THE COLD WAR

PREPARED BY: MARY JANE VILLAFUERTE

 Rivalries between these two super-
powers created an atmosphere of
crises and tension.
The United States government
adopted policies designed to control
the spread of communism both in
Europe and elsewhere.
 The Atlantic Charter
 Declaration of the Atlantic Charter on August 14, 1941.
 The UNITED States and Great Britain started to draft this agreement.
 They recognized that citizen should be free to select their own mode of governance
and that each nation has the right to be free from foreign domination.
 The Charter has eight (8) principles.
1. No territorial aggression.
2. No territorial change w/out the consent of the people.
3. Self –government to all people.
4. Equal access to raw materials for all countries.
5. World economic cooperation
6. Freedom from fear and want.
7. Freedom from the sea.
8. Worldwide disarmament.
The United Nation
United Nation was formed to promote world peace
and to avoid another war.
It was established in April, 1945
United Nation Charter contains the goal , foundation
and skeleton of the United Nation as a global
organization.
United Nation Charter was formally signed by Big
Five on June 26, 1945.
COLD WAR TENSION DEVELOP
 World war II ended in the summer of
1945, the center of world power was
no longer western Europe.
 The United States and the soviet union
emerged as the two strongest nations in
the post war.
 In the post war years the rivalry and
suspicion between the United States
and the Soviet Union intensified.
 By 1945, therefore ,the United States was
the acknowledged leader ,politically and
economically of the Western nations.
 Of all nations involved in the war , the
Soviet Union had suffered the greatest
losses.
 USSR had the largest army in the world,
hardened by nearly four years combat. Stalin
(dictator of the USSR) feared another war.
Communist governments are established:
 By the late 1940 Communist controlled
the government in Bulgaria , Hungary
and Rumania.
 The Allies supported Tito’s formation of
a Communist government in 1945.
 The Soviet Union soon set about
stopping contacts between its satellites
and the western nations.
 The “ Iron Curtains” separates Eastern
European from the West.
 The United states and the Western
European countries viewed these
development with growing uneasiness.
 In 1945, Stalin demanded that turkey allow
Soviet Union to set up military bases along the
straits between the black sea and the Aegean sea.
 1947 the British government realized it could no
longer afford such aid.
 President HARRY TRUMAN
 He announced a new American foreign policy, which came to
be known as the Truman Doctrine.
 He asked that military and economic aid be sent to Greece and
turkey.
 Truman Doctrine became the basis of the cold war policy
known as “ containment Doctrine”.
The United states, offered its help in the
rebuilding of Europe.
 In June ,1947, Secretary of the State
George C. Marshall proposed a generous
program of economic assistance for Europe.
 “ Our policy is directed not against any
country or doctrine but against hunger,
poverty, desperation and chaos.
Czechoslovakia falls to Communist control.
By June 1948, Czechoslovakia was firmly under
control by Soviet Control.
 Yugoslovia resists Soviet domination.
During 1948, relations between the Soviet Union
and Yugoslovia grew steadily worse.
The western European nations agree to a defense
treaty.
 Brussel treaty- mutual defense pact, 50 year
agreement.
In, 1948 East and West came into direct conflict
in occupied Germany.
June 14,1948 Soviet troops blocked all roads,
railroads and waterways linking West Berlin to
the West Zone.
 Berlin Airlift- American and British cargo plane.
May 1949 Stalin ended it.
Division of
Germany
 Division of Germany
 After the Germany defeated in World War II control over and divided by 4
countries.
 In the middle of 1947 the US and Great Britain decided to consolidate their
German territories.
 United states , France and Great Britain managed to convinced the Soviet
Union to divide Berlin and Germany’s capital.
 Germany remained the center of Cold War.
 The Federal Republic of Germany(West Germany) was to be Parliamentary
Democracy.
 Soviet Union installed a Communist regime in their zone, creating the German
Democratic Republic (East Germany).
 NATO( NORTH ATLANTIC TREATY ORGANIZATION) Signed April
1949.

 THANKY YOU!!!!!
MAGICAL EVENING TO ALL!!!