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• Water Sugars
• Carbohydrates Starches
• Fats Cellulose
• Protein
• Vitamins
• Minerals
5.01C Nutrients 2
These Nutrients Have Calories
• Proteins
• Carbohydrates
• Fats
5.01C Nutrients 3
Definition of a Calorie:
5.01C Nutrients 4
Calories per gram:
5.01C Nutrients 5
Variables which affect
nutrient needs:
1. Age
2. Gender
3. Activity Level
4. Climate
5. Health
6. State of nutrition
5.01C Nutrients 6
Key Nutrient: Water
5.01C Nutrients 7
Function
• Aids digestion and
cell growth and
maintenance
• Facilitates chemical
reactions
• Lubricates joints and
cells
• Regulates body
temperature
PPB5.01c_Nutrients
5.01C Nutrients 8
Sources
• Liquids
• Food
• Breakdown of energy
nutrients
PPB5.01c_Nutrients
5.01C Nutrients 9
Key Nutrient: Carbohydrates
PPB5.01c_Nutrients
5.01C Nutrients 10
Function
• Supplies the
energy
• Provides fiber
• Help the body
digest fats
5.01C Nutrients 11
Sources
• Sugars: honey, jam,
molasses, candy,
table sugar
• Fiber: fruits,
vegetables, whole
grains
• Starch: breads,
cereals, pasta
5.01C Nutrients 12
Key Nutrient: Fats
5.01C Nutrients 13
Function
• Supply energy
• Carry fat-soluble
vitamins
• Insulate the body
• Protect organs
• Provide essential
fatty acids
5.01C Nutrients 14
Sources
Types of Fats
• Saturated: dairy products,
meats, lard, coconut and
palm oils
• Unsaturated: fish, nuts,
vegetable oils
5.01C Nutrients 15
Cholesterol
5.01C Nutrients 16
Key Nutrient: Proteins
5.01C Nutrients 17
Functions
5.01C Nutrients 18
Sources
Complete proteins:
• dairy products, eggs,
fish, meat and
poultry.
Incomplete proteins:
• beans, grains and
nuts.
5.01C Nutrients 19
Key Nutrient: Vitamins
5.01C Nutrients 20
Function
Vitamins are divided into two main groups.
Fat-soluble vitamins
• dissolve in fats
• are stored in fatty tissues of the body
Water-soluble vitamins
• dissolve in water
• are not stored in the body
5.01C Nutrients 21
Fat-Soluble Vitamins
Nutrient Functions Sources
Vitamin A Keeps skin and mucus Butter, dark green and yellow fruits
membranes healthy and vegetables, egg yolk, liver,
Prevents night blindness whole and fortified milk
Promotes growth
Vitamin D Builds strong bones and teeth Egg yolk; fortified butter,
margarine, and milk; the sun
Vitamin E Acts as an antioxidant to protect Eggs, liver, salad oils, whole grain
cell membranes cereals
5.01C Nutrients 22
Water-Soluble Vitamins
Nutrient Functions Sources
Vitamin C Keeps nervous system healthy Pork, whole grain breads and
(ascorbic acid) Releases energy from food cereals
Helps promote healthy gums and tissues
5.01C Nutrients 23
Key Nutrient: Minerals
Sodium Helps nerves and muscle function Salt, soy sauce, processed
foods and country ham
Iodine Promotes normal functioning of the Iodized salt and salt water
thyroid gland fish
5.01C Nutrients 25
Food For Thought
Avoid excesses of some vitamins and minerals.
To promote good nutrition and maintain good
health:
• Eat a variety of foods from the food guide
pyramid.
• Drink plenty of water
• Daily exercise