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h The WHO expert committee defines mental health as µit
is a state of wellbeing in which an individual
realizes his or her own abilities, can work
productively & fruitfully& is able to make a
contribution to his or her community.´

h Text book of PSM-Sunderlal

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át is not merely absence of Mental illness.

Mentally healthy person has three main characteristics-

- He feels comfortable about himself.

- He is able to communicate with persons.

- He is able to meet the demands of life .

Text book of PSM-K.Park-20th edition

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h   0 million persons suffering from Mental disorders

h Depressive disorders  th leading cause of Global disease
burden.
h Depression-121million(2001)
h Schizophrenia-2  million
h Alzeihmers-37 million
h Epilepsy- 0 million
h Substance abuse-Tobbaco-1.2 billion
h Alcohol-70 million
h Drug abuse- million
h Mental retardation- .3%
h Text book of PSM-Sunderlal
   

h 30-  Million persons are affected.

h Severe mental disorders- 37. % (2000)

h Mental retardation- .3% (2000)

h Epilepsy- . %(1998)

h Neuroses-16. % (2000)

h Alcohol/drug addiction -6.9% (2000)

h Text book of PSM-Sunderlal
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h Prevalence rates are high in urban areas except epilepsy &
hysteria.
h More common in females
h Age-3 -   years
h More common in Low-socio economic classes
h Social stigma prevalent
h Existing mental Health Services
h
Only 10% of mentally ill patients has access to
appropriate t/t.

h 0% Medical colleges have Psychiatry ward.

h 1bed:30,000 population.
     

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- Organic- dementia in Alzheimer's disease, delirium.

- Mental & behavioral disorders due to alcohol & substance

abuse.

- Cognitive disorder-Schizophrenia & delusional disorders

- Mood (Affective)-Mania & psychosis.

- Neurotic stress related & somatoform disorders-OCD,

Generalized anxiety disorder.
     

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- ehavioral disorders-Eating disorder, sleep disorder.

- Personality disorders-Paranoid personality, sexual disorder.

h Mental retardation & developmental disorders-Ex-autism.

- Organic conditions-Organic basis-cerebral atherosclerosis,

neoplasm, neurological disorders, metabolic & endocrine
diseases.

- Heredity-Ex- Schizophrenia.
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h Organic Conditions-CVA, Neoplasms,metabolic disorders
h Neuro-endocrinogical disorders-thyrotoxicosis
h Chronic conditions-
h T,Leprosy,epilepsy
h Heredity-Schizophrenia
h Social Pathological conditions-worries, anxiety,emotional
stress, tension, frustration, unhappy marriages, broken
homes, poverty.

h Text book of PSM-K.Park-20th edition

- Environmental factors-Toxic substances-poisonous gas
exposure, Hg, Pb exposure.
- Psychotropic drugs-Alcohol, barbiturates.
- Nutritional factors-Deficiency of Vit1,Pyridoxine.
- Mineral deficiency-Ex-áodine.
- Other factors.

- Text book of PSM-K.Park-20th edition

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- Primary prevention-To reduce the incidence of new cases
of Mental disorders.
- To promote emotional robustness specially among
vulnerable high risk groups.
- Ex-Universal áodization of Common Salt.
- ándustrial safety to prevent Pb & Hg exposure.
- Prevention of nutritional disorders like pellegra,beriberi

- Text book of PSM-K.Park-20th edition

- Text book of Community Medicine with recent advances-AH Suryakantha
- Early diagnosis T t/t of genetic disorders-Phenyl
ketonuria, hypo thyrodism, hydrocepahlus.

- Prevention, Early diagnosis & M/M-PáH,Syphilis,DM &

TORCH illness during pregnancy.

- General measure-TLC
- Personality development measures
- Youth welfare activities
- Social welfare

- Text book of Community Medicine with recent advances-AH Suryakantha

- Secondary-Early diagnosis & T/T of mental illness &
social & emotional disturbances through screening
programmes.
- Provision of Family based health facilities.
- Specific drug therapy.
- ECT
- General Measures- Yoga, meditation, relaxation therapy,
social support.

-Text book of PSM-K.Park-20th edition

-Text book of Community Medicine with recent advances-AH Suryakantha
h Tertiary prevention-Seeks to reduce duration of mental
illness, minimize disability & rehabilitate the patient thus
reduces the stresses they create for family & community.
h Measures²Day care programme
h Halfway homes
h Self help groups
h Family service programme
h ándustrial therapy centers
h Vocational training centers
h Rehabilitation in Family

- Text book of PSM-K.Park-20th edition

- Text book of Community Medicine with recent advances-AH Suryakantha
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- Early diagnosis & t/t.

- Rehabilitation
- Group & individual psychotherapy
- Mental education
- Use of modern psychoactive drugs
- After care services.

- Text book of PSM-K.Park-20th edition

h NMHP=National Mental Health
Programme-1982
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1.To ensure availability and accessibility of minimum mental
health care for all in the near foreseeable future,
particularly to the most vulnerable sections of the
population.

2. To encourage mental health knowledge and skills in

general health care and social development.

3. To promote community participation in mental health

service development and to develop self-help at the
Community level.
- Text book of PSM-Sunderlal
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- ántegration of Mental health with general health.

- Prevention & t/t of mental & neurological disorders &

their associated disabilities.

- Use of research findings in field of mental health to

improvise general health.

- Application of mental health principals in total national

development to improve quality of life.

- Text book of PSM-Sunderlal

   
NMHP



 



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- Primary health care approach as ³sheet anchor´ .

- Creation of appropriate referral system at various levels.

- Training & supervision of health workers at PHC¶s.

- Linking of mental hospital, colleges, teaching institution-

for education & research.

- Text book of PSM-Sunderlal

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- Community based rehabilitation of psychiatric patients.

- Counseling regarding principals of rehabilitation would be

provided by MO at PHC & by health workers &
volunteers at village levels.

- Establishing rehabilitation centre at district level.

- Text book of PSM-Sunderlal

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- Prevent alcohol related problems also-cover addictions,
juvenile delinquency ,acute adjustment problem.
Training
- Mental health training-To train medical officers,
supervisor, health workers & MS students on the basic
skills in psychiatry to provide minimum health services.
-Research
- Operational & applied research to improvise Mental
health services.

- Text book of PSM-Sunderlal

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h Text book of PSM-K.Park-20th edition
h Text book of PSM-Sunderlal
h Text book of Psychiatry-Neeraj Ahuja
- Text book of Community Medicine with recent
advances-AH Suryakantha
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