ANTELOPES

PRESENTED BY : TEHREEM AFZAL

ROLL NO : 044
PRESENTED TO : Dr. SHAGUFTA NIGHAT
Section Break
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INTRODUCTION
DISTRIBTION AND HABITAT
MORPHOLOGY
STATUS OF ANTELOPES
LIFESPAN
CONSERVATION
ANTELOPES IN PAKISTAN
• NILGAI
• INDIAN GAZELLE
 ANTELOPES
The antelope is a deer-like mammal found in Africa, Asia
and parts of the Americas. There are many different
species of antelope including the tiny Royal antelope that
stands at the height of a rabbit!

The antelope is one of the many medium-sized mammals holding

the African food chain together.

Several species of antelope have adapted to living in the mountains and

rocky outcrops, a few species of antelope have adapted to deserts (both
hot and cold),
 CLASSIFICATION

KINGDOM: ANIMALIA

PHYLUM : CHORDATA

CLASS : MAMMALIA

ORDER : ARTIODICTYLA

FAMILY : BOVIDEA

SPECIE : ANTELOCAPRA AMERICANA

 OF ANTELOPES
AFRICA
80% • More species of antelope are native to Africa
• 20-35 species co-occurring over much of East
Africa.
• Exclusively in savannahs

80% ASIA
10% • The Arabian Peninsula is home to the
Arabian oryx and Dorcas gazelle.
• India is home to the nilgai, chinkara,
blackbuck, Tibetan antelope, and four-
horned antelope
• While Russia and Central Asia have the
Tibetan antelope, and saiga.
• No antelope species is native to
Australia or Antarctica
 CHARACTERISTICS
Antelopes vary greatly in size. Not surprisingly for animals with long, slender yet powerful legs, many
antelopes have long strides and can run fast. Some (e.g. klipspringer)

HORNS :
• In most species, both sexes have horns, but those
of males tend to be larger.
• A number of species have hornless females
• In some species, the males and females have
A differently coloured pelages (e.g. blackbuck and
nyala).

D B LEGS
• Both dibatags and gerenuks habitually stand on their
C two hind legs to reach acacia and other tree foliage
E • Larger antelope, such as nilgai, elands, and kudus, are
capable of jumping 2.4 m (7.9 ft) or greater, although
their running speed is restricted by their greater mass.
STATUS OF ANTELOPES
• 25 species are rated by the IUCN as endangered such as
the dama gazelle and mountain nyala
• A number of subspecies are also endangered, including the
giant sable antelope and the mhorr gazelle.
• The saiga is hunted for its horns.
• The chiru or Tibetan antelope is hunted for its pelt, which is
used in making shahtoosh wool, used in shawls.
 LIFE SPAN

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LIFESPAN:
In captivity, wildebeest have lived beyond 20 years old, and
impalas have reached their late teens.
CONSERVATION THREATS
OF ANTELOPES One major threat to virtually all antelope is hunting, for
both horns and meat. However, culture and human
attitudes toward these animals vary.
• For example, in Sierra Leone, the royal
antelope Neotragus pygmaeus is rarely shot, but it
can get caught in snares set for duikers and other
hoofed animals.
• In Liberia, where it is regarded as cunning, there are
widespread taboos on the hunting or eating of the
royal antelope among the country’s ethnic groups. In
contrast, the royal antelope makes up a significant
part of the bushmeat trade .
 ENDANGERED

• Saigas are poached for their horns, which are highly valued in traditional Asian folk
remedies
• in 1994, there were about 1,350,000 saigas in Russia; today, there are a mere 65,000,
with very few males, since poachers, who are mainly interested in the horns, take only
the males.
 ANTELOPS IN PAKISTAN
Nilgai Antelope
( Boselaphus tragocamelus )

Local name: Nilgai (Urdu)

Description and Biology:

Body Length: 180-200 cm / 6-6.6 ft.

Shoulder Height: 120-150 cm / 4-5 ft.

Tail Length: 40-45 cm / 16-22 in.

Weight: 120-240 kg / 264-528 lb.

Description: The largest of the asian antelope, the nilgai was first
described by Pallas in 1766. The short coat is yellow-brown in females,
and gradually turns blue-grey in males as they mature.
• Erectable mane on the nape and back and a "hair pennant" in the
middle of the underside of the neck. There are white markings in the
form of cheek spots, edges of the lips, and a throat bib.
• The slender legs support a stocky body, which slopes downwards
towards the rear.
• The head is long and slender.
• Males have 20-25 cm / 8-10 inch long horns which are straight and
tilted slightly forwards.
 NILGAI ANTELOPE

• Reproduction:Weaning: By 10 months.
• Sexual Maturity: Around 18 months.
• Life span: Up to 21 years.
• Gestation Period: About 8 months.
• Young per Birth: Generally 2 (over 60% of births), sometimes 1 or 3.
• Mating :Breeding occurs throughout the year, but the peak of mating is December-
March, with the resulting calves born in September and October.
• Diet: Leaves, buds, grasses, fruit.
 HABITAT AND DISTRIBUTION

• The Nilgai's preferred habitat is grassy steppe and woodlands area.

• In Pakistan this Antelope is mainly found in extensive Desert regions, such as Cholistan in Punjab and
Thar in Sind.
• Today the Nilgai is mainly found along the Indo-Pak border in the eastern part of the country. Here they are
normaly found solitary.
• The Nilgai is also found in Changa Manga Plantation near Lahore.
• 220 Nilgai were counted in 1999 by the Sind Wildlife Department in the district of Tharparkar.
• Reintroduction programs are in place
A
D B
E C
 CHINKARA AND INDIAN GAZELLE
Chinkara or Indian Gazelle
( Gazella bennettii )

A Local name: Hiran (Urdu)

D B Shoulder Height: 65cm. .

E C Weight: 23kg.
 DESCRIPTION
• In summer coat, the Indian Gazelle is of warm biscuit,
• In winter coat the white belly and throat fur is smooth .
• The tail is medium long and covered with a dorsal crest of black hairs
• The sides of the face are also patterned with broad dark chestnut
stripes
• The average horn length of males is 25.5-30.5 cm (10-12 in)
measured over the curve, with record horns reaching just over 39cm
(15.5in).
 CHINKARA
• Reproduction:
• Weaning: At about two months.
• Sexual Maturity: At two years of age.
• Life span: Unknown.
• Gestation Period: About five to five and a half months.
• Young per Birth: Generally 1, but twins have been reported quite frequently.
• In Pakistan, the rut appears it occur in two seasons, one lasting from the end of monsoon
up to early October and again in the late Spring from March to the end of April.
• The births occur mainly in April.
• Diet: various bushes and green twigs. They also take leaves of different plants and can go
without water for days.
 HABITAT AND DISTRIBUTION
• A very adaptable animal , it seems to be able to exist in extensive sand-dune areas

down to sea level as well as in stony plateaus and low hilly regions up to 1,500m

elevation.

• The Chinkara is now rare in the Thal desert. They survive in good numbers in Sibi

plains, Mekran, Turbat and Lasbela in Baluchistan. They are also found in Kirthar hills

and also in Margalla hills A

D B
E C
Thank you