North Atlantic Treaty

Organization (NATO)
GROUP 5
LOGO
Symbolism

 The colors of the flag carry cultural, political, and

regional meanings.
 The dark blue field represents the Atlantic Ocean,
while the circle stands for unity among the member
states of NATO.
 The circle symbolizes the direction towards the
direction towards the path of peace, the goal that
member states strives for; it has been updated once
Gen. Dwight Eisenhower in front of
the first flag of NATO, Oct. 8,1951

Flag of Supreme Headquarters

Allied Powers Europe, used by
NATO from 1951 to 1953
North Atlantic Treaty Organization
FOUNDED: APRIL 4, 1949, WASHINGTON D.C.,
UNITED STATES
HEADQUARTERS: BRUSSELS, BELGIUM
SUPREME ALLIED LEADER: CURTIS SCAPAROTTI
LEADERS: CURTIS SCAPAROTTI, JENS STOLTENBERG, PETER PAVL
History

 Signing of Brussels Treaty in March, 1948.

 Their treaty provided collective defense; if any one of
these nations was attacked, the others were bound to
help defend it.
 European Recovery Program, or Marshall Plan, not only
facilitated European economic integration but promoted
the idea of shared interests and cooperation between the
United States and Europe.
 The North Atlantic Treaty Organization was
created in 1949 by the United States, Canada,
and several Western European nations to
provide collective security against the Soviet
Union.

 NATO was the first peacetime military alliance

the United States entered into outside of the
Western Hemisphere.
 GOAL

 NATO's mission is to protect the freedom of its members.

 NATO's second purpose is to protect the stability of the

region.

 POLITICAL - NATO promotes democratic values and

enables members to consult and cooperate on defense
and security-related issues to solve problems, build trust
and, in the long run, prevent conflict.
 MILITARY - NATO is committed to the peaceful
resolution of disputes. If diplomatic efforts fail, it
has the military power to undertake crisis-
management operations. These are carried out
under the collective defense clause of NATO's
founding treaty - Article 5 of the Washington
Treaty or under a United Nations mandate,
alone or in cooperation with other countries
and international organizations.
 ACHIEVEMENTS
 NATO won the Cold War
-Which was caused by the launching of Iron Curtains across the
European Continent
 NATO is also leading a training mission in Iraq, -supporting the African
Union and conducting Air Policing Mission on the request of its allies.
 NATO role in KOSOVO
-NATO has been leading a Peace Support Operation in Kosovo
since June 1999.
 KFOR was established (KOSOVO)
-When NATO’s 78-Day Air Campaign against Milosevics Regime,
aimed at putting an end to
violence in Kosovo was over.
 NATO’s success in Libya
-NATO saves tens of thousands of Libyan lives, grounding Gaddhafi’s
Air Force, and watching Libya’s coast.
ACHIEVEMENTS (2017)

 On 24 January, NATO opened the NATO-Istanbul

Cooperation Initiative (ICI) Regional Centre in Kuwait.

 On 5 February, NATO Secretary General Jens

Stoltenberg and US President Donald Trump spoke by
phone. Topics of discussion during the call included
NATO defense spending and the need to ensure fair
burden-sharing amongst NATO members.

 On 6 March, NATO condemned North Korea’s latest

ballistic missile tests, calling the tests “especially
provocative,” as the missiles landed in Japanese
territorial water
 On 30 and 31 March, NATO Foreign Ministers met at NATO headquarters in
Brussels, Belgium. Topics included terrorism, the situations in Ukraine and
Afghanistan, defense spending, and the upcoming May NATO summit.

 On 5 April, NATO Secretary General Jens Stoltenberg condemned the

alleged chemical weapons attack on Khan Shaykhun, Syria. He called the
attack barbaric and stated that the responsible parties must be held
accountable.

 On 7 April, NATO Secretary General Jens Stoltenberg released a statement

on the US air strikes against Shayrat Airfield in Syria. He stated that NATO
supports all international efforts to achieve peace and a political solution
in Syria.
 On 12 April, US President Donald Trump and NATO Secretary General Jens
Stoltenberg held a joint press conference at the White House. Both spoke
to the importance of the NATO alliance and working together to combat
common challenges.

 On 26 April, the exercise Locked Shields 2017 took place at the NATO
Cooperative Cyber Defence Centre of excellence in Tallinn, Estonia.
Locked Shields is the largest and most advanced cyber defense exercise
in the world, and takes place annually. The event involved 800 participants
from 25 NATO Allies and Partners. Experts defended a fictitious country
against more than 2,500 simulated cyber-attacks over the course of the
simulation.

 On 14 May, NATO condemned North Korea’s ballistic missile test which

took place earlier in the day.
 On 25 May, NATO Heads of State and/or Government gathered in
Brussels, Belgium to mark the handover of the new NATO
headquarters from Belgium to NATO. After the dedication
ceremonies, NATO leaders discussed the fight against terrorism and
how to ensure fairer burden-sharing among NATO members.
Secretary General Jens Stoltenberg announced that NATO will
become a full member of the Global Coalition to Defeat ISIS.
 On 29 and 30 May, Finland hosted the 13th Annual NATO
Conference on WMD Arms Control, Disarmament, and Non-
proliferation. Topics of discussion included chemical weapons use
in Syria, North Korean nuclear and missile proliferation, and the UN
nuclear weapons ban treaty negotiations.
 Qualifications :

 Any European country in a position to further the

principles of the Washington Treaty and contribute
to security in the Euro-Atlantic area can become a
member of the Alliance at the invitation of the
North Atlantic Council.

 Countries aspiring for NATO membership are also

expected to meet certain political, economic and
military goals in order to ensure that they will
become contributors to Alliance security as well as
beneficiaries of it.
NATO membership is potentially open to all of Europe's emerging
democracies that share the alliance's values and are ready to meet the
obligations of membership.

We have made clear that, at a minimum, candidates for membership

must meet the following five requirements:
--New members must uphold democracy, including tolerating diversity.
--New members must be making progress toward a market economy.
--Their military forces must be under firm civilian control.

--They must be good neighbors and respect sovereignty outside their

borders.
--They must be working toward compatibility with NATO forces.

Again, while these criteria are essential, they do not constitute a

checklist leading automatically to NATO membership.

New members must be invited by a consensus of current members.

Decisions to invite new members must take into
account the required ratification process in the
member states. In the case of the United States,
decisions are made in consultation with Congress.

The key determinant for any invitation to new

members is whether their admission to NATO will
strengthen the alliance and further the basic
objective of NATO enlargement, which is to increase
security and stability across Europe.
 How do they contribute to the
organization :

 Indirect – or national – contributions are the largest and

come, for instance, when a member volunteers
equipment or troops to a military operation and bears
the costs of the decision to do so.
 Direct contributions are made to finance requirements
of the Alliance that serve the interests of all 29 members
- and are not the responsibility of any single member -
such as NATO-wide air defense or command and
control systems. Costs are borne collectively, often using
the principle of common funding
 Funding:

 NATO sets an official target on how much they should spend. That
currently stands at 2% of GDP.

 The 2% target is described as a "guideline." (There is no penalty

for not meeting it.)
 How do countries fund NATO?

 Each of the 29 members contribute to those costs through an

agreed cost sharing formula based on the county’s gross domestic
product.

 As the member with the largest GDP, the U.S. contributed 22

percent of NATO’s common funding. Not far behind is Germany
with about 15 percent, then France and the United Kingdom with
about 10 percent.
 With common costs of about $2.5 billion in 2017, the U.S. share of
about $550 million doesn’t change the picture, since Europe’s share
was a much larger $1.8 billion. That gap only weakens Trump’s
argument.
How much does NATO cost?
2017
 Principle of common funding, all 29 members contribute according to an
agreed cost-share formula, based on Gross National Income, which
represents a small percentage of each member’s defense budget.
 Joint funding which means that the participating countries can identify
the requirements, the priorities and the funding arrangements, but NATO
provides political and financial oversight.
 One’s advantage is another’s
disadvantage?
 NATO has an advantage for US as US can leverage EU resources for
its own national interest
 Divide and Conquer
 NATO has always been the turn of the US to divide Eurasia continent to conquer them one
by one

 NATO dictates the weapon system in favor of American arm sales

 EU countries lost many sovereign power to America
 NATO is American advantage and EU disadvantage

 It is one of the bases for Wall Street to monopoly world finance over Europe
 Strengths

 NATO has contributed to keeping Europe safe from

outside threats for seventy years.
 NATO has played a decisive role in preventing
European nations from threatening, dominating, or
making war on each other for seventy years.
 Because Europe has been relatively peaceful for so
long, most NATO member states have no conscript
armies to take young men away from their mundane
lives for a couple of years.
 The armies that used to be conspicuous parts of
every national culture in Europe are no longer so.
 Weaknesses

 Limited military strength

 There aren’t enough railroad carriages to transport tanks
 The troops have rapidly decreased after the Cold War. Instead of
23,000 soldiers, there are only 6,900 troops deployed at NATO’s
command posts. (Mons, Belgium, and in Brunsum)

 Border crossings are not regulated

 Change in mindset after the Crimea Annexation
 Europe is not the vast market for weapons and
munitions it used to be.
 Europeans take peace for granted and assume that
it the natural state of humanity. Learning their own
past should correct that error, but doesn’t.
 Weaknesses

 As elsewhere in the world, a perpetual state of

peace allows incompetent and corrupt politicians
to flourish without fear of foreign powers taking
advantage of their failure to lead.
 Citizens who should be choosing the representatives
who govern them as carefully as they choose their
pediatricians, lawyers, and surgeons don’t have to
take politics seriously. Many mistake politics for a
reality TV show and vote for entertaining political
hacks who administrate the government badly and
pander to the citizens so neither they or the citizens
have to take responsibility for their folly.