SCALAR AND VECTOR QUANTITIES

SCALAR VECTOR
• magnitude • magnitude
only and direction

• ex: mass, • ex: force,

density, displacement
temperature, , velocity,
time acceleration
 REPRESENTING VECTORS
 

A or
 
symbol used to symbol used to
represent represent the
vector magnitude of a
vector
The direction where
the arrow is pointed
represents the
The length of the direction of the vector.
arrow represents the
magnitude of the
REPRESENTING VECTORS

       

   

parallel antiparallel
vectors
VECTOR ADDITION
 
Suppose an object undergoes a displacement
followed by a second displacement .

 
 
The resulting displacement is
  the same as if the object
started at the same initial
 
point and has undergone a
 
displacement .
VECTOR ADDITION
 
Suppose an object undergoes a displacement
followed by a second displacement .

Tail-to-Tip Parallelogra
Method  m Method 

     

 
VECTOR SUBTRACTION
 
When we subtract two vectors, , we define it to
be the vector sum of and . Thus,

   
 

(a)  
(b)
   

Sum of antiparallel vectors (a) in comparison to

MULTIPLICATION OF A VECTOR
WITH A SCALAR
 
When a vector is multiplied to a scalar c, the
result c has a magnitude ,

   

   
VECTOR ADDITION
Sample
Problem
A cross-country skier
skis north 1.00 km
north and then 2.00
km east on a
horizontal snow field.
How far and in what
direction is he from
COMPONENTS OF VECTORS
COMPONENTS OF VECTORS
COMPONENTS OF VECTORS
Sample  
(a) What are the x-
Problem and y-components
of vector ? The
magnitude of vector
is D = 3.00 m and
the angle α = 450.
(b) What are the x-
and y-components
of vector ? The
magnitude of vector
VECTOR ADDITION USING
COMPONENT METHOD
Sample
Problem
Three players on a reality TV show are brought to
the center of a large, flat field. Each is given a
meter stick, a compass, a calculator, a shovel, and
the following three displacements:
72.4 m, 32.00 east of north
57.3 m, 36.00 south of west
17.8 m, straight south
The three displacements lead to the point where
the keys to a new Porsche are buried. Two players
VECTOR ADDITION USING
COMPONENT METHOD
Sample
Problem
 
Three horizontal
ropes pull on a large
stone truck in the
ground, producing
the vector forces ,
and shown in the
figure. Find the
vector sum of the
forces.
UNIT VECTORS
A unit vector is a vector with a magnitude of
1, with no units. Its only purpose is to POINT, to
describe a direction in space.
 

 + 
UNIT VECTOR ADDITION
 
When two vectors and are represented in
terms of their component, we can express the
vector sum using unit vectors as:
UNIT VECTOR ADDITION
Sample
  Problem
Find the sum of two vectors and given by

) and )
UNIT VECTOR ADDITION
Sample
  Problem
A particle undergoes three consecutive
displacements: ) km; ) km; and ) km. Find the
resultant displacement.
VECTOR PRODUCT: Scalar or Dot
Product
 
The scalar product is denoted by . In equation,
it is expressed as
VECTOR PRODUCT: Scalar or Dot
Product
 
For unit vectors,

Thus,
VECTOR PRODUCT: Scalar or Dot
Product
Sample
 Problem
Find the scalar product of
the two vectors in the
figure whose magnitudes
are A = 4.00 and B =
5.00.
VECTOR PRODUCT: Scalar or Dot
Product
Sample
  Problem
(a) Calculate the product of the two vectors
and (b) determine the angle between them

) and )
VECTOR PRODUCT: Scalar or Dot
Product
Sample
  Problem
Find the dot product of the following vectors:

) and )
VECTOR PRODUCT: Scalar or Dot
Product
Sample
  Problem
Vector has a magnitude of 6.00 units, vector
has a magnitude of 7.00 units and has a value
of 14.0. What is the angle between and ?
SEATWORK
Your group are to solve five problems. The
problems will be given to you one by one. After
solving one problem, have it checked. If you’re
able to solve the problem correctly, you’ll be
given the next problem. If not, you may answer
the problem again until you get the correct
answer. You may also opt to skip the problem
to get the next problem but you may not go
back to this problem anymore. The first group
to finish answering the fifth problem will have
additional points on top of their scores in the