Corruption

Group Members.
Usama Rashid khan (10) Uzair Zafar (42) Dawood Abid (40) Aaib Zaka Dar (28) Azeem Yaqoob (17) Shaheer Zerik (41) Asad Marghoob (..) Umar Riaz(..)

Aqib Zaka Dar. Roll No. 28

Causes of Corruption

Corruption
Corruption is functionally misuse of confide power of private gain. Corruption comes from the different ways: Bribery. Illegal exaction. Frauds. Trafficking peculation.

Causes
The major reason of fast creeping corruption are : Political instability. Poverty. Unequal structure of society. Unemployment. Weak political institutions and absence of rule of law. Absence of and weakness of the watch-dog agencies. Lack of transparency in the government's decisionmaking. Weaknesses in the judicial system. Power of influential people. Inadequate wage envelope.

Corruption
Resultant they are affecting political stability, equal distribution of resources and power, confidence of local and foreign investors and political institutions. People with pitifully low wages come to feel that they have no option. They have to demand bribes if they want to make a decent living. And this is also the major cause of corruption.

 Two powerful forces keep stoking the fires of corruption: SELFISHNESS GREED Because of selfishness, corrupt people turn a blind eye to the suffering that their corruption inflicts on others, and they justify bribery simply because they benefit from it.

 "A mere lover of silver will not be satisfied with silver, Observed Solomon. Granted, greed may be good for making money, but it invariably winks at corruption and illegality.

Dawood Abid Roll No. 40 Impacts

Impacts
Some of the reasons that corruption in particular sectors are highlighted more often than others are: There is more research and survey work done in those areas. Public perception and awareness seem to be more vocal as regards those areas. The exercise of highlighting some of the sectors should be read with the knowledge that corruption in Pakistan seems pervasive across most sectors.

Impacts
Expert sources indicate that the following sectors are among those most affected by corruption: Police and law enforcement. Judiciary and legal profession. Power sector. Tax and customs. Health and education. Land administration.

Impacts
Public Procurement seems to be a major concern across most sectors. These sectors seem to be affected by chains of: Petty corruption to access public services or to bypass the law. Middle and grand corruption. In addition, political patronage, conflicts of interest, influence peddling and other forms of corrupt behavior are commonplace across the sectors.

Impacts
The following are some examples of the damage that is caused by corruption: Defective Or Dangerous Infrastructure. Inadequate Infrastructure. Poor Education. Hospitals.

 The main impact of corruption is on poors. The effect of corruption on the poor can be gauged through both its direct impact for example, Increasing the cost of public services, Lowering their quality and often all together restricting poor people's access to such essential services as water, health and education. The indirect impact for example, diverting public resources away from social sectors and the poor and through limiting development, growth and poverty reduction.

 Corruption affects income inequality and poverty. In a cross-section of 37 countries, a significant impact of corruption on inequality was found, while taking into account various other exogenous variables. When controlling for GDP per head, this impact remains significant at a 10 % level.

Uzair Zafar. Roll No. 42

Role of Government In Corruption.

 Institutions and procedures that engage in punishment of corruption. An ACA is defined as a separate government agency that perform anticorruption activity. Six functions of ACAs:  Receiving and responding to complaints.

 Intelligence gathering, monitoring, and investigation;  Prosecutions and administrative orders.  Research, analysis, and technical assistance.  Ethics policy guidance, compliance review, and scrutiny of asset declarations.  Public information, education and outreach.

WHY DO GOVERNMENTS ESTABLISH ACAS?

Fighting corruption. Response to external pressure or a crisis. The leadership has a strong interest in checking all departments. It could also be a result of a unintegrity challenge. Due to black sheeps in system.

WHEN THE SYSTEM ITSELF IS CORRUPT

A new ACA cannot cure or substitute for bad governance. The leaders are involved in corruption. No monitoring which leads to irresponsible behaviour. Short term success is sometimes possible in a dysfunctional environment Law must equally applicable on all.

ROLE OF INTERPOL
At INTERPOL, we are involved in the fight against corruption worldwide. Providing operational support to member countries. Three major projects define our strategy:  INTERNATIONAL ASSET RECOVERY.  CORRUPTION RESPONSE TEAMS (CRTS).  NATIONAL ACCOUNTABILITY BUREAU (NAB).

Azeem yaqoob Roll No. 17

Some steps to curb corruption Conclusion

Some steps to curb corruption

Corruption is steeped in the society Most experts think that corruption is one of the most difficult problems in Pakistans society. Corruption cannot be fully erradicated, why? Human nature and corruption

 Stopping Clientelism PROFESSIONALISM of the public administration is key Implementing meritocracy in the public service is a way to motivate Restructuring The Public Service there are more checks and balances.

Transparency
Where does each penny go to? What is done with public funding? How are decisions made? Allowing Policies Anti-corruption policies can easily collapse Supply of reforms requires commitment Enforcing The Judicial System Rule of law

At grass root level

People should be made aware of their rights. Institutions should be made strong. Anti-social activities should be condemned and resisted. Justice delayed is justice denied. In time justice can minimize corruption practices.

Salaries and wages should be increased. The unemployed class should be provided jobs Education system must be revised. Stable governments are essential.

conclusion
Whole of the society is running aimlessly What If we confine ourselves to the systems ?

 Corruption is multi-faceted problem The future of Pakistan and alleviation of poverty This success is threatened by the evil of corruption The religious extremism The surest way to corrupt a youth is to instruct him to hold in higher esteem those who think alike than those who think differently.

 The sayings of our beloved Prophet Muhammad (blessings and peace be upon him) The Prophet (peace be upon Him) cursed the one who bribes and the one who takes bribe.