Research Area:- Wireless sensor Network(WSN)

Research Project:-
Implementation of IMHT LEACH
for WSN

By:- Tilak Rajput

Introduction
• Sensor node:- Basic unit of WSN. Contains onboard sensor,
processor, memory, transceiver and power supply.
• Sensor network:- Consists of large number of sensor nodes.
Responsible for communication between nodes as well as
base station.
• Base station:- It is destination of all the data packets in the
network. Monitors all the communication in network.
• Main objective in WSN is power saving, therefore different
routing technique is developed.

Continued...
• Different routing techniques:- 1) Data centric
2) Hierarchical
3) Location based

• Out of three Hierarchical Routing technique is seems to be

more effective in load balancing and robustness.

• LEACH is one of the various routing protocols in hierarchical

routing for saving of sensor energy during communication.

• As a research project work on multi-hop technique in LEACH

is done.
Working of LEACH

 Limitation:-
low lifetime of cluster
at far distance.
Working of MHT LEACH

 Limitation:-

Faces a problem
related to the area of
deployment, generally
area of WSN is large
and probably most of
the CHs are located
upper than d0.
Working of IMHT LEACH

Forms multiple layers

Increases network lifetime
Also increases network
lifetime of first and last dead
node.
Routing table is dynamic in
nature, means can be alterable
if node position changes.
Energy saving through multi-hop transmission

The amount of energy required

for direct data transmission as
in figure (a) can be modeled by
this formula:
eampk(3d1 + d2)2
Whereas the amount of energy
required for multi hop data
transmission as in figure (b) can
be modeled by formula:
eampk(3d12 + d22)
Work done in project

• Original proposed system faces data collision problem i.e.

when large number of nodes in the network transmits
advertisement signal on start up to BS, most of signal is
misheard due to data collision.
• To overcome this problem request and response protocol is
used.
• Master transmits advertisement/request frame with
destination address and it floats in the network until it
reaches destination.
Methodology

• As IMHT-LEACH is a protocol between CH’s and BS, it

considers setup phase of LEACH i.e. cluster formation
and cluster head selection is already completed.
• Working of IMHT-LEACH is divided into three phases:
– Announcement phase

– Setup phase

– Data transfer phase

Hardware Setup
Results
 Response time Vs distance
16

14
Hopping transition
12

10
Response delay in sec

0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
Distance between node and BS in meters
 Connection drop in half hour
45

40

35
No. of times connection drop

30

25

20

15

10

0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

Distance in meter
Conclusion
• LEACH protocol is implemented with Multi-Hop
communication.

• Dynamic network is formed in which node can be movable

and loaded protocol adapts itself to form new network.

• Parameters like response time and connection drop is also

observed.