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3 ^ (15/5) * 2 – 5
3 ^ ((15/5) * 2 – 5)
3 ^ (15 / (5 * 2 – 5 ))
Understanding Relative Reference Format
When you use a cell reference in a formula, Excel looks at the
cell address relative to the location of the formula.
For example, suppose that you have the formula =A1*2 in cell
A3. To Excel, this formula says, “Multiply the contents of the
cell two rows above this one by 2.” This is called the relative
reference format, and it’s the default format for Excel.
This means that if you copy this formula to cell A4, the relative
reference is still “Multiply the contents of the cell two rows
above this one by 2,” but the formula changes to =A2*2 because
A2 is two rows above A4.
This way of handling copy operations will save you incredible
amounts of time when you’re building your worksheet models.
Understanding Absolute Reference Format
When you refer to a cell in a formula using the absolute
reference format, Excel uses the physical address of the cell.
You tell the program that you want to use an absolute reference
by placing dollar signs ($) before the row and column of the cell
address.
Talking about the old example, Excel interprets the formula
=$A$1*2 as “Multiply the contents of cell A1 by 2.”
No matter where you copy or move this formula, the cell
reference doesn’t change. The cell address is said to be
anchored.
Naming Formulas
Follow these steps to name a formula:
Choose Insert, Name, Define Name to display the New Name
dialog box.
Enter the name you want to use for the formula in the Name
text box.
In the Refers To box, enter the formula exactly as you would if
you were entering it in a worksheet.
Click OK.
Functions
Excel has various function categories, including the following:
Text
Logical
Information
Lookup and reference
Date and time
Math and trigonometry
Statistical
Financial
Database and table
Typing a Function into a Formula
Whether you use a function on its own or as part of a larger
formula, here are a few rules and guidelines to follow:
You can enter the function name in either uppercase or
lowercase letters. Excel always converts function names to
uppercase.
Always enclose function arguments in parentheses.
Always separate multiple arguments with commas. (You might
want to add a space after each comma to make the function
more readable. Excel ignores the extra spaces.)
You can use a function as an argument for another function.
This is called nesting functions. For example, the function
AVERAGE(SUM(A1:A10), SUM(B1:B15)) sums two columns of
numbers and returns the average of the two sums
Using the IF() Function (The Simplest Case)
num_digits Description
>0 Rounds number to num_digits decimal places
0 Rounds number to the nearest integer
<0 Rounds number to num_digits to the left of the
decimal point
=round(236.1234, 2) gives 236.12.
=round(236.1234, 0) gives 236.
=round(236.1234, -2) gives 200.
The EVEN() and ODD() Functions
The EVEN() and ODD() functions round a single numeric
argument:
EVEN(number) ODD(number)
number: The number you want to round
Both functions round the value given by number away from 0,
as follows:
EVEN() rounds to the next even number. For example,
EVEN(14.2) returns 16, and EVEN(–23) returns –24.
ODD() rounds to the next odd number. For example,
ODD(58.1) returns 59 and ODD(–6) returns –7.
The INT() and TRUNC() Functions
The INT() and TRUNC() functions are similar in that you can use both to convert a value
to its integer portion:
INT(number)
TRUNC(number[, num_digits])
number: The number you want to round
num_digits: An integer that specifies the number of digits you want number rounded to,
as explained here:
num_digits Description
>0 Truncates all but num_digits decimal places
0 Truncates all decimal places (this is the default)
<0 Converts num_digits to the left of the decimal
point into zeroes
For example, INT(6.75) returns 6, and TRUNC(3.6) returns 3. However, these functions
have two major differences that you should keep in mind:
For negative values, INT() returns the next number away from 0. For example, INT(–3.42)
returns –4. If you just want to lop off the decimal part, you need to use TRUNC() instead.
You can use the TRUNC() function’s second argument—num_digits—to specify the
number of decimal places to leave on. For example, TRUNC(123.456, 2) returns 123.45, and
TRUNC(123.456, –2) returns 100.
The SUM() Function
Here’s the syntax of the SUM() function:
SUM(number1[, number2, ...])
number1, number2,... The values you want to add
For example, the following formula returns the sum of the values in
three separate ranges:
=SUM(A2:A13, C2:C13, E2:E13)