Research on the

Development of
Prestressed
Concrete in Japan
Present Condition of Development of
Structural Concrete Technology

Structural Concrete Technology in Japan

● Earthquake Resistant Buildings

● Carbon Fiber Composite Cable Tendon
Present Condition of Development of
Structural Concrete Technology

In Japan, structural control is commonly

acknowledged as a basic technology to
exceed standard earthquake or wind-
resistant buildings ' performance constraints.

Tokyo Skytree, 634m (2080 feet)

Present Condition of Development of
Structural Concrete Technology

The concrete column in the

center of the Tokyo Skytree
act as a center of gravity,
similar to the shinbashira of a
traditional pagoda.
Present Condition of Development of
Structural Concrete Technology
Long term application of Carbon Fiber Composite Cable Tendon

● Carbon fiber composite cable has an outstanding features in

comparison with regular steel.
● Applied in the prestressed concrete bridge - Shinmiya Bridge in
Japan
● CFCC tendons were used in the prestressed bridge to counter salt
damage.
 Historical Development of Prestressed
Concrete Technology
● In 1941 - Research on prestressed concrete first started at the railway
technology institute of the Ministry of Transport, Japan.
● After the Second World War - the committee on prestressed
concrete at the Ministry of Commerce and Industry reopened the
research to utilise the surplus of military materials.
● In early 1950s - high strength twisted strands and steel bars were
developed in succession. This made the practical use of prestressing
technology possible.
● In 1957 - the Ministry of Construction circulated the Notification for
the design and construction of prestressed concrete buildings.
 Historical Development of Prestressed
Concrete Technology
● In 1961
- Code of practice for the design and construction of prestressed
concrete buildings was published from the Architectural Institute of
Japan.
- This AIJ code adopted the ultimate strength design method although
the design code for reinforced concrete was based on the allowable
stresses of materials.
- After then the construction of prestressed concrete buildings
showed rapid progress.
Historical Development of Prestressed
Concrete Technology

● In 1986 - the design and construction guideline for partially

prestressed concrete was published from AIJ to promote the
more utilisation of prestressed concrete.
● Recently the prestressed concrete is mainly applied to precast
constructions assembled by post tensioning due to short
construction period, simple joint mechanism and high quality
control.
Historical Development of Prestressed
Concrete Technology
● January 1995
- The Hyougoken-nanbu Earthquake hit the city of Kobe and
surrounding area. However the damage to prestressed
concrete buildings was quite small although more than 150
prestressed concrete buildings existed in most severely
damaged area.
- The high seismic performance of prestressed concrete is being
recognised once again.
 EXAMPLES OF STRUCURES THAT USED
PRESTRESSED CONCRETE
Aokigawa Bridge
Super Structure: Pre Stressed concrete
6 span continuous box girder with steel
corrugated webs.

Beginning of works: Jan 2007

Completion : March 13
Location:Shimobira Tanyocho Mitsui,
Ichinomiya, Aichi, Japan
 EXAMPLES OF STRUCURES THAT USED
PRESTRESSED CONCRETE
Aokigawa Bridge
Designer and Contractor: TAISEI Oriental
Shiraishi Joint Venture

● The New Tomei expressway is a major

Japanese expressway and will be
completed totally on 2020.
● The total length will be 254km.
● On 2012, the part of expressway (162km)
was opened.
 EXAMPLES OF STRUCURES THAT USED
PRESTRESSED CONCRETE

Construction of the Foundation

•Bored pile foundations (Max. diameter 17m)
construction was carried out using blasting
charge because of the existence of very hard
rocks. After the excavation of the ground,
concrete was cast
 EXAMPLES OF STRUCURES THAT USED
PRESTRESSED CONCRETE

Balance Cantilever Construction

The superstructure was carried out by balanced
cantilever method using traveler forms. Special
form travelers were used for rapid erection of the
superstructure
 EXAMPLES OF STRUCURES THAT USED
PRESTRESSED CONCRETE
CONCLUSION

•The Aokigawa bridge was completed

on May 2013. Many people living near
the bridge celebrated the completion
with the Owner, JV and several guests.
This bridge will be loved and cherished
by the local people as their own bridge
 EXAMPLES OF STRUCURES THAT USED
PRESTRESSED CONCRETE
CONCLUSION

•The Aokigawa bridge was completed

on May 2013. Many people living near
the bridge celebrated the completion
with the Owner, JV and several guests.
This bridge will be loved and cherished
by the local people as their own bridge
 EXAMPLES OF STRUCURES THAT USED
PRESTRESSED CONCRETE
NTT Central Training Institute / The New 5th Building

Constructor: Toda Corporation

Beginning of works: Oct 2009
Completion : Nov 2010
Location: Irimacho, Chofu (city) Tokyo, Japan
Structure: Precast Prestressed Concrete
Structure, partly Reinforced Concrete
Structure
 EXAMPLES OF STRUCURES THAT USED
PRESTRESSED CONCRETE
DESIGN

Precast Prestressed Concrete Structure

Adopted to resolve the following issues:
1)Flexible training environment was required, which
could hold training for both a large number (more
than 300) of trainees and a small number (about 40)
of trainees.

Solution: Precast composite slab called Single T

slab (ST slab) was adopted for the slab structure
 EXAMPLES OF STRUCURES THAT USED
PRESTRESSED CONCRETE
DESIGN
Precast Prestressed Concrete Structure
2) It was required that the building scale was 6 floors above
ground and the training rooms had ceiling height more than
3m

Precast composite slab (ST slab)

Regulation: maximum height of buildings should be
less than 25m

Solution:
➔ The bottom of ST slabs consisted of the architectural ceiling design
➔ The portions between the ribs of ST slabs were used as duct and wiring space
 EXAMPLES OF STRUCURES THAT USED
PRESTRESSED CONCRETE
CONSTRUCTION

1) The core portion was built before the 2) Transportation of ST slabs

election of the training room portion
 EXAMPLES OF STRUCURES THAT USED
PRESTRESSED CONCRETE
CONSTRUCTION

3) After the election of the thin columns, 4) Reinforcing bar arrangement of

the ST slabs were built on them bearing walls