FLUID

MECHANICS

JEJOMAR DUQUE, CE
 II. FLUID DYNAMICS
Rotation of Fluid Mass
Sample Problem
A cylindrical bucket 200 mm in diameter and
300 mm high is 2/3 full of water. It is swung in a
vertical plane, so that the bottom of the bucket
describing a circle having a radius of 1 m. How
fast should the bucket be rotated in rpm so that
no water is spilled? Neglect the weight of the
bucket.
 II. FLUID DYNAMICS
Solution Sample ProblemCF
From Equilibrium of fluids : The critical position for the liquid
FV =0( = )
to fall is at the highest point.
0.2 m
CF = W
CF = man W
CF = m(r2)
m(r2) mg 0.2 m 0.3 m
r2  g
(0.9 m)2 = 9.81 m/s2 CF
 = 3.302 rad/s or 1m
 = 31.53 rpm r=0.9 m

CF
CF
 FLUID DYNAMICS

I. CLOSED CYLINDRICAL VESSELS

 II. FLUID DYNAMICS
Closed Cylindrical Vessels
CASES 1
ω
h

Fully Filled
 II. FLUID DYNAMICS
Closed Cylindrical Vessels
CASES 2

Partially Filled
 II. FLUID DYNAMICS
Closed Cylindrical Vessels
CASES 3 h
ω
P/γ
Ptop

Fully Filled with pressure on top

 FLUID DYNAMICS

I. FLUID FLOW
 II. FLUID DYNAMICS
FLUID FLOW
SYSTEM
Is a fixed quantity of matter and no mass is
allowed to cross the system boundary.

CONTROL VOLUME
Is a space of interest where mass can cross the
boundary. The boundary of the control volume
is called control surface.
 II. FLUID DYNAMICS
FLUID FLOW
LAW OF CONSERVATION OF MASS
“For any closed system to all transfers of matters
and energy (both of which have mass), the
mass of the system must remain constant over
time, as system mass cannot change quantity if
it is not added or removed.”

CONTROL Mass
Mass
VOLUME leaving
entering
per unit
per unit
time
time Increase in mass per unit time
 II. FLUID DYNAMICS
FLUID FLOW
LAW OF CONSERVATION OF MASS
Mass entering per unit time = mass leaving per
unit time + increase of mass in the control
volume per unit time
STEADY FLOW
No Increase of mass in the control volume per
unit time
Mass entering per unit time = mass leaving per
unit time