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(crystals)
Polymerization is the process of combining
many small molecules known as monomers into a
covalently bonded chain
2 process :
- addition polymerization
- condensation polymerization
– Propagation
– Termination
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Copolymers :
- two different types of monomers are joined in the
same polymer chain
exp : -x-y-x-y-x-y-
Homopolymers :
- Polymers that contain only a single type of
repeat unit
exp : -x-x-x-x-x-
2 main categories of plastic :
THERMOPLASTIC POLYMERS
Linear or branched
polymers in which
chains of molecules are
not interconnected to
one another.
THERMOSETTING POLYMERS
Thermoplastics Thermosets
- Melt upon heating to a - once solidified they may not
liquid state be remelted
- Recyclable - not recyclable.
-not heavily cross-linked. - will melt once and solidify into
-“Polymer can be soften or molten a highly cross-linked polymer
and reformed into new shapes. -“Polymer cannot be soften or molten and
Process can be reheated.” reshaped.”
-Example : Example :
ABS, acrylics, cellulose acetate, epoxies, melamines, phenolics, polyesters,
ethyl cellulose, fluorocarbons, silicones, urea-formaldehyde
polyamides, polycarbonates,
polyethylenes
(i)THERMOPLASTIC
(i) THERMOSET
1973 1993
GENERAL PROPERTIES
lubricants: waxes, soaps can be added to improve the
moldability of plastics & to facilitate removal of parts
from the mold. Also used to keep thin polymer sheets
from sticking to each other when stacked or rolled.
- ex: fatty acid, fatty alcohol, fatty ester
colouring agents: - To classify application of materials
interiors, body panels, and trim, plastics are now being used
for intake manifolds, valve covers, fuel tanks and fuel lines
and fittings.