Their effects on

the environment
and community
A natural hazard is a natural phenomenon
that might have a negative effect on
humans or the environment. Natural hazard
events can be classified into two broad
categories: geophysical and biological.
Geophysical hazards encompass geological
and meteorological phenomena such as
earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, wildfires,
cyclonic storms, floods, droughts, and
landslides. Biological hazards can refer to a
diverse array of disease, infection, and
infestation.
A typhoon is a mature tropical cyclone that
develops between180°and100°Ein the
Northern Hemisphere. For organizational
purposes, the northern Pacific Ocean is
divided into three regions: the eastern (North
America to140°W), central (140°to 180°W),
and western (180°to 100°E). The Regional
Specialized Meteorological Center(RSMC)
for tropical cyclone forecasts is in Japan,
with other tropical cyclone warning centers
for the northwest Pacific in Hawaii (the Joint
Typhoon Warning Center), the Philippines
and Hong Kong.
Buildings and Other Infrastructure
Wind and water account for the two most destructive
forces associated with typhoons. Typhoons affect
buildings and other structures in two ways: through direct
force and through projectiles. Direct force occurs when
a wind gust slams directly into a building or structure and
causes physical damage, such as when wind blows the
roof off a home.

Watercraft and Offshore Operations

In addition to causing mayhem on land, typhoons
certainly stir up the seas. Individuals on watercraft or
those performing offshore operations (such as on oil rigs)
not only have to contend with heavy winds and rain, but
also massive waves and, in general, turbulent water
conditions.
Trees and Other Vegetation
The impacts of typhoons extend to the
natural environment, of course. The storms
may damage or destroy trees and other
vegetation, including crops that communities
may rely on for sustenance or trade, or both.
Strong winds can snap branches; detach
and injure leaves, flowers, fruits and seeds;
and uproot Typhoons caused trouble for U.S.
Navy fleets in the Pacific Theater during
World War II. Today, fishing boats, cruise ships
and other vessels rely on sophisticated
technology to help them predict and avoid
the devastating effects of typhoons, trees
and plants.
Are discharged from a volcanic
vent. The most common
consequences of this are
population movements as large
numbers of people are often
forced to flee the moving lava
flow. Volcanic eruptions often
cause temporary food shortages
and volcanic ash landslides called
Lahar.
When volcanoes erupt, they produce
massive clouds of ashes into the
troposphere, and then they drift upward
into the stratosphere (the upper
atmosphere layer where ozone gas
protects humans from UV radiation).
Ashes can stay in the stratosphere for
about two to five years, and within this
period, there are chemical reactions that
destroy the stratus.
An earthquake is the sudden,
rapid shaking of the earth,
caused by the breaking and
shifting of underground rock.
Earthquakes can cause
buildings to collapse and
cause heavy items to fall,
resulting in injuries and
property damage.
Damage to human
structures – Earthquakes
cause great damage to
human structures such as
buildings, roads, rails,
factories, dams, bridges
etc., and thus cause heavy
damage to human.
Cañedo, Daisy Ley A.
Felix, Mary Fontaine C.