Fun with Calendars

By – Group 1
 About Algebra
• Algebra is a branch of mathematics dealing with symbols and the rules for
manipulating those symbols. In elementary algebra, those symbols (today
written as Latin and Greek letters) represent quantities without fixed values,
known as variables. Just as sentences describe relationships between
specific words, in algebra, equations describe relationships between
variables. Take the following example:
• I have two fields that total 1,800 square yards. Yields for each field are ⅔
gallon of grain per square yard and ½ gallon per square yard. The first field
gave 500 more gallons than the second. What are the areas of each field?
 About Patterns
• Pattern is an underlying structure that organizes surfaces or structures in a consistent,
regular manner. Pattern can be described as a repeating unit of shape or form, but it can
also be thought of as the "skeleton" that organizes the parts of a composition.
• Pattern exists in nature as well as in designed objects; it is useful to look at the parallels.
A Harvard biologist named Peter S. Stevens has published a book entitled "Patterns in
Nature" in which he claims that there are only a finite number of ways that patterns can
be structured. He starts with the idea of a grid as the foundation for any structure or
image.
• He presents a set of ways in which the points of a grid can be connected. These modes
of connection become classes of pattern, which he claims can be seen in any situation,
in nature and in made images, and from the microscopic to the cosmic scale.
Here is a calendar, which would be needed for
us in many activities .
 Activity 1, Question 1-
With a calendar, select any pair horizontally. Observe
the pattern between the numbers? Repeat process and
verify that this pattern is constant for any two
numbers horizontally?
For the horizontal pattern -
For Horizontal pattern, we will take
the 3rd Column.
So , we get numbers 7,14,21 and
28 .
We can see that all the numbers
come in the table of ‘7’.
7*1=7
7*2=14
7*3=21
7*4=28

So, the pattern in the horizontal way we selected is

that all the numbers come in the ‘Table of 7’
 Activity 1, Question 2-
Select any pair vertically? What can you say about the
pattern formed by numbers written vertically? Repeat
process and verify that this pattern is constant for any
two numbers vertically?
For the Vertical pattern -
For Vertical pattern also, we will take
the 3rd Row.
So , we get numbers
12,13,14,15,16,17 and 18 .
We can see that all the numbers are
consecutive .
12+1=13
13+1=14
14+1=15

So, the pattern in the vertical way we selected is

that all the numbers are consecutive.
Activity 1, Question 3-

Can you state reasons for answer 1 & 2 ?

 Reasons for the pattern-
• A calendar have a set of numbers set horizontally, vertically, or with a
column or a row in the terms of mathematical viewing.
• Because of the following reasons, it allows to have many patterns in it.
• That’s why we can observe the patterns in the answers of questions 1
and 2.
Activity 1, Question 4-
Now choose any square grid of 4 numbers (four numbers
together) .What can you say about these numbers?
Select few more such square and observe any pattern
formation.
For the Square grid pattern -
For square pattern , we will
take 16,17,23 and 24 .
We can see that ,
16+24=40
And,
17+23=40
So, If we add the numbers
in a slanted line we get the
same solution

So, the pattern in the square grid way we selected is that if we

add the numbers in a slanted line we get the same solution .
 Activity 2,
• Let other group members choose and square grid of numbers (they
should be hidden from you) and group will tell you the sum of all 4
numbers
• Your task is to guess the four numbers.
• Can you apply your mathematical knowledge to predict exact four
numbers, if so record your answer describing method used by you?
• Share your responses with class.
For this, let us take a square grid.

•I took the numbers

14,15,21 and 22.
• The sum of these
numbers is 72 .
• I took the sum and solved
it in the next slide .

More sums are- 80,84 and 20. Find the answers.

 • I assumed the 1st number as ‘x’.
• The next number would be ‘x+1’
• The 3rd number would be ‘x+7’
• And the last number would be ‘x+8’
• So our formulae for finding the numbers would be ‘x+x+1+x+7+x+8’.
• As I got the product 72 , I can say that ‘x+x+1+x+7+x+8=72’.

Answer, • Now, when I got the formulae, I simplified and got the answers as shown-
1. x+x+x+x++1+7+8=72
2. 4*x+16=72
3. 4x=72-16
4. 4x=56
5. x=56/4
6. x=14
• So, the first number is 14 .
• 2nd number is 14+1=15.
• 3rd number is 14+7=21.
• 4th number is 14+8=22.
 Activity 3,
Select the interest in the PBL-
Interest level Needs to Little interest Interest shown Very excited
show more
interest

Insight and ideas Needs to Tried to give some Some good ideas Interesting ideas given
think of ideas given
different
ideas
Application of concept Needs to Concept applied but Concept applied Good command on concept
revise the needs more correctly and its application
concept understanding
again
Participation/ involvement Needs to Participated in Active participation Enthusiastically participated
participate discussion seen
in discussion
 Answer,
• From my side I was Between ‘Interest Shown’ and ‘Very Exited’ column.
Interest level Needs to Little interest Interest shown Very excited
show more
interest

Insight and ideas Needs to Tried to give some ideas Some good ideas given Interesting ideas given
think of
different
ideas
Application of concept Needs to Concept applied but Concept applied Good command on concept and
revise the needs more correctly its application
concept again understanding

Participation/ involvement Needs to Participated in discussion Active participation Enthusiastically participated

participate in seen
discussion
 Thank you !
It was a great fun for doing this PBL and I learned a lot. Of course with the help of Ruchima Ma’am who had been
a guideline to me all the time. Thank you all of my teammates and especially Aarush, group captain, who gave me
many ideas to build this wonderful PPT . I also thank Ruchima Ma’am .