statements

that
affirm or
refute a claim
 To
is to prove
affirm . that something is true
by providing additional
. .
information. Statements that
usually affirm use the following:
To affirm . .
.Statements that usually affirm use the following:
Am/Is/Are
I am . . .
He/She/It is . . .
They/We are . . .
To affirm . .
.
Example:
Jeff is a good employee.
He is always on time, works very
hard, and never complains.
To affirm . .
.Statements that usually affirm use the following:
Can
I/He/She/It/They/We can . . .
To affirm . .
.
Example:
Bella is a good cook. She can
prepare Filipino, Chinese, Italian,
and even French dishes.
To affirm . .
.Statements that usually affirm use the following:
Do
I/They/We do . . .
He/She/It does . . .
To affirm . .
.
Example:
Pepito’s family is very active in the
community. They do fundraising
events and other community
services.
To affirm . .
.Statements that usually affirm use the following:
Will
I/He/She/It/They/We will . . .
To affirm . .
.Example:
Dogs are man’s best friend. They will
always be around to entertain you, to
comfort you when you are sad, and
even protect you when they feel you
are in danger.
 To
refute .
is to show evidence that something is
false. To do this, you should state some
. .
facts that disprove the claim. Clues for this
kind of statements are similar to the clues
for statements that affirm.
 To
The difference is that statements that
refute .
refute make use of the word not.
Although some statements may have
. .
these clues, statements may also refute
without making use of the word not.
To refute . .
.Example:
I am not . . .
It cannot . . . /It can’t . . .
It does not . . ./It doesn’t . . .
They will not . . ./They won’t . . .
To refute . .
.
Example:
There is one more thing to remember
about the clues: pronouns may be
replaced by nouns and vice versa.
Instead of saying He is . . . The author
might use a person’s name, for
example, James is . . .
QUIZ
1.
To _____ means to prove
that something is true by
providing additional
information.
2.
To _____ means to
show evidence that
something is false.
3.
In statements that affirm
or refute, pronouns may
be replaced by _____.
 Which of the following states how you can
4. prove that something is true?
A.

B.

C.

D.
 Which
5. of the following is not true about
affirming or refuting claims?
A.

B.

C.

D.
6. The only way to learn a foreign language is
to visit the country where it is spoken.
Which of the following affirms the statement above?

A.

B.

C.

D.
 Made of 95 percent aloe vera, XYZY aloe vera gel
7. is the best of its kind in the market, offering a
product with the highest aloe vera concentration.
Which of the following affirms the statement above?

A.

B.

C.

D.
8. Nicholas wants to prove that what Will just
told him is untrue.
Which of the following will help him do that?

A.

B.

C.

D.
9. Jake is the strongest
in our class.
Compose a statement that affirm OR refute based
on the claim above.
 In which of the following pairs of sentences
10 does the second sentence fail to affirm the first
sentence?
. A.
B.

C.

D.