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BOLTED CONNECTIONS
STRUCTURAL
STRUCTURAL DESIGN
DESIGN III
III
BOLTED CONNECTION
Types of Bolts
Types of Bolts
A490 Bolt
0.9743
Tensile stress area = 0.785 db − n
• TENSION
• SHEAR
Shear strength versus tensile strength. Note: Each point represents the average
values of a specific bolt lot. The shear strength is computed on the
An elliptical interaction curve can be used to provide a good representation of the behavior of
high-strength bolts under combined ten- sion and shear; namely,
= 1.0
(0.62)2
+y
x2
φRn ≥ Pu
where
φ = 0.75, resistance factor for fracture in tension,shear on
high-strength bolts and bearing of bolt against side of hole
where
φRn = 0.75Fnt Ab
where
t nt v nt
fv = the required shear stress
The available shear stress of the fastener shall equal or exceed the required shear strength
The design slip resistance, φRn , shall be determined for the limit state of slip as:
Rn = µDu hsc Tb Ns
For connections in which prevention of slip is a serviceability limit state
φ = 1.00
For connections designed to prevent slip at the required strength level
φ = 0.85
where
µ = mean slip coefficient for Class A or B surfaces
= 0.35 for Class A surfaces
= 0.50 for Class B surfaces
Du = 1.13
The design slip resistance, φRn , shall be determined for the limit state of slip as:
Rn = µDu hsc Tb Ns
where
When a slip-critical connection is subjected to an applied tension that reduces the net clamping force, the av
resistance per bolt, from Section J3.8, shall be multiplied by the factor, ks ,
k=1−
where
tension given in Table J3.1 Tu = tension force due to LRFD load combinations
Bearing Strength at Bolt Holes
The available bearing strength, φRn , at bolt holes shall be
determined for the limit state of bearing as follows:
(a)For a bolt in a connection with standard, oversized, and short-slotted
holes, indepen- dent of the direction of loading, or a long-slotted hole with
the slot parallel to the direction of the bearing force:
When deformation at the bolt hole at service load is a design
consideration
Lc = clear distance, in the direction of the force, between the edge of the hole and the edge of the adjacent
For connections, the bearing resistance shall be taken as the sum of the
bearing resistances of the individual bolts.
Bearing strength shall be checked for both bearing-type and slip-critical
connections. The use of oversized holes and short- and long-slotted holes
parallel to the line of force is restricted to slip-critical connections per Section
J3.2.
Minimum Spacing
The distance between centers of standard, oversized, or slotted holes, shall not be less
connected part shall be not less than that required for a standard hole to an edge of a