MEMBRANE:
- Intermembrane space between the outer and inner
membrane.
- Matrix enclosed within the inner membrane.
 TWO MEMBRANES OF
MITOCHONDRIA
• OUTER MEMBRANE
- Fully surrounds the inner membrane
- Many protein- based pores that are big enough to
allow the passage of ions and molecules
• INNER MEMBRANE
- Loaded with proteins involved in ETC and ATP
synthase.
- Surrounds the matrix, where citric acid cycle and
oxidative phosphorylation happens.