INTRODUCTION TO MEANING OF ARCHITECTURAL

FORM
SEM GENAP 2018-2019

EXPRESSION
STUDY IN A
HOSPITAL
THROUGH
BUILDING’S
PROPERTIES AND Meliana
COMPOSITION Pangestu
2015420104
meliana.pangestu21@gmail.com
 Analytical Framework

Architectural Architectural Architectural

Messages Form Expressions

Purpose Compulsory
Expressions
NEEDS

Function
Function
Expressions
Use Properties
&
Composition Cultural
Tradition Expressions
WANTS

Ideological
Ideology Expressions

Identify Analysis
Sumber: Salura, Purnama. (2019). PowerPoint Presentation,
Parahyangan Catholic University
 Study Case

BAMYAN
PROVINCIAL HOSPITAL
Bamyan, Afghanistan

The Architecture for this Provincial Hospital respects and

understands the nature of living and building in rural
communities of Bamyan. It draws inspiration from the traditional
methodologies of the built environment, and the simplicity of
forms seen in the local vernacular in the context of home and
village settings.
 Solving Needs

Compulsory Expressions

Improving health of
the patients
INVITING
PURPOSE
PROTECTING

Providing Medical Function Expressions

FUNCTION Treatments

HYGIENE
Accommodate medical DIVIDED
USE needs for patients FORMAL
 Solving Wants

Keeping the hospital Cultural

TRADITION culture and nature with Expressions
also balancing between
needs
PRIVATE

Suggesting the concept Ideological

of health and healing Expressions
IDEOLOGY
process
CONTENTMENT
 Architectural Expression

INTERNAL EXTERNAL POSITION ARRANGEMENT

COMPULSORY:
INVITING BIG-SMALL FORWARD-
PROTECTING
BUILDING’S 3D FORM / VOLUME
COMPARE TO HUMAN SCALE

ROUGH-SMOOTH BACKWARD
FORM, SPACE & ENCLOSURE
ENCLOSURE’S ELEMENT SURFACE TEXTURE

SIMPLE-
OF LIGHT & SHADOW CREATED

ABOVE-BELOW
COMPLICATED ENCLOSURE’S ELEMENT SURFACE TEXTURE

REPETITION-
COMPULSORY+ BUILDING’S 3 D FORM
BUILDING’S PLAN-WALL- ROOF
HARD-SOFT RYTHM
1.HYGIENE RIGHT-LEFT
ENCLOSURE’S ELEMENT SURFACE TEXTURE
FORM, SPACE & ENCLOSURE OF SEQUENCE CREATED

STABLE-
2. DIVIDED UNSTABLE LINEAR-CENTRAL
BLACK-WHITE
FORM, SPACE & ENCLOSURE OF MOTION CREATED
BUILDING’S BALANCE WEIGHT TO THE GROUND

3. FORMAL ADDITIVE-
ENCLOSURE’S ELEMENT SURFACE COLOUR

4. PRIVATE SUBSTRACTV FRONT-BACK

BUILDING’S PROPORTION TO ITS BASIC FORM
SYMMETRI-
5. CONTENTMENT GLITTER-DOFF ASYMMETRI
ENCLOSURE ELEMENT SURFACE FORM, SPACE & ENCLOSURE’S

PLASTICITY-STIFF
OF BALANCE CREATED

BUILDING’S ENCLOSURE STRUCTURE

FAR-NEAR HORSNTAL-
WET-DRY VERTICAL
SHARP-CURVE ENCLOSURE ELEMENT SURFACE
FORM & ENCLOSURE’S EXTERIOR-INTERIOR

BUILDING’S 3 D FORM & SHAPE

FUNCTION+
CENTRE- GEOMETRY-
HOSPITAL SOLID-VOID
BUILDING’S 3 D FORM DEGREE OF
LIGHT-DARK
ENCLOSURE ELEMENT SURFACE
PERYPHERY AMORF
OPENINGS FORM & ENCLOSURE’S EXTERIOR-INTERIOR

TRANSPARENT- RANDOM-
TRADITION+ MASSIVE SLIPPERY-GRIP ORDERLY
ENCLOSURE ELEMENT SURFACE ENCLOSURE’S ARRANGEMENT
BUILDING’S ENCLOSURE DEGREE OF OPENINGS

POSTMODERN PLANE-FRAME GROUP-FREE

BUILDING’S STRUCTURE
STANDSTRUCTURAL ARRANGEMENT
 Compulsory Expressions

Inviting

Inviting as a compulsory expression of every

architectural projects. To follow the law of
attraction every project needs to to draw
people in and also for subjects to easily identify
the main entrance and other functions.
 Compulsory Expressions

Protecting

Protecting as a compulsory expression of every

architectural projects. To follow the basic
architecture function as a shelter, to protect
subject from outside environment
 Functional Expressions

Hygiene

Like all health facilities all around the world, they

shall not be in a remote area. The place needed
to be strategic, easy to find, and have
reasonable amount of undue noise, odor, dirt,
and other factors that might cause such an
uncomfortable environment.
 Functional Expressions

Divided

Based on the privacy matters and function, any

medical records is by law a privacy. On the
other hand, some public areas are also needed.
This divisions between areas are mostly
expressed through the building’s properties and
compositions.
 Functional Expressions

Formal

Thorough planning and designing needs to be

done in order to meet formal room standarts,
ethique, and to maintain the stability of normal
professional medical practice. Hospital as a
formal health care institution being in
accordance with established requirements
 Cultural Expressions

Private

Regarding to the Patient’s privacy, it’s no surprise

that hospital tends to have walls all around the
aisle. This privacy the patients get is also
contributing to their health recovering process.
 Ideological Expressions

Contentment

Hospital need to provide the patients

contentment during their recovery process. The
architectural designs are sometimes a big part of
this ideology. Clean, subtle colours tends to
make patients feel content and by it to help the
healing process better.
 Compulsory Expressions

Inviting
Easily identified entrance and attractive.
 Compulsory Expressions

Protecting
Protects from outside environments.
 Functional Expressions

Hygiene

Simple White
Stiff Light
Massive
 Functional Expressions

Divided

Repetition Orderly
Linear Group
Horizontal
 Functional Expressions

Formal

Stiff Repetition Orderly

Solid Linear Group
Massive Horizontal
 Cultural Expressions

Private

White Repetition Orderly

Linear Group
Horizontal
 Ideological Expressions

Contentment

White Repetition Orderly

Linear Group
Horizontal
 Conclusion

1 2 3 4
Inviting X
Protecting X
Hygiene X
Divided X
Formal X
Private X
Contentment X

1 : Study case isn’t suitable with the expression

2 : Study case is only a little bit suitable with the expression (only a few
elements suits the expression)
3 : Study case suits the expression adequately
4 : Study case suits the expression (a lot of element suits the expression).
 References

References • Purnama Salura. 2019. PMBARS Layers of Expressions. Presentation, Parahyangan

Catholic University

• Purnama Salura. 2018. Anatomy of Architecture Based on the Creation of Space

for Activity. International Journal of Engineering & Technology, 7 (2.14) 205-207

• https://www.archdaily.com/897639/bamyan-provincial-hospital-arcop-pvt-ltd

• https://perkinswill.com/type/healthcare

• https://study.com/academy/lesson/health-services-definition-types-providers.htm

• https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10282443

• Taaluru, Stenly Yerli, dan Frits O. P. Siregar. 2012. “Ekspresi Material Pada Selubung
Ruang sebagai media hadirnya pengalaman arsitektur.” Media Matrasain 9 (2):
37–53.

• Rob Krier. 2010. Architectural Composition. Reprint. London: Edition Axel Menges.

• Muchamad, Bani Noor, dan Ikaputra. 2010. “Model Ekspresi Arsitektur.” In Menuju
Pendidikan Arsitektur Indonesia Berbasis Riset, 39–46. Denpasar: Universitas
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• Surasetja, Irawan. 2007. Fungsi, Ruang, Bentuk dan Ekspresi Dalam Arsitektur,
Diperoleh 18 Oktober 2013, dari
<http://kk.mercubuana.ac.id/elearning/files_modul/12036-14-119280493442.pdf>

• https://www.wbdg.org/building-types/health-care-facilities/psychiatric-facility