Pertemuan 09

Kebutuhan Sistem

Matakuliah : T0234 / Sistem Informasi Geografis

Tahun : 2005
Versi : 01/revisi 1
 Learning Outcomes

Pada akhir pertemuan ini, diharapkan mahasiswa

akan mampu :
 Merumuskan kebutuhan-kebutuhan atas Sistem

Informasi Geografis (C2, TIK09)

 Outline Materi

 Materi 1 : Problem Identification

 Materi 2 : Rich Picture

 Materi 3 : Root Definition

 Problem Identification
 The problem that the GIS will address must be
identified
 There are 2 techniques that can be used to
assist problem identification : creating a rich
picture or developing a root definition.
 Both these 2 techniques are drawn from the
soft system approach (Checkland, 1981; Wood-
Harper et al., 1995) to system design.
 Rich Picture
Schematic view of the problem a project will address.
It presents the main components of the problem, as well as any
interactions that exist.
Adopted from Avison & Wood-Harper (1991), Reeve (1996), and
Skidmore & Wroe (1998)
These include the use of :
a. Crossed Swords : expresses conflict
b. Eyes : represent external observers
c. Speech Bubbles : personal or group opinions
(See a sample in the next picture)
Analisis kebutuhan sistem
 Root Definition (1)
* A statement of an individual's or group's perspective on the
problem.
* Different users have different views of a problem. In the house-
hunting GIS,the views of groups involved in the design process
might be quite different and lead to a degree of conflict.
* For example, home buyers may see the GIS as "a system to help
identify and rank possible homes", whereas the estate agents
may see it as"a system to help maximize house sales".
 Root Definition (2)
These two statements are the root definitions of these particular
groups.
The system developer must get these two groups to agree on a
common root definition.
* For example, "a system that identifies properties for sale
which meet the requirements of individual home buyers".
 Problem Identification : Questions

 What is the problem you wish to address with GIS ? Is the

problem structured or un structured ?
 Can the problem be summarized in a rich picture ? Does the
rich picture include the views of all those who will use the GIS
and all those who will be affected by it ?
 Can a single root definition be defined for the problem ? Is this
root definition acceptable to all potential users and those who
will be affected by the GIS ?
 Can the problem be tackled within the resources available ?
Would it be better to break the problem into smaller component
parts and tackle one of these first ?
 Penutup
 Mahasiswa diharapkan telah mampu
merumuskan kebutuhan-kebutuhan atas Sistem
Informasi Geografis dengan menggunakan Rich
Pictures & Root Definition.