Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
Plasma Antennas
28 Nov 01
• What is a plasma?
– Quasi-neutral collection of ionized particles
• Not all particles need to be ionized
– Unlike the other states of matter, primary
interaction with the environment is through fields
– Found in stars, nuclear weapons,
and occasionally…antennas
4
jlc 28 Nov 01
Plasma Defined
• How is it created?
Z 2 EH
– Ionization, of course! E (n, l )
Z
(n l ) 2 p. 52, Plasma Formulary
jlc 28 Nov 01
– don’t worry, just like any other dielectric 5
Characteristics of Plasma
• Max Says…
– Maxwell’s equations
govern the fields
D B
H J B 0 E D
t t
– Lorentz equation
governs the particles
dv
m q( E v B)
dt p. 19, Plasma Formulary
vd 2
fields with zero net current (both charges traveling in
the same direction).
B
• Motion under external
The forces
m ( g B) important.
drift velocity is similar to the above, yet charge is
vd 2
Positive and negative charges will travel in
opposite directions producing a net current in the
q B 7
jlc 28 Nov 01
media opposite to the curl.
Characteristics of Plasma
10
jlc 28 Nov 01
Characteristics of Plasma
11
jlc 28 Nov 01
Outline
Wavelength
14
jlc 28 Nov 01
Wave Propagation in Plasma
Lockwood, p. 31 16
jlc 28 Nov 01
Wave Propagation in Plasma
19
jlc 28 Nov 01
Plasma Antennas
21
jlc 28 Nov 01
Plasma Antennas
23
jlc 28 Nov 01
Plasma Antennas
24
jlc 28 Nov 01
Plasma Antennas
– Electro-optic modulated
plasma antenna
25
jlc 28 Nov 01
Plasma Antennas
27
jlc 28 Nov 01
Plasma Antennas
28
jlc 28 Nov 01
Summary
29
jlc 28 Nov 01
Acknowledgements
E v B
dv q
Velocity normal to magnetic field
dt m
v vd v g (t ) Separating above into drift and ‘gyro’
dvg
q
E vd B vg B Rewriting normal velocity equation
dt m
E vd B 0 Time-independent terms
dvg
dt
m
q
vg B Time-dependent terms
EB Final equation for crossed fields
vd
B2
31
jlc 28 Nov 01
Backup Slides
E v B
dv q
Nearly identical to crossed E and B
dt m
m
Eeff g Substitute above with effective E
q
m gB
vd Drift component of motion
q B2
32
jlc 28 Nov 01
Backup Slides
• Polarization drift
y
x
10 20 30 40
-2
-4
-6
-8
-10
33
jlc 28 Nov 01
Backup Slides
10
x
-2 -1.5 -1 -0.5
34
jlc 28 Nov 01