My General Chemistry I

Guide
1
 Contents
Lesson 1: Matter and Its Properties

Lesson 2: Matter and Its Various Forms

Lesson 3: Measurements

Lesson 4: Atoms, Molecules, and Ions

Lesson 5: Atomic Mass

Lesson 6: The Mole Concept and Molar Mass

Lesson 7: Percent Composition and Chemical Formulas

2 Lesson 8: Chemical Reactions and Chemical Equations

Lesson 9: Mass Relationships in Chemical Reactions

Lesson 10: Gases

Lesson 11: Electromagnetic Waves, Planck’s Quantum Theory, and
Photoelectric Effect
 Contents
Lesson 12: Emission Spectrum of Hydrogen, and Dual Nature of Matter
Lesson 13: Flame Test
Lesson 14: Electronic Structure of The Atom
Lesson 15: Electron Configuration
Lesson 16: Periodic Relationships among the Elements
Lesson 17: Periodic Relationships of Main Group Elements
Lesson 18: Ionic Bonds
Lesson 19: Covalent Bonds and Lewis Structures
3 Lesson 20: Geometry of Molecules and Polarity of Compounds
Lesson 21: Carbon Compounds
Lesson 22: Polymers
Lesson 23: Biomolecules
4 Rules of Balancing Chemical Equations
Before discussing about balancing chemical equations, we must first
understand the rules of the molecules as variables.
1. The subscript tells how many atoms of that element/molecule.

H2
means there are 2 hydrogen atoms

NO3
means there is 1 nitrogen atom and 3 oxygen atoms

(CH4 )3
means there are 3 carbon atoms and 12 hydrogen atoms
5 Rules of Balancing Chemical Equations
2. You are NOT allowed to add or change the subscript of the atom.

Before… After…

O2 O3
ZnCl2 Zn3 Cl2
𝐶𝑢𝑁𝑂3 𝐶𝑢(𝑁𝑂3 )2
6 Rules of Balancing Chemical Equations
3. You are allowed to add a coefficient to a molecule. Doing this
affects the value of ALL elements in that molecule.

6O2 3H2 O 2𝐿𝑖3 (𝑁𝑂3 )2

*12 oxygen atoms *6 hydrogen atoms *6 lithium atoms
*3 oxygen atoms *4 nitrogen atoms
*12 oxygen atoms

For now, only use positive integers. Decimals and fractions will be used later
on.
7 Rules of Balancing Chemical Equations
3. You are NOT allowed to add a coefficient in the middle of a
molecule.

C3𝑂2 𝐻3 4(𝑃𝑂4 )2
8 Rules of Balancing Chemical Equations