BSNL Preparedness for 3G

rollout
Sanjay K. Varshney
Jt. DDG (CMTS), BSNL
Corporate Office
 What is Third Generation?

1st Generation 2nd Generation 3rd Generation

Analog speech Digital speech + High data rates
low-rate data (≤ 64 kbps) (384kbps-14.4 Mbps)
+ 2nd gen. services

NMT, AMPS, TACS GSM, PDC, UMTS/IMT-2000

IS-136, IS-95

1980 1990 2000

May 23, 2011 2

 First Generation & Second Generation Mobile System

Analog cellular systems are commonly

referred to as first generation systems.
The digital systems currently in use, such as
GSM, PDC, CDMA one (IS-95), and US-TDMA
(IS-136) are second generation system.
These systems have enabled voice
communications to go wireless and
customers are increasing finding value also
in other services such as text messaging and
access to data networks.

May 23, 2011 3

 Third Generation System

Third generation systems are

designed for multimedia
communications;
With them person to person
communication can be enhanced with
high quality images and video,
And access to information and
services on public and private
networks will be enhanced by higher
data rates.

May 23, 2011 4

 What is required from 3G Systems

Very High bit rates

Variable bit rate to offer bandwidth on demand.
Multiplexing of services with different quality
requirements on a single connections e.g. speech, video
and packet data.
Delay requirements from delay-sensitive real-time
traffic to flexible best-effort packet data.
Quality requirements from 10% frame error rate to 10e-
6 bit error rate.
Coexistence of second and third generation systems and
inter system handovers for coverage enhancement and
load balancing.
Support of asymmetric uplink and downlink traffic, e.g.
web browsing causes more loading to downlink than to
uplink.
High Spectrum efficiency.

May 23, 2011 5

 Strategy for Phase-V

Whether 3G should be launched and if yes where &

How.
What should be the technology choice for 3G.
In absence of any Knowledge of 3G, how
specifications should be prepared.
Whether 3G should be design based.
What data is to be provided to bidders for designing
of 3G Network.
What are the new services which should be included
in the specification.
What should be the procurement quantities.

May 23, 2011 6

 Examples of Third Generation System

In the standardized forums WCDMA

technology has emerged as the most widely
adopted third generation air interface. Its
specifications have been created in the 3GPP
(3rd Generation Partnership Project), which
is the joint standardization bodies from
Europe, Japan, Korea, USA etc.
In addition to WCDMA, the other air
interfaces that can be used to provide the
third generation services are EDGE (up to
384 kbps) & multi carrier CDMA (cdma 2000).

May 23, 2011 7

 Network Requirements for 3G

Core requirements
Radio Requirements
VAS Requirements
Billing Requirements
Spectrum Requirements
Backbone Requirements- Bearer &
Signaling

May 23, 2011 8

 MSC/GMSC Server:

Application Service enablers Application

Servers Servers
Services/applications

MSC HLR/AuC/FNR GMSC/Transit

Server Server
SGW
Control

PSTN/
Main MSC Server functions MGW
ISDN
MGW
Service controlConnectivity Internet
SGSN
WCDMA Mobility management GGSN Intranets
EDGE
GSM Charging control and CDR generation Control
User data
Can control more than one MGW
May 23, 2011 9
 Media Gateway:

Main Media Gateway functions

Service enablers
Application Application
Servers Speech & media processing Servers
Services/applications
Setup/release of user data bearers
Interfacing between different transport standards
MSC HLR/AuC/FNR GMSC/Transit
Boundary between different networks
Server Server
Can be controlled by several MSC Servers SGW
Control

PSTN/
ISDN
MGW
MGW
Connectivity
Internet
SGSN
WCDMA GGSN Intranets
EDGE
GSM Control
User data
May 23, 2011 10
 Applications mapping to RAB’s
Example

• Required Applications:
— Speech
— Email
— Web browsing Mapping
— Video conference between
— Data transfer required
applications
and the RAB’s
• RAB:
– AMR 12.2
– CS64
– PS I/B 64/64
– PS I/B 64/128…

Application Service Class Data Rate Bearer Service

Example of mapping
Speech Conversational 12.2 kbps Speech AMR 12.2

Video Conferencing Conversational 64 kbps CS 64

e-M ail via mobile phone Background 64 kbps PS I/B 64/64

Web Browsing Interactive 64 kbps PS I/B 64/64

64 kbps UL
Fast Web Browsing & Data Transfer
Interactive PS I/B 64/128
128 kbps DL

May 23, 2011 11

 UMTS Radio Access Bearers
Typical availability list

Domain QoS RAB (UL/DL)

CS Conversational (speech) 12.2 kbps AMR
CS Conversational (videotelephony) 64/64 kbps
CS Streaming 14,4 kbps
CS Streaming 57,6/57,6 kbps
PS Interactive/Background 64/64 kbps
PS Interactive/Background 64/128 kbps
PS Interactive/Background 64/384 kbps
PS Interactive/Background 32/32 kbps
PS Interactive/Background 64/256 kbps
PS Interactive/Background 32/64 kbps
PS Interactive/Background 32/128 kbps
PS Interactive/Background 128/128 kbps
PS Streaming 16/64 kbps
CS+PS Multiservice: Conv. (speech) + I/B CS 12.2 + PS 64/64 kbps
CS+PS Multiservice: Conv. (speech) + I/B CS 12.2 + PS 64/128 kbps
CS+PS Multiservice: Conv. (speech) + I/B CS 12.2 + PS 64/384 kbps
CS+PS Multiservice: Conv. + I/B CS 64/64 + PS 64/64 kbps
CS+PS+PS Multiservice: Conv. (speech) + I/B +I/B CS 12.2 + PS 64/64 + PS 64/64 kbps
PS+PS Multiservice: I/B + I/B PS 64/64 + PS 64/64 kbps

RAB combinations will depend on Application needs and these

May 23, 2011 will change  Enough flexibility is necessary 12
 3G rel4 Architecture (UMTS)
- Soft Switching

2G MS (voice only)
CN
CS-MGW
Nb
BSS
CS-MGW
A
Abis Nc PSTN PSTN
Mc
Mc
B
BSC C
MSC Server GMSC server
Gb D
BTS VLR
Gs SS7
H
2G+ MS (voice & data)
IuCS
RNS IP/ATM
Gr HLR
AuC
ATM Gc
Iub
IuPS
Gn Gi
PSDN
RNC
SGSN GGSN
Node B
3G UE (voice & data)
BSS Base Station System CN Core Network SGSN Serving GPRS Support Node
BTS Base Transceiver Station MSC Mobile-service Switching Controller GGSN Gateway GPRS Support Node
BSC Base Station Controller VLR Visitor Location Register
HLR Home Location Register
RNS Radio Network System AuC Authentication Server
RNC Radio Network Controller GMSC Gateway MSC
May 23, 2011 13
 RNC – Radio Network Controller

Manage and secure an optimal usage of the radio

resources.

Control the user mobility and handover.

Support Inter Radio Access Technology

interworking towards other radio access systems.

Support Radio Access Bearer (RAB) services with:

Circuit Switched and Packet Switched data

Provide a transparent bearer service for control

message between the Core Network and the User
Equipment (UE)

May 23, 2011 14

 WCDMA RBS – Node B
Interface towards the mobile stations and provides the radio resources to UE

High Capacity Macro

Medium Capacity Macro

Indoor
Capacity

solutions

Main-Remote

Micro
MIcro

Coverage Area
May 23, 2011 15
 VAS Elements

7 Value Added Services

7.1 SMSC
7.2 SMS-Cell Broadcast Centre (SMS-CBC)
7.3 MMSC
7.4 UNIFIED MESSAGING SERVICE
7.5 Location Services (LCS)
7.6 Over The Air (OTA) Platform and Applications
7.7 Advertisement Push Server
7.8 WAP
7.9 Instant Messaging and Presence Service (IMPS)
7.10 Push to Talk over Cellular (Poc)
7.11 Video Gateway and Streaming Server
7.12 Streaming Solution:
7.13 SERVICE DELIVERY PLATFORM (SDP)

May 23, 2011 16

 Billing

For online billing in case of pre-

paid subscriber the IN system with
all the latest interfaces have been
procured.
First time Disaster recovery site has
been proposed for the IN system
also.
The Post-paid billing shall be
continued through the existing
billing systems.

May 23, 2011 17

 Backbone for 3G

The Intra-Circle IP-MPLS backbone shall

be created by the vendors for carrying
the bearer and signalling traffic.
Two mated pair signalling Gateways
have been procured to streamline the
signalling traffic in each circle.
The intercircle connectivity for IP and
signalling traffic shall be on National
NIB backbone and Signalling network
already functional.

May 23, 2011 18

 Spectrum for 2G Systems

At present GSM is operating in

900 MHz band- 890-915 MHz Uplink
935-960 MHz
Downlink

1800 MHz band- 1710-1785 MHz

Uplink
1805-1880 MHz
Downlink

May 23, 2011 19

 Spectrum for 3G Systems

The IMT 2000 band has been identified in

most of the countries for the launch of 3G
services-
Uplink- 1920-1980 MHz,
Downlink- 2110-2170 MHz.
There have been some dispute which has
been raised by CDMA operators for the use
of PCS 1900 band 1850-1910 and 1930-1990.

May 23, 2011 20

 Spectrum Bands

The PCS-1900 band is in direct conflict with the IMT-2000

bands

If the PCS-1900 band is allocated to cdma players there is a

clear risk that WCDMA cannot happen in India

GSM 1800 GSM 1800 IMT-2000 Uplink IMT-2000 Downlink

Uplink Downlink 60 MHz 60 MHz
75 MHz 75 MHz

1710 1785 1805 1880 1920 1980 2110 217

0

1850 1910 1930 199

0

1700 1800 1900 2000 210

0

PCS-1900 Uplink PCS-1900 Downlink

60 MHz 60 MHz

May 23, 2011 21

 Phase V of the IMPCS Project

The tender will be rolled out in three phases.

Phase 2G 3G
Phase V.1 75% 25%
Phase V.2 50% 50%
Phase V.3 25% 75%

May 23, 2011 22

 Phase V of the IMPCS Project

The 3G shall be design based. In phase

V.1 it has been proposed to cover about
563 cities.
The maps and other details of these cities
were provided to the bidders along with
the tender document.
The 3G shall be overlay on existing 2G
network.
The 3G shall be progressively rolled out
in other cities in subsequent phases.

May 23, 2011 23

 Phase V of the IMPCS Project

LSA
No .
May 23, 2011
1 A nd hra Pra d e 24
 Phase V of the IMPCS Project

LSA
No.
May 23, 2011 25
 Technology Vision

3G Network with evolution to full 3GPP R6

architecture by Q4/2007.
UTRAN with functional HSDPA of 3.6Mbps to
commence with and commitment to enhance
the throughput to 14Mbps in Phase-V.3
HSUPA to be functional by Q4/2007.
Common R5 core to be supplied for Phase-
V.1 would evolve to IMS-2 in Q2/2007.
3G overlay with seamless 2G 3G handover.
Remote Radio Head (RRH) to split the BB and
Radio of the Node-B.

May 23, 2011 26

 Technology Vision

The entire intra LSA core traffic to be carried on IP

MPLS VPN tunnels.
Either ATM or IP for Access Transmission for UMTS
network.
Home Subscriber Server [HSS] to hold HLR as a
subset and to provide IMS provisioning capability with
Subscriber Location Finder [SLF] feature.
Sophisticated architecture for redundancy at different
levels with on line backup and restore for Intelligent
Network.
Disaster recovery and Business continuity Process to
cover all critical network elements to make the
network the robust and secure.

May 23, 2011 27

 3G-2G Overlay Network

GSM
GSM GSM
GSM GSM
GSM GSM
GSM
WCDMA
WCDMA WCDMA
WCDMA

WCDMA
WCDMA GSM
GSM WCDMA
WCDMA GSM
GSM

Mobile returns back to WCDMA coverage area

and makes cell reselection to WCDMA because
WCDMA is given higher priority than GSM

May 23, 2011 28

 3G-2G Handover

GSM
GSM GSM
GSM GSM
GSM GSM
GSM
WCDMA
WCDMA WCDMA
WCDMA

UE in GPRS makes cell UE makes cell

Idle mode reselection to WCDMA reselection to GSM
camping
to WCDMA
Packet WCDMA GSM WCDMA GSM
data WCDMA GSM WCDMA GSM

Connected mode
Speech
WCDMA
WCDMA GSM
GSM WCDMA
WCDMA GSM
GSM
call

User starts a
Speech call continues in GSM,
connection Coverage reason handover
re-selection after call
from 3G to 2G
May 23, 2011 29
 Without MBMS – Today ”Unicast”

ptp Separate flows for each user

Content Server
RBS RNC MMSC
ptp
ptp

ptp
SGSN GGSN
ptp
RNC

ptp

RBS

ptp
RNC SGSN
ptp RBS

May 23, 2011 30

 With MBMS

Single flow to multiple users

ptm

RBS RNC Content Server

MMSC

BM-SC
SGSN GGSN

ptp
Significant saving in
RNC SGSN
ptp RBS transport resources
May 23, 2011 31
 Mobile Broadband
An alternative for broadband at home

3G “at home”:
 PSTN telephony line
 FAX line
 Internet Access, up to 2Mbps

“Low-cost alternative to the landline network” based on WCDMA

May 23, 2011 32

 HSDPA
High-speed downlink packet data (HSDPA) providing enhanced support for best-effort packet data
services at peak bit-rates of 4-14 Mbps

SPEED Higher bit rates: up to 14 Mbps

CAPACITY 2-4 times improved system capacity

REDUCED DELAY Quicker response time with interactive services

STANDARDIZED Integral part of WCDMA (3GPP Rel.5)

Network Coverage Short time to market with existing sites

May 23, 2011 33

 Enhanced Uplink

May 23, 2011 34

 Network Architecture Evolution

Service Network
USM Appl
Charging

IMS
Fixed Mobile
Telephony Telephony

TeS
Telephony MSC
Server Server

PSTN MSG
MGW PLMN
IP backbone
BRAS
GGSN MGW
LE ss MSG
ce ss
WSN
ac ce 2/3G
BB ac
IP TN WLAN etc.
RNC
PS BSC
Wireline
access

May 23, 2011 35

 Issues- Power & Space

Varied power consumptions of equipment of

different vendors.
Varied space requirements for the
equipment of different vendors.
Loading as per power consumption & space
requirement during evaluation to take care
of operational expanses.
OPEX Loading for a period of 10 year.

May 23, 2011 36

 Issues: Non exposure

WCDMA technology new to India and BSNL

does not have any exposure.
Specifications based on GR, 3GPP and
vendors input.
Extent of Up-gradation of existing network.
Availability of 3G spectrum in time.

May 23, 2011 37

THANK YOU
.