GROUP 4

1. Alia Maharani A 4101417099

2. Innadien Nurahya H 4101417104
3. Imanina Fitri R 4101417109

SCHOOL MATHEMATICS
AND ITS DIFFERENCE
WITH MATHEMATICS IN
GENERAL
Mathematics in
General A 2
 The
Definition of Characteristics
Mathematics of Mathematics

3
 “
Soedjadi (2000:11) said that
mathematics is an exact sciences with
abstract object consisting of concept,
principle, and operation related to
numbers.

4
 “
James and James (1976) stated that
mathematics is a logical sciences,
about shapes, structure, quantities,
and concepts.

5
 Mathematics Characteristics
Fact Concept
1. The study objects agreements that abstract idea that
are represented can be used to
are abstract. by the specific classify specific
notation. objects, whether it
is an example of
Those objects consist the idea or not.
of fact, concept,
operation/ relation/
skill, and principle.
Principle Operation
a set of some a rule to get single
mathematics objects (fact element from one
or concept) connected by or more elements
certain relation or that have been
operation. It can be known
axiom, lemma, theorem,
and characterictic.

6
 Mathematics Characteristics

2. Rely on the agreements.

3. Deductive mindset.
The basic agreements of
mathematics are:
a. axiom/postulate/asumption From general to specific things.
/basic statements (no need
to be proved).
b. Primitive concepts/
undefined terms/ basic
definitions (no need to be
defined).

7
 Mathematics Characteristics

4. Meaningless 5. Focus on universe. 6. Consistent in its

symbols. system.
Regarding to
Example : “x+y = z” meaningless symbols, Mathematics consists
couldn’t represent the clearly definition of of many systems.
numbers. the symbols in a Consistency is applied
specific situation is in each system and
needed. The situation structure (there must
is called the universe. be no contradiction).

8
School Mathematics
B 9
 The Goals of The Principles for
Definition of School
School School
Mathematics
Mathematics Mathematics

10
 “
School mathematics, stated by Soedjadi
(1995:1), is parts of mathematics that is
chosen based on the educational purpose. It
means that school mathematics is not
exactly same with mathematics as science or
mathematics in general.

11
 The Goals of School Mathematics

Practical Perspective. Specialised Perspective.

to educate students to be
Based on
active, thinking citizens,
Perspectives on The
interpreting the world
Goal of
mathematically, and using
Mathematics
mathematics to help form
Teaching
their predictions and
decisions about personal
and financial priorities.
(ACARA, 2010a, p.5)

12
 The Goals of School Mathematics

Practical Perspective. Specialised Perspective.

mathematics has its own

Based on
value and beauty and it is
Perspectives on The
intended that students will
Goal of
appreciate the elegance and
Mathematics
power of mathematical
Teaching
thinking, [and] experience
mathematics as enjoyable.
(ACARA, 2010a, p.5)

13
 The Goals of School Mathematics

Practical Perspective. Specialised Perspective.

Based on
Perspectives on The
Goal of
Mathematics
Teaching

To further delineate the scope and nature of the mathematical actions that
students need to experience in their mathematical learning, and which apply
equally to both the practical and specialised perspectives, there are five
strands of desirable mathematical actions for students.

14
 Five Strands of Desirable Mathematical
Actions for Students

Kilpatrick, Swafford, and Findell (2001), then further refined by

Watson and Sullivan (2008) established and described five strands
of mathematical actions.
a. Conceptual Understanding
b. Procedural Fluency
c. Strategic Competence
d. Adaptive Reasoning
e. Productive Disposition

15
 The Principles for School Mathematics

Equity. Curriculum. Teaching.

Excellence in A curriculum is more Effective

mathematics than a collection of mathematics
education requires activities; it must be teaching requires
equity—high coherent, focused understanding what
expectations and on important students know and
strong support for mathematics, and need to learn and
all students. well articulated then challenging
across the grades. and supporting
them to learn it well.

16
 The Principles for School Mathematics

Students must learn Assessment should Technology is

mathematics with support the learning essential in teaching
understanding, of important and learning
actively building mathematics and mathematics; it infl
new knowledge furnish useful uences the
from experience and information to both mathematics that is
previous teachers and taught and
knowledge. students. enhances students’
learning.
Learning. Assessment.
Technology.

17
 Conclusion
(The Difference between
Mathematics in General and School
Mathematics
C 18
Differences Aspects Mathematics in School Mathematics
General

Presentation Definition/axiom – Concrete example –

theorem – examples definition – informal
axiom/characteristic –
formal
axiom/characteristic
Mindset Deductive – axiomatic Inductive – deductive

Universe Limitless Limited by students

thinking skill
Material Abstract Concrete – semi
concrete – semi abstract
– abstract
19
THANKS!
20