BASIC

OF HVAC
PREPARED BY: ENGR. MARK IVAN C. ESPINOSA
What is HVAC?
Heating, Ventilating & Air-Conditioning (HVAC)
Its goal is to provide thermal comfort, indoor air quality and air distribution.

Processes of HVAC
• Heating • Dehumidifying
• Cooling • Air Filtering
• Humidifying • Ventilating
Types of Cooling Systems

Floor Standing Cassette Type

 Window Type  Split
 Split

 Wall Mounted Split  Evaporative Cooler

 Types of Cooling Systems
VRF/VRV (non ducted)
Multi-Split AC
System VRF/VRV (ducted)

Chilled Water Water Cooled Chillers

System
Air-cooled Chillers
CENTRALIZED Iced Storage
AC SYSTEM Chiller System Roof Top Units (RTU)

Active Chilled Beams

Chilled Beams
Passive Chilled Beams
MULTI SPLIT SYSTEM
Multi split system can have multiple indoor units all connected
to the one outdoor unit
MULTI SPLIT SYSTEM
DUCTLESS MULTISPLIT
MULTI SPLIT SYSTEM
DUCTED MULTISPLIT
 MULTI SPLIT SYSTEM
VRF & VRV Technology
Variable refrigerant flow (VRF), also known as variable refrigerant volume (VRV) vary the
flow of refrigerant to indoor units based on demand

The outdoor unit has one or more compressors that are inverter driven, so their speed can be
varied by changing the frequency of the power supply to the compressor.

Each indoor fan coil unit has its own metering device that is controlled by the indoor unit itself,
or by the outdoor unit.
 CHILLED WATER SYSTEM
Chilled water system is a commodity often used to cool a building's air and equipment, especially in situations
where many individual rooms must be controlled separately, such as a hotel.
 WATER COOLED CHILLERS
COOLING
TOWER

CONDENSER AIR HANDLING

WATER UNIT (AHU)
PUMP

CHILLED
WATER PUMP

CHILLER
 WATER COOLED CHILLERS
 CHILLER
 WATER COOLED CHILLERS
 AIR HANDLING UNIT
 WATER COOLED CHILLERS
 AIR HANDLING UNIT

So where do we find Air handling units?

 CHILLED WATER SYSTEM
 AIR HANDLING UNIT

Dampers Return
Blowers

Grills
Supply
Blowers

Pressure
Sensor
Heating
Cooling
Filters Coil
Coil
 CHILLED WATER SYSTEM
 AIR HANDLING UNIT
 CHILLED WATER SYSTEM
 COOLING TOWER
 WATER COOLED CHILLERS
 COOLING TOWER
Natural Draft
Based on Air Draft Forced Draft
Mechanical Draft
Induced Draft

CLASSIFICATIONS Close Loop

OF COOLING Based on Loop Type
TOWER Open Loop

Cross Flow
Based on Airflow
Counter Flow
 WATER COOLED CHILLERS
Based on Air Draft:
Natural Draft Mechanical Draft

Induced Draft Forced Draft

AIR COOLED CHILLERS
 WATER COOLED CHILLERS
Based on Loop Type:
Close Loop Open Loop
 WATER COOLED CHILLERS
Based on Air flow:

Counter Flow Cross Flow

ROOF TOP UNITS (RTU)

Common Air-Cooled Chiller Roof Top Units

ROOF TOP UNITS (RTU)
ICED STORAGE CHILLER SYSTEM
CHILLED BEAMS
END.