UNIT 3 The world of work

MATCH THE PHRASES TO THE DEFINITIONS

 What type of job would you like to have in the future? Why?
HOW HAS YOUR LIFE CHANGED?
Describe your obligations as a university student using “have to” and
“don’t have to” and your obligations as a highschool student using
“had to” and “didn’t have to”.
School University Work
LISTENING AND GRAMMAR

Look at the photos and choose 3 phrases from the previous exercises
and write one sentence with each.
Match the sentences 1-2 to the photos
HAVE TO/HAS TO: TO TALK ABOUT OBLIGATIONS.
Present Simple: Have to (I – you – we – they)
Has to (he – she – it)

Past Simple: Had to (all pronouns)

HAVE TO/ HAD TO: POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE

We use have to/has to to say it is neccesary to do this. You have

to have a degree.

We use don’t have to/doesn’t have to to say it is not neccesary

to do this, but you can if you want: You don’t have to go to
university.

We use had to to say it was neccesary to do this in the past: I had

to do 72 weeks’ basic training.

We use didn’t have to to say it wasn’t necessary to do this in the

past: I didn’t have to pay for it.
STRUCTURE
LET’S PRACTICE: COMPLETE WITH THE CORRECT FORM
OF “HAVE TO”. USE PAST OR PRESENT SIMPLE.
A GOOD _______ HAS TO…

A good student
A GOOD _______ HAS TO…

A good parent
A GOOD _______ HAS TO…

A good doctor
GOOD _______ HAVE TO…

Good policemen
A GOOD _______ HAS TO…

A good friend
A GOOD _______ HAS TO…

A good teacher
 PAIR ACTIVITY:
1. Choose 5 occupations from the box below.
Accountant – architect – actor/actress – baker – butcher – carpenter – chef –
cleaner – dentist – doctor – electrician – engineer – farmer – fireman –
hairdresser – journalist – lawyer – model – nurse – pilot – photographer –
politician – policeman – secretary - translator – waiter/waitress
2. Make definitions according to what their obligations are.
3. Don’t write the name of the occupation.

Example:
A ____________ has to save people when there is fire emergency. / Answer: fireman.
___________ have to drive a plane and make people feel safe. / Answer: Pilots.

1. Swap your notebook with your classmate’s.

FINDING THINGS IN COMMON
1. We use So + auxiliary + I to agree with positive sentences  I really love travelling. So do
I.

2. We use Neither + auxiliary + I to agree with negative sentences  I don’t go out much.
Neither do I.

3. We use a positive form of an auxiliary to disagree with a negative sentence  I don’t like
cycling. Oh, I do.

4. We use a negative form of an auxiliary to disagree with a positive sentence  I am a

vegetarian. Oh, I am not.
REMEMBER!

LET’S PRACTICE!
I love reading science fiction novels.
I always get up late on the weekend.
I didn’t travel for my winter holidays.
I am usually sleepy in my morning classes
I have got a new a pet.
WRITING ACTIVITY:
What did you have to do when you were in school? Compare it with your life now.

1. Write a short paragraph (5 to 6 lines) using: have to/ had to / don’t have to /
didn’t have to. Talk about your obligations as a high school student v/s your
obligations now.
 WHAT SOUNDS BETTER?
1. I am wanting to live abroad for a while.
2. She wants to eat something sweet.
3. I cook my lunch every day.
4. Sarah is knowing the answer.
5. I don’t know what to do!
6. John is working on a new project.
READING:
TRUE OR FALSE?
1. Kevin is looking for his first job.
2. He reads the job adverts twice a week.
3. He’s working in his mother’s garden today.
4. George knows a lot about computers.
5. He lost his job two months ago.
6. He goes to a lot of interviews.
 PRESENT CONTINUOUS AND SIMPLE PRESENT

We use the Present Continuous for things that:

a) Are happening at the moment:
• Today he’s doing some gardening.
• I’m writing to tell you how it feels to be unemployed.
b) Are temporary and happening around now, but maybe not at the moment of speaking.
• Now he’s looking for his first job.
• I’m applying for every job I can.
We use the Present Simple for:
a) Daily routines and things we always/sometimes/never do:
• Today he’s doing some gardening.
• I’m writing to tell you how it feels to be unemployed.
b) Verbs that describes states (be, want, have got, think, etc):
• He needs a real job.
• People think I’m too old.
WHAT ARE ACTIVITY AND STATE VERBS?
STATE AND ACTIVITY VERBS:
Activity verbs:
play work write eat run do, etc.
STATE OR ACTIVITY VERBS?
WHAT ARE THEY DOING?
WHAT ARE THEY DOING? DESCRIBE THE PICTURES
LET’S PRACTICE: USE THE EITHER PRESENT SIMPLE OR PRESENT CONTINUOUS IN THE FOLLOWING
EXAMPLES.

(Play) I ____________ golf every weekend.

(Play) The children _______________ outside at the moment.
(Work) Haruka ____________ today.
(Work) You can’t borrow my lawnmower because it doesn’t ___________.
(Make) Smells good! What ________ you __________?
(Make) My husband never __________ me breakfast.
(Live) Pauline __________ in Hong Kong.
(Live)Do you still ________ with your parents?
PRACTICING: PRESENT SIMPLE AND PRESENT CONTINUOUS.
 EXTRA ACTIVITY.
1. Read about 5 different job offers.
2. Choose one according to your preferences and interests.
3. Write a short letter to apply for the position.
Consider:
 What you can offer.
 Your availability (how many hours you can work a week).
 Why you are the best option.
 Any other important info.
 POSTCARDS
1. imagine that you are writing a postcard
while you are sitting on the balcony of their
hotel room, on the beach or outside a café.
2. Use the Present Continuous to describe
what is happening at the moment you are
writing, and the Present Simple for the daily
routines on the holiday.