Vibration

Insulation
Problem
Application of Second Order
Ordinary Differential Equation
Members:
Gatla, Jylah Mariz A.
Las Piñas, John Cyruz B.
Mati, Kamille R.
Nazareth, Nathaniel M.
 Vibration Insulation Problem

Passive isolation systems are sometimes used to insulate delicate equipment

from unwanted vibrations. A simple physical model for such a system is
shown in the figure, where the mountings are modeled as an equivalent linear
spring with spring constant k, the combined mass of the platform and
equipment is m, and viscous damping with damping coefficient γ is assumed.
Assume also that only vertical motion occurs. In this project, we use this
model to illustrate an important fundamental
principle in the design of a passive isolation system.

Reference: WileyPlus: Boyce/DiPrima/Meade, Elementary Differential Equations with Boundary Value Problems, 11e
 Question 1
 
Denote by y(t) the displacement of the platform from its equilibrium position relative to a fixed frame of
reference. Relative to the same fixed reference frame, let u(t) represent the displacement of the plant floor
from its equilibrium position. Show that the differential equation for the motion of the platform is

where and is a dimensionless parameter known as the viscous damping ratio.

Reference: WileyPlus: Boyce/DiPrima/Meade, Elementary Differential Equations with Boundary Value Problems, 11e
 Solution 1
 
Apply Newton’s Second Law of Motion:

Note that y – u is the total displacement of the set-up between the equipment and the floor since u is
lessened in y. Thus the equation will be:
 Solution 1
 
Given that:
→ →
→ → → →

𝑦  +2  ζ   { ω} rsub {0 } 𝑦 ′ + {ω} rsub {0} rsup {2} 𝑦 = 2 ζ { ω} rsub {0 } 𝑢 ′ + {ω} rsub {0} rsup {2}   �
 Question 2
 
Denote by G(iω) the frequency response of Eq. (i), that is, the ratio of the steady-state response to the
harmonic input u(t) = . The transmissibility TR of the platform mounting system is then defined to be the
corresponding gain function, TR = |G(iω)|. Show that TR can be expressed as

Reference: WileyPlus: Boyce/DiPrima/Meade, Elementary Differential Equations with Boundary Value Problems, 11e
 Solution 2
 
Given that:

Manipulating the x0 equation we get,

 Solution 2
 But,

So,

Other way or a more expand form of derivation is from Displacement Ratios,

 Solution 2
 Substitute those 3 equations to
Hence,

Squaring both Eq. 1 and Eq. 2 we get,

Therefore,
 Solution 2
 Since and

2
  𝜔

𝑇 𝑅=
√ 1 + (2 𝜁

2 2
𝜔0
)

2
𝜔 𝜔
√ (1 −(
𝜔0
) ) +(2 𝜁
𝜔0
)
 Question 3

 
Plot the graphs of TR versus the dimensionless ratio ω/ω0 for ζ = 0.1, 0.5, 1, 2. For what values of ω/
is TR = 1? Explain why the graphs imply that it is desirable that the mountings have a low natural
frequency in order to isolate the vibration source from the equipment platform, and that using low-
stiffness isolators is one way to achieve this.

Reference: WileyPlus: Boyce/DiPrima/Meade, Elementary Differential Equations with Boundary Value Problems, 11e
 Solution 3
Source Code Output (Graph)
Solution 3

Legend (ζ) :

Blue = 0.1

Red = 0.5

Orange = 1

Violet = 2
 Question 4

The vibrations in the floor of an industrial plant lie in the range 16–75 Hz. The combined mass of the
equipment and platform is 38 kg, and the viscous damping ratio of the suspension is 0.2. Find the maximum
value of the spring stiffness if the amplitude of the transmitted vibration is to be less than 10% of the
amplitude of the floor vibration over the given frequency range.

Reference: WileyPlus: Boyce/DiPrima/Meade, Elementary Differential Equations with Boundary Value Problems, 11e
 Solution 4
 The governing differential Equation of motion for the system is

Taking Laplace Transform Equation;

The transfer function (T) of the System is:

to obtain the Frequency response function, we put

where, is the frequency ratio and is the damping ratio

 Solution 4
 since

In simplified form,
 Solution 4
For more accurate data we plot the transmissibility T against the frequency ratio r, using equation T(ω) for ζ=0.2
 Solution 4
 As observe in the plot
, the transmissibility is less than 1, thus for isolation purposes the operation region is
Based on the problem, the observation that for r > 4.72, T < 0.1, thus it need to be in the region r > 4.72
The natural frequency calculated using the lowermost range of working frequency will ensure that condition must
satisfied for the entire working frequency range of floor vibration.

The stiffness of the spring can now be calculated as follows:

 Question 5

Test the results of your design strategy for the situation described in Problem 4 by performing several
numerical simulations of Eq. (i) in Problem 1 using various values of k as well as various input frequencies
while holding the value of ζ fixed. For each simulation, plot the input u(t) and the response y(t) on the same
set of coordinate axes.Dothe numerical simulations support your theoretical results?

Reference: WileyPlus: Boyce/DiPrima/Meade, Elementary Differential Equations with Boundary Value Problems, 11e
Solution 5
Solution 5
Solution 5
Solution 5
Solution 5
Solution 5
Solution 5