Computers

© 2005 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Slide 1

 Computers

Software

© 2005 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Slide 2

 Computers
Software
Objectives
 Operating system purposes
 Windows concepts
 Software suite applications
 There are many applications for personal
computers
 Graphics and multimedia

© 2005 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Slide 3

 Computers
Software
System Software
 Operating System – controls the computer
 Utility Programs – computer maintenance
 Graphical User Interface (GUI)
 Kernel – loaded into memory at start-up and
remains there until the computer is shut down

© 2005 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Slide 4

 Computers
Software
Operating System Functions
Allocating system resources
Multitasking – more than one program running at
a time
Foreground – program that is active is run here
Background – programs of lower priority are run here

© 2005 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Slide 5

 Computers
Software
User Interface
Graphical User Interface
Pointing device such as a mouse
Icon – picture that represents a file or a computer task

© 2005 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Slide 6

 Computers
Software
PC Operating Systems and Platforms
PC/Windows Platform (Wintel)
Older versions of Windows
Windows 95/98
Windows ME
Modern PC Operating Systems
Windows XP – plug and play
Windows 2005 Server
Windows CE.NET

© 2005 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Slide 7

 Computers
Software
Other Computer Platforms
The Macintosh/Mac Platform
Unix – multiuser operating system
Linux – open source version of Unix
Open source – source code is available
LindowsOS – Linux based, Windows
compatible

© 2005 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Slide 8

 Computers
Software
Business Concerns for Choosing an OS
 Interoperability – ability to share resources
across platforms
 Multiplatform environment
 .NET Platform – provides users with
personal/corporate data from any linked device

© 2005 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Slide 9

 Computers
Software
Utility Programs
 Disk and file maintenance
 System recovery
 Security
 Backup
 Virus protection

© 2005 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Slide 10

 Computers
Software
Windows Concepts and Terminology
 Window – rectangular area on the screen
 Desktop – where Windows icons are displayed
 Application window
 Active window
 Open application

© 2005 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Slide 11

 Computers
Software
Windows Concepts and Terminology
 Workspace
 Document window
 Scrolling
 Cascading windows
 Tiled windows

© 2005 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Slide 12

 Computers
Software
Windows Concepts and Terminology
 Menus – lists of user choices
Pull-down menus
Shortcut keys
Toolbars – contain buttons for frequently
used commands
 Dialog box – allows the user to provide
information to the software

© 2005 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Slide 13

 Computers
Software
Windows Concepts and Terminology
 Sharing Information
Clipboard – area where information is stored, can
then be shared with other applications

© 2005 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Slide 14

 Computers
Software
Working with Files
 File –information saved in an electronic format
File types:
ASCII – text only
Data
Document – word processor file
Spreadsheet

© 2005 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Slide 15

 Computers
Software
Working with Files
 File types:
Web page
Source program – user-created instructions to the
computer
Executable – machine language version
Graphics
Audio
Video

© 2005 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Slide 16

 Computers
Software
Working with Files
 A file’s optional 3 character extension
indicates the type of file
Native file format – default data type for a
particular program

© 2005 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Slide 17

 Computers
Software
Working with Files
What can be done to a file?
Create, name, save
Copy, move, delete
Retrieve, update
Display, print, play
Execute
Download/upload

© 2005 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Slide 18

 Computers
Software
Working with Files
What can be done to a file?
Import – open a file with a program that was
NOT used to create the file
Compress – reduce the size of a file so it can be
uploaded more quickly
Zip file – the reduced file. It must be unzipped
before it can be used.

© 2005 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Slide 19

 Computers
Software
File Management
Windows Explorer – file management tool
 Folders – used to organize a storage device
such as a hard disk or diskette
 Path – indicates what folder a file is stored in

© 2005 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Slide 20

 Computers
Software
File Management Activities
Save/Save As
Open
Copy
Cut
 Delete
 Rename

© 2005 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Slide 21

 Computers
Software
Help
Help for Windows – online
Help for application software – click on the
Help option or menu
Context-sensitive help – hit F1 to get help
concerning whatever you are doing

© 2005 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Slide 22

 Computers
Software
Productivity Software: The Software Suite
Template – pre-formatted document; user
simply provides content

© 2005 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Slide 23

 Computers
Software
Productivity Software: The Software Suite
Word processing
Spell checker
Online thesaurus
Grammar and style checker

© 2005 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Slide 24

 Computers
Software
Productivity Software: The Software Suite
Presentation software
Text
Photos/images
Charts and graphs
Original drawings

© 2005 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Slide 25

 Computers
Software
Productivity Software: The Software Suite
Presentation software
Clip art
Audio clips
Full-motion video
Online thesaurus
Grammar and style checker

© 2005 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Slide 26

 Computers
Software
Productivity Software: The Software Suite
Spreadsheet software
Rows and columns
Cell – intersection of a row and a column
Cell address – column and row the cell appears in

© 2005 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Slide 27

 Computers
Software
Productivity Software: The Software Suite
Database software
Create and maintain a database
Extract information
Make inquiries
Sort records
Generate reports

© 2005 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Slide 28

 Computers
Software
Productivity Software: The Software Suite
Personal Information Management (PIM)
software
Messages
Appointments
Contacts
Tasks

© 2005 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Slide 29

 Computers
Software
PC Software
Shareware – author counts on the honor
system for payment; copyrighted
Freeware – may be used free of charge;
copyrighted
Public-domain software – may be used
without restriction; not copyrighted

© 2005 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Slide 30

 Computers
Software
PC Software
Home and family software
Legal advisors
Hobbies
Education and edutainment software
Reference software
Business and financial software

© 2005 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Slide 31

 Computers
Software
Graphics Software and Multimedia
Multimedia – use of text, pictures,
animation, and sound to present an idea

© 2005 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Slide 32

 Computers
Software
Graphics Software and Multimedia
Graphics software – allows the user to
create pictures on a computer
Bit-mapped image – picture is made up of dots
Pixels – picture elements (dots)
Raster graphic– another name for bit-mapped
graphics
Vector graphic – image is composed of geometric
shapes such as lines and points
Metafile format – combines bit-mapped and
vector graphics

© 2005 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Slide 33

 Computers
Software
Graphics Software and Multimedia
File formats
JPEG – web pages and digital photography
BMP – Microsoft Windows
GIF – web pages and downloadable images
TIFF – used in print publishing
PCX – PC Paintbrush
PNG – replacement for GIF

© 2005 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Slide 34

 Computers
Software
Graphics Software and Multimedia
Paint software – creation of bit-mapped
images
Draw software – creation of vector images
Photo illustration software – creation and
editing of existing digitized images
Morphing – changing one image to another

© 2005 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Slide 35

 Computers
Software
Graphics Software and Multimedia
Drag-and-drop software – users choose from
pre-created shapes
Animation software
Video editing software

© 2005 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Slide 36

 Computers
Software
Multimedia
Digital camera
Video camera, VCR, audio cassette player,
CD player, television
CD-RW or DVD+RW
Synthesizer
Video capture card
Color scanner

© 2005 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Slide 37

 Computers
Software
Multimedia
Sound files
MP3
Wave files – waveform
MIDI files – nonwaveform files created using
musical instruments
Image files
User created
Clip art
Scanned images
Photo images

© 2005 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Slide 38

 Computers
Software
Multimedia
Motion video files
User needs to create motion video files:
Video camera
Video capture board

© 2005 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Slide 39

 Computers
Software
Creating a Multimedia Application
Presentation software
Authoring software
Used for creating multimedia applications
Multimedia programming
May require high-end multimedia programs
May require programming skills

© 2005 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Slide 40

 Computers
Software
Chapter 2 – Lesson Summary
• Operating system purposes
• Windows concepts
• Software suite applications
• There are many applications for personal
computers
• Graphics and Multimedia

© 2005 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Slide 42