INFRARED THERMOGRAPHY

Regardless of the building type

involved, infrared
thermography can provide
remarkable nondestructive
information about construction
details and building performance.
INFRARED THERMOGRAPHY
Thermography is the use of
an infrared imaging and
measurement camera to
"see" and "measure“
thermal energy emitted
from an object.
HEAT LOSS FROM
FOUNDATION
Thermal, or infrared
energy, is light that is not
visible to the human eye.
It's the part of the
electromagnetic spectrum
that we perceive as heat.
Unlike visible light, in the
infrared world everything
with a temperature above
absolute zero emits heat.
CURRENT METHODS
On-site, Real-time Inspection
Installing Inspection Ports
Destructive testing
Non-destructive X-ray testing
Non-destructive Infrared testing
NEEDS OF INFRARED
THERMOGRAPHY
 An accurate
 Inexpensive
 Non-destructive
 Non-labor intensive method
INFRARED THERMOGRAPHY
Temperature profiling of a surface or point
Infrared technique
Black body radiation
Wavelength 0.8μm-1000μm
INFRARED IN ELECTROMAGNETIC
SPECTRUM
OBJECTIVE
 Locating voids
 Honeycombing
 Plaster voids
 Interconnection of
carbon-fiber
reinforcement
 bituminous sealing on
steel
SOURCE OF HEAT
Artificially applied heat
The sun’s Radiant heat and thermal effects
THERMOGRAPHY INSTRUMENT
THEORY
 Kirchhoff’s law:
ℰ= E/Es
 Planck radiation law:
M (λ,T)=(2𝛱hc2)/(λ5.(℮ hc/λkT-1))
 Wien displacement law:
λmax=2898/T
 Stefan and Boltzmann
I =σ T4
E= emissivity of a real body
Es=emissivity of the black
body
ℰ= emission coefficient
λ=wave length
T = the absolute
temperature
h=the Planck constant
c= the speed of light.
M =the specific spectral
radiation
σ = 5.67x10 -8 W m-2 K-4.
I=radiant power
CONSTRUCTION THERMOGRAPHY
Emission coefficients MATERIAL ℰ

Concrete 0.94
Sand 0.93
Brick 0.93-0.94
Limestone 0.96
Render/plaster 0.90-0.96
Glass 0.93-0.96
Wood 0.96
Roofing felt 0.93
Gypsum 0.90
Paint 0.90-0.95
Clay 0.95
Brickearth 0.93
EXPERIMENT SETUP
Experimental set-up to perform
thermo-gram
IMAGE AND TIME LAPSE SPECIFIED

IMAGE NUMBER 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

LAPSE TIME Ts in 0 26 90 210 266 354 394 α

minutes(t srart=t 0=0)

Transit (Tn) steady- Tn Tn Tn Tn Tn Tn Ss Ss

state(Ss)
NUMERICAL SIMULATION
3D differential equation of Fourier

Where,
Mass density ρ
Thermal conductivity λ
Heat capacity Cp
trmpareture T
a) Simulated temperature cooling
down curves verses time after 15
min
b)several computed t max verses
defect depth
THE NUTS AND BOLTS OF DATA
COLLECTION AND REPORTING
Grouted and non-grouted
heat and cool
INFRARED CAMERA
MISSING INSULATON(CEILING)
•AIR LEACKAGE
LOCATION
EXCESSIVE AIR LEAKAGE CAN
ACCOUNT FOR HALF OF THE
ENERGY CONSUMED TO
CONDITIONED BUILDINGS.

THE PROBLEMS CAN BE AS

STRAIGHTFORWARD AS A FAILED
DOOR WEATHERSEAL

THIS IMAGE IS OF A SLIDING

GLASS DOOR.THE CORNER AT THE
ADJACENT WALL WAS NOT
NSULATED AND THERE WAS POOR
WEATHER SEALS ON THE DOOR.

NOTE THE TEMPERATURE

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE WALL
77 FTAND THE BOTTOM OF THE
DOOR 31.4 F
MOISTURE
INTRUSION OR
CONDENSATION
 As building designs and
techniques produce tighter
thermal envelopes, moisture
has created more and more
problems.
The water can intrude
through a small crack and is
then trapped between the
relatively impermeable
building materials.
Good building techniques
typically must deal with both
air sealing and moisture
retarders to keep moisture
from accumulating insides
the wall sections
CONDENSATION THOUGHT TO BE
A ROOF LEAK
Condensation where insulation
Ceiling and drywall damage was disrupted
BRICK AND BLOCK
a heat source in a repaired brick
This interesting image detected wall.
ROOFING
From the looks of this
image it appears that the
roof being surveyed has a
significant amount of wet
insulation; red and yellow
outlined areas.
Yet in reallity,there was
no wet insulations
throughout the entire
roof.
CONCRET MASONRY WALL
Photograph of CMU wall
Thermograph of CMU wall with
improper placement of grout
Thermographic investigation a
heat bridge with the growth of
mold including a thermo gram
Localization of the position of floor
heating cables in the living room
Position of the pipes of a wall
heater, operating with geothermal
heat.
ADVANTAGES
non-contact
Fast, reliable & accurate output
 A large surface area can be scanned in no time.
 Presented in visual & digital form.
 Software back-up for image processing and analysis.
 Requires very little skill for monitoring.
DISADVANTAGES
Cost of instrument is relatively high
Unable to detect the inside temperature if the medium is
separated by glass / polythene material etc.
±2% accuracy
directly detect surface temperatures
 •future research methodology
•use numerical solution techniques of the inverse
problems more extensively
•geometrical parameters
NECESSITY IS THE MOTHER OF
INVENTION
THANK YOU