ANATOMY OF THE EDENTULOUS RIDGE

IN THE MAXILLA AND MANDIBLE IS

VERY IMPORTANT FOR THE DESIGN OF
COMPLETE DENTURE. CONSISTENCY OF
THE MUCOSA AND ARCHITECTURE OF
THE UNDERLYING BONE IS DIFFERENT
IN VARIOUS PARTS OF EDENTULOUS
RIDGE.HENCE SOME PART OF THE
RIDGE IS CAPABLE OF WITHSTANDING
MORE FORCES THAN OTHER AREA.
 MUCOUS MEMBERANE

ORAL CAVITY IS LINED BY ORAL MUCOSA .

IT CONSIST OF TWO LAYERS.

1.MUCOSA
2.SUBMUCOSA

MUCOSA HAS KERATINISED SQUAMOUS EPITHELIUM ,

STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS EPITHELIUM .

SUBMUCOSA RESPONSIBLE FOR SUPPORTING THE

DENTUREIT VARIES IN THICKNESS AND CONSISTENCY.
• LIMITING STRUCTURES

• SUPPORTING STRUCTURE

• RELIEF AREA
 LIMITING STRUCTURES

LABIAL FRENUM

LABIAL VESTIBULE

BUCCAL FRENUM

BUCCAL VESTIBULE

HAMULAR NOTCH

POSTERIOR PALATAL SEAL AREA

 LABIAL FRENUM
IT APPEARS AS A FOLD OF MUCOUS MEMBERANE

IT EXTENDS FROM THE MUCOUS LINING OF MUCOUS

MEMBERANE OF LIPS TO OR TOWARS THE CREST OF THE
RESIDUAL RIDGE ON THE LABIAL SURFACE

IT CAN BE NARROW OR BROAD

IT MAY BE SINGLE OR MULTIPLE

IT HAS NO MUSCLE FIBERS OF SIGNIFICANCE

 LABIAL VESTIBULE / LABIAL FLANGE

IT EXTENDS ON BOTH SIDES FROM LABIAL FRENUM TO

BUCCAL FRENUM

IT IS DIVIDED INTO TWO COMPARTMENTS BY LABIAL

FRENUM,NAMELY RIGHT AND LEFT

THE TONE OF ORBICULARIS ORIS MUSCLE DEPENDS ON

THE SUPPORT RECEIVED FROM THE LABIAL FLANGE OF
THE DENTURE AND POSITION OF ARTIFICIAL TEETH

VESTIBULE IS COVERED BY LINIG OF MUCOSA

 BUCCAL FRENUM
IT EXTENDS FROM BUCCAL MUCOSAL MEMBERANE AND
SEPERATES THE LABIAL AND BUCCAL VESTIBULE

LEVATOR ANGULI ORIS – ATTACHES BENEATH THE

FRENUM

ORBICULARIS ORIS – PULL THE FRENUM IN A FORWARD

DIRECTION

BUCCINATOR – PULL THE FRENUM IN THE BACKWARD

DIRECTION

GREATER CLEARANCE IS NEEDED ON THE BUCCAL

FLANGE OF DENTURE
 BUCCAL VESTIBULE

IT EXTENDS FROM THE BUCCAL FRENUM ANTERIORLY

TO THE HAMULAR NOTCH POSTERIORLY

IT IS BOUND EXTERNALLY BY THE CHEEK AND

INTERNALLY BY RESIDUAL RDGE

DISTAL END OF THE DENTURE SHOULD BE ADJUSTED IN

SUCH A WAY THAT THERE IS NO INTERFERENCE TO THE
CORONOID PROCESS DURING OPENING OF MOUTH

SIZE OF THE BUCCAL VESTIBULE VARIES

 HAMULAR NOTCH
IT IS A DEPRESSION SITUATED BETWEEN MAXILLARY
TUBEROSITY AND HAMULUS OF MEDIAL PTERYGOID
PLATE

IT IS A SOFT AREA OF LOOSE AREOLAR TISSUE

PTERYGOMANDIBULAR LIGAMENT ATTACHES TO THE

HAMULUS

THE DENTURE BORDER EXTENDS TO THE HAMULAR

NOTCH OR ELSE THERE IS PAIN DURING DENTURE WEAR

TISSUE IN THIS AREA CAN BE SAFELY DISPLACED TO

ACHIEVE POSTERIOR PALATAL SEAL
 POSTERIOR PALATAL SEAL AREA

IS DISTAL TO THE JUNCTION OF HARD AND SOFT

ALATE

BRATING LINE- AREA AT THE JUNCTION OF HARD AND

OFT PALATE

OSTERIOR EXTENSION OF THE POSTERIOR PALATAL SEAL

DETERMINED BY THE VIBRATING LINES

UNCTIONS
AIDS IN RETENTION
REDUCES THE TENDENCY OF GAG REFLEX
PREVENT FOOD ACCUMULATION
COMPENSATE FOR POLYMERIZATION SHRINKAGE
 POSTERIOR PALATAL SEAL AREA

PTERYGOMAXILARY SEAL POST PALATAL SEAL

IT EXTENDS BETWEEN
EXTENDS 3-4mm ANTERO TWO MAXILLARY
LATERALLY ACROSS THE TUBEROSITIES
HAMULAR NOTCH
 SUPPORTING STRUCTURES
PRIMARY STRESS BEARING AREAS
HARD PALATE
POSTEROLATERAL SLOPES OF
THE RESIDUAL ALVEOLAR RIDGE

SECONDARY STRESS BEARING AREAS

RUGAE
MAXILLARY TUBEROSITY/ALVEOLAR TUBERCLE
 HARD PALATE

ANTERIOR REGION-FORMED BY THE PALATINE SHELVES

OF THE MAXLLARY BONE WHICH MEET AT THE CENTER
TO FORM THE MEDIAN SUTURE

POSTERIOR REGION –THE HORIZONTAL PLATE OF THE

PALATINE BONE

SUBMUCOSA IN THE MIDPALATINE SUTURE IS EXTREMELY

THIN

HORIZONTAL PORTION OF THE HARD PALATELATERAL TO

THE MIDLINE ACT AS PRIMARY SUPPORT AREA

RUGAE AREA ACT AS SECONDARY SUPPORT AREA

 RESIDUAL RIDGE

PORTION OF THE ALVEOLAR RIDGE AND ITS SOFT TISSUE

COVERINGWHICH REMAINS FOLLOWING THE REMOVAL OF
TEETH

POSTEROLATERAL PORTION-IS THE PRIMARY STRESS

BEARING AREA

CREST OF RIDGE IS THE SECONDARY STRESS BEARING

AREA

SUBMUCOSA OVER RIDGE HAS ADEQUATE RESILENCY TO

SUPPORT THE DENTURE
 RUGAE
THEY ARE WASTE AREAS OF DENSE CONNECTIVE TISSUE
RADIATING FROM THE MEDIAN SUTURE IN THE ANTERIOR
ONE THIRD OF THE PALATE

IT IS A SECONDARY SUPPORT AREA

IT RESIST ANTERIOR DISPLACEMENT OF DENTURE

THE FOLDS OF THE MUCOSA PLAYS AN IMPORTANT ROLE

IN SPEECH
 MAILLARY TUBEROSITY

IT IS THE BULBOUS EXTENSION OF THE RESIDUAL RIDGE

IN THE SECOND AND THIRD MOLAR REGION

THEY ARE LEAST LIKELY TO RESORB

A ROUGH PROMINENCE BEHIND THE POSITION OF THE LAST

TOOTH IS CALLED ALVEOLAR TUBERCLE
 RELIEF AREA

INCISIVE PAPILLA

CUSPID EMINENCE

MID PALATINE RAPHE

FOVEA PALATINA
 INCISIVE PAPILLA

MIDLINE STRUCTURE SITUATED BEHIND THE CENTRAL

INCISORS

IT IS THE EXIT POINT OF NASOPALATINE NERVE OR

VESSEL

IT SHOULD BE RELIEVED IF NOT THE DENTURE WILL

COMPRESS THE VESSELS OR NERVES AND LEAD TO
NECROSIS OF THE DISTRIBUTING AREAS AND PARAESTHESIA
OF ANTERIOR PALATE
 CUSPID EMINENCE

IT IS A BONY ELEVATION ON THE RESIDUAL ALVEOLAR

FORMED AFTER THE EXTRACTION OF CANINE

IT IS LOCATED BEWEEN THE CANINE AND FIRST PREMOLAR

REGION
 MID PALATINE RAPHE
AREA EXTENDING FROM INCISIVE PAPILLA TO THE DISTAL
END OF HARD PALATE

THE MUCOSA OVER THIS AREA IS USUALLY TIGHTLY

ATTACHEDTO AND THIN ,UNDERLYING BONY UNION BEING
VERY DENSE AND RAISED

THE PALATAL TORUS IS LOCATED HERE IF PRESENT

THIS AREA IS SENSITIVE PART OF THE PALATE TO PRESSURE

IT SHOULD BE RELIEVED DURING DENTURE FABRICATION

 FOVEA PALATINA
FORMED BY COALESENCE OF THE DUCTS OF SEVERAL
MUCOUS GLANDS

THEY ARE USUALLY TWO IN NUMBER FORMED ONE ON

EACH SIDE OF MIDLINE AND SLIGHTLY POSTERIOR TO THE
JUNCTION OF HARD AND SOFT PALATE

IT ACT AS AN ARBITARY GUIDE TO LOCATE POSTERIOR

BORDER OF THE DENTURE

THE DENTURE CAN EXTEND 1-2mm BEYOND THE FOVEA

PALATINA

AIDS IN RETENTION
FIND OUT??????