Welcome to Presentation

On
“DEVELOPMENT
OF HYDROPOWER PROJECTS”
Overview
 The increasing prices of oil, gas and coal in the international markets have again
underscored the importance and desirability of development of hydro power in
India.
 According to the Central Electricity Authority, the hydro power generation potential,
based on already identified sites, is close to 150,000 MW. The actual installed
capacity, at about 28,500 MW, is less than one-fifth of this potential. Even with the
14,000 MW “under construction”, the enormous hydro potential remains sorely
underutilized.
 To be sure, the government has developed some very ambitious plans and
initiatives. In 2003, the then prime minister announced an initiative to achieve
50,000 MW of new capacity. The Eleventh Plan calls for addition of 21,000 MW of
hydro power. The Twelfth Plan calls for another 24,000 MW of hydro capacity
addition.
 These are not easy targets to achieve. Hydro projects can prove to be especially
difficult to implement in a time-bound fashion. There are issues relating to local
government concerns, environmental impact and community
relocation/rehabilitation that are often beyond the control of the project developer.
 In the Tenth Plan, for example, the target for hydro capacity addition was over
12,000 MW. The capacity added so far is only about 5,000 MW. Under the best-
case scenario, we may achieve just over 9,000 MW. This is despite considerable
improvement in the performance of the central public sector units and the entry of
private players.
 100000
120000

20000
40000
60000
80000

0
86011791
1756330214

13301547229967 46769

1565 18753 45768 66086

THERMAL
1785 19194 48086 69065

NUCLEAR
`

2225 21670 60875 84770

HYDRO
-SECTORWISE(MW)

TOTAL 2720 26261 74429 104917

2720 26910 76607 107972

2720 29625 78491 112706

80-81 85-86 90-91 91-92 96-97 01-02 02-03 03-04
GROWTH PROFILE OF INSTALLED CAPACITY
HYDRO : THERMAL RATIO HAS GRADUALLY DETERIORATED,
RESULTING IN NON-OPTIMAL UTILIZATION OF SCARCE RESOURCES

Ist Plan IIIrd Plan Vth Plan VIIth Plan Today

03/56 (03/66) 03/79 (03/90)

2% Nuclear 2% Nuclear 2.5% Nuclear

35% 29% 26 %
46% 41%
Hydro Hydro Hydro
Hydro Hydro
65% 54% 57%
Thermal Thermal Thermal 69% 70%
Thermal Thermal

 HYDRO POTENTIAL IN THE COUNTRY IS OF THE ORDER OF 150

GW. ONLY 18% HAS BEEN TAPPED SO FAR.
 OPTIMAL MIX IS 40 : 60 FOR HYDRO : THERMAL TO ENSURE
MAXIMUM UTILIZATION OF INSTALLED CAPACITY AND TO
REDUCE PEAKING SHORTAGES.
Advantages

• Hydropower is renewable, environmental friendly and

enable incidental benefits of development in remote and
inaccessible areas.
• Hydroelectric projects ideally suited for meeting the
peaking demand and improving the system reliability.

• Multipurpose projects help in utilisation of water resources

for irrigation, flood moderation, navigation & drinking
water.

Contd…
Potential

o Ranking studies by CEA - about 400 sites involving installed

capacity of more than one lakh MW are to be developed

o Based on the ranking studies the schemes have been categorised

in A. B & C categories as per their techno-economic viability

o Region-wise and basin-wise categorisation of schemes is as

follows :

Contd…
REGION-WISE SUMMARY OF CATEGORISATION
OF THE SCHEMES
Sl. Region Category A Category B Category C Total
No.
Nos. MW Nos. MW Nos. MW Nos. MW

1 Northern 26 5879 101 17814 18 6680 145 30373

2 Western 11 816 20 3517 1 55 32 4388

3 Southern 6 890 20 3801 15 1541 41 6232

4 Eastern 14 2338 20 3518 2 2691 36 8547

5 North- 41 5718 86 41203 18 10449 145 57370

Eastern

Total: 98 15641 247 69853 54 21416 399 106910

 THE RIVER BASIN-WISE SUMMARY OF
CATEGORISATION OF THE SCHEMES
Sl. River Category A Category B Category C Total
No. system
Nos. MW Nos. MW Nos. MW Nos. MW

1 Indus 11 4088 51 8811 17 6080 79 18979

2 Ganga 20 2023 54 9616 1 600 75 12239

3 Central 3 283 9 1425 1 186 13 1894

Indian

4 East Flowing 11 1412 26 6469 2 88 39 7969

5 West 1 35 10 958 14 1508 25 2501

Flowing
6 Brahmaputra 52 7800 97 42574 19 12954 168 63328

Total: 98 15641 247 69853 54 21416 399 106910

 II. SLOW DEVELOPMENT OF
HYDROPOWER
Basic Reasons:

o Environmental issues such as afforestation and rehabilitation

& resettlement of Project Affected People (PAP)

o Geological surprises during construction

o Landslides, hill slope collapses, road blocks, natural

calamities like floods, etc.

o Law & Order Problems

o Interstate disputes
o Hydro potential developed so far in the country is only about
25% of the total potential of the country

o The remaining sites generally located in inaccessible locations.

o Hydro potential development in these areas would involve

huge expenditure on infrastructure development for
transportation of equipment

Contd…
 POLICY INTERVENTIONS

o To accelerate development, power sector was opened up

for larger participation by private entrepreneurs in 1991

o Thereafter, Government of India also announced hydro

policy in 1998

o The salient features of Hydro Policy are as follows:

1. Additional budgetary support for hydro projects under central PSUs

2. Basin-wise development of hydro potential.

Contd…
3. Advance action for capacity addition in the 10th Plan and beyond

4. Emphasis on survey and investigations.

5. Quick resolution of inter-state projects

6. Renovation, Modernisation and uprating of existing hydro stations

7. Promoting small and mini hydel projects.

8. Simplified procedures for transfer of clearances.

9. Rationalisation of hydro tariff by allowing premium on sale rate

during peak period

10. Realistic estimates of completion cost.

Contd…
 11. Promoting hydel projects with joint ventures.

12. Government support for land acquisition, resettlement and

rehabilitation, catchment area development.

o Govt. of India also launched 50,000 MW hydroelectric

initiative
o In spite of above initiatives, hydropower development
has been slow perhaps due to longer gestation period
o To reduce the gestation period proactive role of
management at the planning stage of project is of
paramount importance
Contd…
THANK YOU