UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES

SEMINAR-2

Dr.B.Ranganna

Nanje Gowda.N.A Sr.M.Tech (PAK-9303)

Department of Agricultural Engineering, GKVK, Bangalore

INTRODUCTION CLASSIFICATION NEED OF ROBOTS ROBOTS IN FOOD INDUSTRY MERITS & DEMERITS CONCLUSION

Background
The term robot comes from robota means "forced labour" or "drudgery " Robotics is that branch which involves with the study and applications of robots 1921 - The term "robot" was first used in a play called (Rossum's Universal Robots) "R.U.R." by the Czech writer Karel Capek. The plot was simple: man makes robot then robot kills man!

Cont..
1960s: Robots were built for two technologies, numerical control machines for precise manufacturing and teleoperators for radioactive material handling 1970s: Industrial robots built for automation of flexible manufacturing systems Industries- metal products, chemicals, electronics and food industries 1980s: Robotics was defined as the science which studies the intelligent connection between perception and action

Cont..
1990s: The need of robots in hazardous environments (field robotics) 2000: Shift from industrial robotics to challenges of the human world (humancentered and life-like robotics) The first industrial robots, called Unimates, were developed by George Devol and Joe Engelberger in the late 50's and early 60's, as a result, Engelberger has been called the father of robotics

Definition An automatic device that performs functions normally ascribed to humans or a machine in the form of a human. According to Robotics Institute of America A robot is a reprogrammable multifunctional manipulator designed to move material, parts, tools or specialized devices through variable programmed motions to perform variety of tasks

CLASSIFICATIONS OF ROBOT
Based on the job intended to perform, classified into many designs 1. Articulated or serial joint Have atleast 3 rotary joints & frequently called as anthropomorphic arm because they closely resemble human arm 2. Cylindrical Robot Have main axis that is in the centre of the operating envelope & can reach into tight areas without sacrificing speed

Contd..
3. Spherical Robot Similar to a cylindrical robot, but form a spherical range of motion using a polar coordinate system 4. Cartesian Robot Robot uses the X, Y, Z three dimensional coordinate system to control movement

Contd..
5. SCARA Robot These are combination of articulated arm and cylindrical robot 6. Parallel Robot Consist of a fixed base to a platform by means of a number of legs

APPLICATIONS OF ROBOTS
Automotive industry Assembly Medical laboratories Nuclear energy Agriculture (Food industry) Spatial explorations Customer service Arts and entertainment

ROBOTS IN FOOD INDUSTRY

Applications include picking, packing and palletizing Packaging is the best developed sector of the food industry Many other products like fish fillets, meat processing are also into automation Robotics in retail has the potential to become the next frontier in the food industry But still its a new market for robots because standardisation is not easy

ROBOTS IN FOOD INDUSTRY

One of the main concerns of the food industry is the risk of contamination (microbiological, chemical or foreign bodies) Robots can successfully perform high hygienic operations, and hence less chance of contamination The best robot technologies for the food industry is the SCARA (Selective Compliant Articulated Robot Arm)

10 GOOD REASONS TO INVEST IN ROBOTS

         

Improve product quality & consistency Have repeatable precision at all times Increase production output rate Increase product manufacturing flexibility Reduce material waste and increase yield Comply with safety rules and improve workplace health & safety Reduce labour turnover and difficulty of recruiting workers Reduce capital costs Reduce operating costs Save space in high value manufacturing areas

PICK & PLACE ROBOTS FANUC (M-430iA/2F)

Designed for high speed pick & package application 5 axis motion with 2kg capacity 120 cycle/min at 1kg & 100 cycle/min at 2kg Capable of working with primary (unpacked) and secondary (packed) food products Visual line tracking helps in proper locating of randomlyoriented product on moving line for robot picking and packing operation

FlexPicker Stacking Pancakes ABB-IRB 360

A robot with art of picking and packing technology is called FlexPicker Unique parallel-arm robot designed for the high-speed pick and place Capable of >120 pick and place cycles/minute Payload of up to 3 kg capacity Products like frozen food, bakery, ice cream, cheese, meat, fish

BOTTLE FILLER
BLENZOR-CRB-4000
Used in soft drinks filling, aerated water filling & soda filling It can handle glass and pet bottles filling Online pressure filling with capping and can seaming unit for all types of bottles Speed of 100-300 can/bottle per min Rinsing, filling & capping is possible It has automatic water level and Co2 pressure controls

ULTRASONIC CHEESE SLICING ROBOT

FANUC M-710iC

Ultrasonic cheese slicer involves a vibrating knife Have wider cutting temperature range Produces a nearly frictionless surface to which cheese does not stick nor deform Cleaner, repeatable and more consistent cuts Does not smear the cut surface Edges are clean without any pinch Slice thickness of few millimeter to centimeter can be achieved

CAKE DECORATION EPSON SCARA ROBOT

Equipped with stainless steel of 2200-245 series graded Tip seal valve Cakes are fed to robot via a conveyor Optical positioning system ensures that cakes are presented in a consistent position Laser range finds the height of each cake as it enters Robot moves over the top of the cake and writes the decorative inscription Dispensing heated tip prevents hardening inside the valve

PACKAGING ROBOTS
In the packaging industry, robots generally fall into three main arenas: Feed placement (where products are prearranged on a conveyor to ease future packaging procedures) Pick and place applications (where products are packed into trays or secondary packages) Palletizing (pallet loading and unloading)

  

COST EFFICIENT PACKING ABB-IRB 260

The 4-axis IRB 260 have all the necessary features for placing products into boxes, tray handling and more 30 kg payload capacity with short cycle times The IRB 260 is compatible with pickmaster, with dedicated software for packaging, including vision guidance and easy programming

BOSCH DELTA ASTOR PACKAGING

Either vacuum cups or mechanical grippers technology can be used High speed pick and place of products into assortment-packs with visionguide Can be used for a wide variety of applications such as chocolate, biscuits or any products packaged into pouches Can load up to 120 products/min into blister packages Vision guide system ensures products are placed precisely in position

WASHING-FILLING-SEALING XMR 18186

Machine have combined functions of washing, filling and capping continuously Have air feeding device with clamp to hang bottle neck, filling is very quick without deforming bottle Capacity 5000-6000 bottle (600ml)/hour Machine is ideal for PET bottle filling of fruit juice, flavoured milk, soft drinks and other uncarbonated beverages like mineral water, pure water etc

PALLETIZING ROBOT
PALLETIZATION Stacking /placing of boxes, trays, bags, bottles or other items on a pallet Method helps for storing and transporting goods stacked on a pallet and shipped as a unit load After labelling, bags are conveyed by a robotic palletizer This permits a standardized way for handling loads with common mechanical equipment like fork-lift trucks

CRATES HANDLING KUKA KR-180 PA

 

  

Crates with full bottles are moved to the robots pickup position by means of a chain conveyor It has a hook gripper in lifting handles at the sides of each crate, can pick up four crates at a time and setting them down on a pallet It can stack loads weighing up to 180 kg to heights of up to 3000 mm Each of the robots can handle up to 36,000 bottles per hour Can palletize milk-based soft drinks, UHT and fresh milk and desserts

FANUC PALLETIZER M-2000iA/900L

FANUC Robotics has a full range of picking, packing and palletizing robots for a complete solution M-2000iA series is the worlds largest and strongest 6 axis robot construction Worlds highest payload of 1200 kg of lifting capability User can lift and transfer to a distance >6.2 meters Gives solution for material handling, drop lifting, loading and unloading

VACUUM GRIPPER TECHNOLOGY

Vacuum gripper for robot arm is designed to handle bulky and heavy loads weighing up to 614 lb/sq ft Robot grippers are often selected by the amount of force that the gripper applies on load They can be driven hydraulically, electrically and pneumatically When vacuum is applied it will sucks load against gripper wall and vice versa Can effectively handle boxes, sacks, drums , cardboard boxes, barrels, rolls of plastic film

OTHER IMPORTANT APPLICATIONS

Food Inspection: IP68 vision sensor measures diameter and colour quality of pizza crusts

Fill Level Verification: S18U ultrasonic's sensor verify the level of liquids in container before sealing

OTHER IMPORTANT APPLICATIONS

Plastic wrap detection: QL56 luminescent sensor detects safety seals on cans before packaging

Cheese packing: Vacuum pick & packing capable of packing at speed of 120 cycles/min

OTHER IMPORTANT APPLICATIONS

Correct Label Verification: Bar Code Reader reads data matrix code to ensure the correct label

Sausage packing: Picks several sausages at once & triple shift in production rate

OTHER IMPORTANT APPLICATIONS

Hoove Cutting Robot: automatically cut hooves from beef & used in US meat-processing plant since 2007

Robo Fish: used to align fish on cutting and trimming machines

IS ROBOT REALLY COSTLY?

Price of any robot keep on varies with respect to several factors like Type of robot Size (capacity) Type of job to be done Robots manufacturing company Category: Industrial Robots MFG: Fanuc Model: S-420S Payload: 40 kg Max Reach: 2488 mm Weight: 120 kg Price: $30,000/-

WORLDS ROBOT POPULATION

 Worlds robot population is around 18.2 million out of which 1.2 million are industrial robots  Half of the robot population is located in Asia (Japan, Singapore), 1/3 in Europe and 16% in North America  The total number of robots is expected to increase 4% every year  Japan is in lead with 295 industrial robots per 10,000 manufacturing workers  Japan robots density is almost 10 times the world average and nearly twice that of Singapore (169), South Korea (164), and Germany (163)

FOOD ROBOT COMPANIES AROUND THE WORLD

ADVANTAGES OF ROBOTS
Increases productivity, safety, efficiency, quality and consistency of products Can work in hazardous environments No need of environmental comforts Never get tired, can work 247 continuously Have repeatable precision at all times More accurate than humans Their sensors can have capabilities beyond that of humans Can do multiple tasks simultaneously Robots can replace human labors who can create economic problems

DISADVANTAGES OF ROBOTS
Robots lack capability to respond in emergencies, this can cause Inappropriate and wrong responses Lack of decision-making power Loss of power (energy) Robots may have limited capabilities in Degrees of freedom Dexterity Sensors & vision systems Real-time response Robots are costly, due to Initial cost of equipment Installation costs Need for training & programming

CONCLUSION
Robots are going to play a very significant part in our daily life; like computers in the 20th century robots are going to be common house hold items in future Food robots play an important role in the food industry for increase in production rate, quality and quantity of production Robots increases capacity and profit of any industry Robots can perform multiple tasks at a time which is not possible by human Robots give hygienic production checking contamination, which is one of the main concerns of food industry

Contd..
Robots can replace human labour where ever labour management problem exist Use of robots will help to grow in competition with other industries Each machine robot helps our population greatly via technology advances and improvements in the overall health & safety of our society Food industry still to look for automation which will definitely enhance quality, production, labour crisis, etc

ABB IRB-660 PALLETIZING ROBOT

IRB 660 is a refinement of IRB 640 palletizer An 4-axis robot with 3.15 meter reach comes in two versions;

High throughput version built for 250 kg payload High-speed version built to handle180 kg payloads at full speed
Its ideal for palletizing bags, boxes, crates, bottles and more