Can anyone guess what the pictures suggest?

Mechanical Energy
What is Mechanical Energy?
• Mechanical energy is the sum of kinetic and
potential energy in an object that is used to do
work. In other words, it is energy in an object due
to its motion or position, or both.
What is Mechanical Energy?

The sum of the potential and kinetic energy that the hammer
acquired to drive in the nail is called the Mechanical energy,
which resulted in the work done.
1. Potential Energy
-The energy in matter due to arrangements of its parts, its
composition,location and structure. It is commonly
considered as a stored energy having the potential to do
mechanical work.
-Formula: PEgrav=mgh ;PEelas=½kx2
examples:

GRAVITATIONAL ELASTIC
2. Kinetic Energy

-The energy in moving matter and wave.

-the work needed to accelerate a body of a given mass
from rest to its stated velocity.
- Formula: KE= ½mv2
Examples:

MOTION RADIANT THERMAL

ACTIVITY TIME!
Activity 2: Hep Hep Hooray!

Objectives:
At the end of the activity,you should be able to:
• Construct a simple turbine unit
• demonstrate mechanical energy transformations
and conservation, and
• demonstrate Hydroelectric Power (HEP)using a
water reservoir system.
A. Construction and Testing of the
Turbine Model
• Objective/s
- To successfully construct a turbine model.
-To test the integrity of the made model.
B. Construction of the water reservoir
model.
• Objective/s
- To successfully Construct a Water Reservoir
Model.
-To understand how the model works.
C. Mechanical Energy in Hydropower
• Objective/s
-To qualitatively and Quantitatively Analyze the
processes of the model.
YOU CAN NOW START
 A typical Hydroelectric Power Plant has three main
parts :
1.) The water reservoir

2.) The Dam

3.) The power plant

(turbines and generators)

The stored water in the reservoir has potential energy. When water is made to
flow down the penstock, the potential energy changes into kinetic energy.
The power of the rushing water spins the turbine, which turn spins the coils of
wire inside a ring of magnets: thus, Generating Electricity.
Analysis
The water that flows out of the reservoir at height h from the
base loses GPE that is equal to the product of the weight of
the water above the exit level (mg) and the head of flow H =
hw - ht . In equation, ΔPE = PEt-PEW=mg(-H).
ΔKE=KEt-KEW=½mv2 In equation,
-mgH = ½mv2
-ΔPE=ΔKE or
0=ΔKE+ΔPE
This is the Law of Conservation of
Mechanical Energy.
the Law of Conservation of
Mechanical Energy.
“The total mechanical energy in a system
remains constant as long as the only forces
acting are conservative forces.”
Example:
 the Law of Conservation of
Mechanical Energy.
• When an object is lifted, it gains potential energy. As it falls
back to the ground, it will lose this potential energy, but gain
kinetic energy. In our example, the potential energy that the
suitcase loses is changed to kinetic energy.
the Law of Conservation of
Mechanical Energy.

As the pendulum swings back and forth, there is a

constant exchange between kinetic energy and
gravitational potential energy.
EVALUATION
1. __________ is the sum of kinetic and
potential energy in an object that is used to
do work.
2. the energy of an object which it
possesses due to its motion.
3. The energy in matter commonly
considered as a stored energy of a mass.
4. What is the energy convertion of the
activity performed?(starting from the water
inside the bottle to the turbine.)
5. A cart is loaded with a brick and pulled at constant
speed along an inclined plane to the height of a seat-
top. If the mass of the loaded cart is 3.0 kg and the
height of the seat top is 1.0 meter, then what is the
potential energy of the loaded cart at the height of
the seat-top?
6. Determine the kinetic energy of a 100-kg
roller coaster car that is moving with a
speed of 8.0 m/s.
7. State the law of conservation of
mechanical Energy.
8. A force with the property that the total work done in
moving a particle between two points is independent
of the taken path.
9.-10. Just like the activity,how does a Hydro Electric
power plant's turbine rotate?