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aorta
main vein
Right Left
liver
digestive system
kidneys
legs
Circulatory System
Our circulatory system is a double circulatory system.
This means it has two parts.
Lungs
deoxygenated oxygenated
blood.
blood.
Body cells
Anatomy of the heart
Location and size of the heart
• The heart is situated between the lungs
and mediastinum
• About 2/3 of its mass is to the left of
midline
• The heart is about 12 cm long, 9 cm
wide, and 6 cm thick
Pericardium
• Consists of an outer fibrous layer and
an inner serous pericardium
• Serous pericardium consists of parietal
and visceral layer
Heart wall
• The wall of the heart has
3 layers:
– Epicardium- consists
of mesothelium and
connective tissue
– Myocarduim-
composed od cardiac
muscle tissue
– Endocardium- consists
of endothelium and
connective tissue
Chambers of the heart
• The chambers includetwo upper atria
and two lower ventricles
• An interatrial septum separates the
atria and an interventricular septum
separates the ventricles
The Heart
2 atria
Coronary arteries,
the hearts own
2 ventricles blood supply
Right Atrium
Left Atrium
valve valve
STEP ONE
STEP TWO
STEP THREE
plasma hormones
Blood
• Liquid connective tissue that has the
following functions:
– Transportation- of oxygen, carbon dioxide,
nutrients, wastes and hormones
– Regulation- of body pH, body temperature,
and water content of cells
– Protection- through clotting mechanisms
against blood loss; antibodies against
infection
Components of Blood
platelets plasma
Red Blood Cells
contain haemoglobin, a
a biconcave disc that is molecule specially designed
round and flat without a to hold oxygen and carry it
nucleus to cells that need it.
Platelets produce
tiny fibrinogen
fibres to form a net.
This net traps other
blood cells to form a
blood clot.
Plasma
It also contains useful
things like;
• carbon dioxide
A straw- • glucose
coloured
• amino acids
liquid that
carries the • proteins
cells and the
platelets • minerals
which help • vitamins
blood clot.
• hormones
• waste materials
like urea.
blood from the heart gets around
a. ARTERY
b. VEIN
c. CAPILLARY
The ARTERY
Arteries carry blood away from the heart.
artery vein
capillaries
body cell
Venules
• Small vessels that continue from
capillaries and merge from veins
• They drain blood to from capillaries to
veins
The VEIN
Veins carry blood towards the heart.
away
Arteries take blood ______ from the heart. The walls of an artery
muscular
are made up of thick _________ walls and elastic fibres. Veins
towards capillaries
carry blood ________ the heart and also have valves. The
_________ link arteries and veins, and have a one cell thick wall.
plasma
Blood is made up of four main things ______, the liquid part of the
oxygen
blood; Red Blood Cells to carry ______; White Blood cells to protect
platelets
the body from disease and _________ to help blood clot.