HEAT

DEFINITION
l l l i v in g th i n g s n eed
an t f o r m o f e n e rg y. A n
An import v a ri o u s e ff e cts o
H e a t flo w s a n d has
heat to survive .
matter.
HEAT IS A FORM OF ENERGY
 In chapter 6,you learned that heat is a form of energy. It is a very
important form of energy because every living things need heat to
keep its body warm. Without heat , all living things will not be able
to survive.
 Heat is very useful in our daily life. Every day, we use heat to cook
food and boil water. We also use heat to dry our washing . After
shower ,we may sometimes use heat to dry your hair. Before
putting on your school uniform ,you may have already used heat to
press it. We use heat in so many ways in our every day life .People
who lives in cold climates use heat to keep their homes warm. A
blacksmith use heats to melt metal. There many more uses of heat
in everyday life.
HEAT AND TEMPERATURE
Heat is the hotness of an object. It is
measured in joules ( J ).
Temperature is the degrees of hotness. It
is measured in kelvins ( K ) or degree
celsius ( 0C .)
HEAT FLOWS AND ITS EFFECT

Heat is one of the most important forms

of energy in dairy life.
Liquids expand more than solid while
gases expand the most when heated.
On the other hand, solid , liquid and gases
contract when cooler.
On expansion , the volume of a subtances
decrease.
HEAT FLOW AND ITS EFFECTS
 Heat can flow one place to another. It can flow in three different
ways: conduction , convection and radiation.
 Conduction is the flow of heat through solids.
 Convection is the flow of heat through liquids or gases.
 Radiation is the flow of heat through vacuum.
 When two objects come into contact, heat flows from the hotter to
the colder object.
 This causes the temperature of the colder object to rise and that of
the hotter object to fall.
 The temperature of both of the object will finally be the same.
NATURAL PHENOMENA INVOLVING
HEAT FLOW
Natural phenomena such as sea breeze,
land breeze and the warming of the
Earth by the Sun involve heat flow.
HEAT CONDUCTORS AND
INSULATORS

Substances which allow heat to pass through

easily are called heat conductor.
On the other hand , substances that prevent heat
from passing through are called heat insulators.
Metals are heat conductors and non- metals are
heat insulators.
THE USES OF HEAT CONDUCTORS
A heater is made of metal . It conductor heat very fast
and thus heat up water in a short time.
A pot is made of metal. It conducts heat easily to the
food that it contains.
The bottom of an iron is made of metal. It conducts
heat to the clothes easily.
The mercury in a thermometer is a metal which can
absorb and release heat easily.
The cooling coils at the back of a refrigerator are
made of metal . They conduct heat to the
surroundings easily.
THE USES OF HEAT INSULATORS
 Igloos are houses built from ice by the Eskimos. Ice is a heat
insulators . It traps heat inside an igloo.
 An icebox is made of plastic. Plastics are heat insulators. Food or
drinks kept inside the icebox will remain cooled because the heat
from the surroundings cannot pass through the plastic wall of the
icebox easily.
 Glove are made of heat-insulator material. We use them to protect
our from hot surface.
 Heat insulator, such as wood and plastic, are used to make handles
for irons and cooking utensils . They protect our being injured by
heat.
 A vacuum flask is made of plastics and glass . Plastics and glass.
Plastic and glass are heat insulator. They help to keep liquids in a
vacuum flask hot or cold.