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2


 




 ³Sarve Bhavantu Sukhinah,
Sarve Bhavantu Niramaya,
Sarve Bhadrani Pshayantu,
Maa Kashchid Dukh Bhaag Bhavet.´

[O Lord! Let all beings be happy and healthy.

I wish well being to all. Let none suffer from any misery]
 m
 m
 
 
  

0 On 10 December 1948, the General
Assembly of the United Nations adopted
and proclaimed the Universal Declaration of
Human Rights.
0 Human rights and human development
share a common purpose and motivation: to
secure freedom, well-being and dignity for
every human being.
0 States bear a primary duty to safeguard and
promote human rights.
m
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Human rights means the rights

relating to life, liberty, equality
and dignity of the individual
guaranteed by the Constitution of
the Stateî
 ! "

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0 hese are made available to all human
beings
0 All men should receive these rights
equally.
0 here should be no difference with regard
to colour, caste, religion and culture.
0 No affected by any post or status.
0 No distinction in human rights on the
basis of political, universal or international
status of a country.
0 Deprivation of human rights should be
heard under law.
 They may be categorized in fundamental
rights of the country s Constitution2

ny individual may have freedom of
expression and opinion any where under
these rights2
  # 
Gm
 
ë2 ecognition everywhere
22 reedom of movement
32 ife, liberty and security
42 ationality
52 reedom of thought, conscience and religion
62 reedom of peaceful assembly and association
72 Take part in the government of his country
$  $

The Constitution of India, in its Preamble, resolves

to secure to all its citizens
åi) Justice - Social2 Economic and political2
åii) iberty ± of thought, expression, belief, faith
and worship2
åii) Equality ± of status and of opportunity and to
promote among all
åiv) raternity- assuring the dignity of the
individual and the unity and
integrity of the nation2
ur Constitution provides and guarantees
the fundamental rights to all the citizens
and these rights are the Human ights

Human rights as enumerated in the

Constitution as fundamental rights are as:
 % &"

åi) Equality before aw å
rticleë4)
åii) Equality of opportunity in matters of public
employment å
rticleë4)
åiii) Prohibition of discrimination on ground of
religion, race, caste, sex, or place of birth
å
rticleë5)
åiv)
bolition of untouchables å
rticleë7)
åv)
bolition of titles å
rticleë )2 22 ight to freedom
 '(
åi) reedom of speech etc2 å
rticleë
)
åii) Protection in respect of conviction for
offences2 å
rticle20)
åiii) Protection of life and personal liberty2
å
rticle2ë)
åiv) Protection against detention in certain cases2
å
rticle22)
 r' 
&)
åÕ) Prohibition of traffic in human beings and
forced labour2 å
rticle23)

åii) Prohibition of employment of children in

factories etc2 å
rticle24ü
 Œ'(

åi) reedom of conscience and free pursuit of
profession, practice and propagation of religion 2
å
rticle25)
åii) reedom to manage religious affairs2 å
rticle26)
åiii) reedom as to payment of taxes for promotion of
any particular religion2 å
rticle27)
åiv) reedom as to attendance at religious places or
religious worship in certain educational
institutions2 å
rticle2 )
 ‰'

 (
&(
! (
åi) Protection of interest of minorities 2 å
rticle2
)

åii)ight of minorities to establish and administer

educational institutions2 å
rticle30)
  '




(
Úuarantees every individual whose fundamental
ights have been violated or not protected by the State
the right to approach the Supreme Court for their
protection2 Õt gives the Supreme Court powers to take
immediate action to stop a violation of fundamental
ights and punish the offender2
 )m



*
0 ailure of the pollution control board to take
all precautions to prevent release of poisonous
chemicals by industries into people s homes,
fields and water sauces2
This is a violation of the ight to life
å Beating, Chaining and torture of suspects by
the police2 This is a violation of the ight to
human dignity and physical security2
å ailure of a magistrate to take action on a
prisoner s complaint that she is being
harassed by prison wardens2 This is a violation
of the ight to equal protection of law
å efusal of the collect orate to act against upper
caste people who are not allowing Dalits to
worship at a temple or drink water from a
well2 This is a violation of the ight
against discrimination2
0 eglect by the labour department to enforce
guidelines employers to ensure both men and
women are provided equal avenues for
promotion at the workplace and are given equal
pay for equal work2 This is violation of the ight
to equality of opportunity
0 Taking over of a shop by security forces for
defence purposes without giving compensation to
the owner2 This is a violation of the ight to
livelihood
0  












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ight to freedom of
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0 
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ight to
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ight to a clean and healthy
environment2
 $  $ 
& +&+$$,
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TÕCES Õ THE ÕDÕ

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ë72 UTUCH
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TÕCES Õ THE ÕDÕ

TÕCES Õ THE UÕ ES

CSTÕTUTÕ DEC

TÕ  HUM
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2ë2  PES SH
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DEPÕ ED  HÕS ÕE 
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TED B THE
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2
 ,

(



a) To abide by the Constitution and

respect its ideals and institutions, the
ational lag &
nthem;

b) To cherish and follow the noble ideals

which inspired cur national struggle
for freedom;
 ,
( 


c) To uphold and protect the sovereignty,

unity and integrity of Õndia;

d) To defend the country and render

national service when called upon to
do so;
 ,
( 

e) To promote harmony and the spirit of
common brotherhood amongst all the
people of Õndia transcending religious,
linguistic and regional or sectional
diversities; to renounce practices
derogatory to the dignity of women;

f) To value and preserve the rich

heritage of our composite culture;
 ,
( 

g) To protect and improve the natural
environment including forests, lakes,
rivers and wild life, and to have
compassion for living creatures;

h) To develop the scientific temper,

humanism and the spirit of inquiry
and reform;
 ,
( 

i) To safeguard public property and to
abjure violence;

j) To strive towards excellence in all

spheres of individual and collective
activity so that the nation constantly
rise to higher levels of Endeavour and
achievement2