Conditional Sentences

by JFBS

Conditional Types
First Type: Possible & Probable conditions Second Type: Possible & Improbable conditions Third Type: Impossible conditions Other Conditional sentences Wish / If only

First Type: Possible & Probable conditions

IF CLAUSE
Simple Present If you come If you want to pass If we buy a ticket

MAIN CLAUSE
Simple Future Imperative Can I will be happy Study! We ___________ (go) to the concert she will come with us

If she ______________ (arrive) soon If they dance too much They ____________ (get) tired If you need my car ________________ (take) it

First Type: Possible & Probable conditions

IF CLAUSE
If you ________ (drink) a lot If the road________ (be) wet If he________ (lose) his key If she ________ (not buy) any food If they ________ (not stop) talking If you ________ (take) the dog for a walk

MAIN CLAUSE
I ________ (leave) you ________(watch out) ! You ________ (lend) him yours We ________ (have dinner) We ________ (not finish) our lesson I ________ (give) you some money

Second Type: Possible & Improbable conditions

To express an imaginary present or improbable future situations
IF CLAUSE MAIN CLAUSE

Simple Past If she studied If he ran If I went to China If I were _____________

Would + root verb Could + root verb she would pass her controls he would catch the bus I could be with him _________________

Second Type: Possible & Improbable conditions

IF CLAUSE
If you ________ (drink) a lot If the road ________ (be) wet If he________ (lose) his key If she ________ (not buy) any food If they ________ (not stop) talking If you________ (take) the dog for a walk

MAIN CLAUSE
I ________ (leave) you You________have) an accident You________ (lend) him yours We ________.(have dinner) We ________ (not finish) our lesson I ________ (give) you some money

Third Type: Impossible conditions

To express a regret for an impossible situation happened in the Past with NO solution
IF CLAUSE Past Perfect If it hadn't rained If she had studied If you __________ (invite) them If I had known it If he____________(phone) MAIN CLAUSE Present Perfect Conditional (Would have + past participle) We would have gone to the country She __________ (pass) her controls They 'd have come to the party I ___________(arrive) earlier I 'd have seen him

Third Type: Impossible conditions

IF CLAUSE
If you ________ (drink) a lot If the road ________ (be) wet If he ________ (lose) his key If she ________ (not buy) any food If they ________ (not stop) talking If you________ (take) the dog for a walk

MAIN CLAUSE
I ________ (leave) you You ________(have) an accident You ________ (lend) him yours We________(have dinner) We ________ (not finish) our lesson I ________ (give) you some money

Other expressions used in conditional clauses:

UNLESS " Si no" "A menos que..." WHETHEROR NOT "Tanto.como si no " ON CONDITION THAT PROVIDED THAT PROVIDING THAT SO LONG AS AS LONG AS "Siempre que, en tanto que, con la condicin de que,...etc ASSUMING THAT SUPPOSING THAT SUPPOSE THAT "Suponiendo que.." You won't finish the race unless you control your effort. Whether you pay or not, you won't get in without an invitation. "I will only tell my age on condition that you tell yours." I will only tell my age provided that you tell yours I will only tell my age providing that you tell yours I will only tell my age so long as you tell yours I will only tell my age as long as you tell yours "Assuming that it's fine tomorrow, we'll go for a swim" "What would you do supposing that you were given the chance to see the future ?"

Other time clauses

Time clauses with before, unless, when, while, as soon as, as long as, provided that After when, as soon as, before, while, unless, as long as and provided that we use the present tense (not will).
Ill

stay with Jake when I go to London next week. As soon as I get my exam results, Im going on holiday. Before I go out tonight, I have to finish this essay. While Im away, Pennys going to look after my dog. I wont be able to buy a car unless I find a job soon. Ill come with you as long as I don't have to drive. Youll pass your exam provided that you doenough revision.

Wish and if only can be used with would and past tenses. These structures express regrets, and wishes for unlikely or impossible things. If only is more emphatic. (Traduccin: jala, Deseara)

WISH / IF ONLY CLAUSES

1. Past tenses are used to talk about the present.

I wish I was better looking Dont you wish you could fly?

Were can be used instead of was, especially in a formal style.

He wishes he were better looking.

I wish I spoke French If only I knew more people!

2. We use a past perfect tense to express regrets about the past

I wish you hadnt said that. Now she wishes she had gone to university. If only she hadnt told the police, everything would be all right.

3. We use would or could... 1. to talk about future things which arent so much probable. I wish / If only I could go to the party. 2. to talk about future things that we would like people (not) to do. The subject of wish and the main verb is different. So here we only use would. This often expresses dissatisfaction or annoyance: It can sound critical.
I wish this damned car would start.

We can use this structure to talk about things as well as people.

If only it would stop raining!

I wish you would go home.

If only the postman would come!

Sample rephrasing
First Conditional: - Be careful someones going to see you! - If you are careful, nobody will see you! - If + Subject + present simple, subject + future will (aff or neg) Second Conditional: -Kathy wants to go to the movies but doesn't have any money -If Kathy had some money, she would go to the movies.

-If + Subject + past simple (neg or aff), subject + would /could/might + infinitive + complements

Third Conditional: -Tom was not going to come to dinner the next day because you insulted him. -If Tom hadnt insulted him, he would have come to dinner. - If + Subject + past perfect (neg or aff), subject + would/ could/might + have + pp + C Wish / If only Im sorry, but I cant help you now. I wish I could help you. I would have gone to the concert, but I didnt have a ticket. I wish I had had a ticket. / I had bought a ticket

Other samples
- His book will be published provided he takes his manuscript to the editor. Unless he takes his manuscript to the editor, his book wont be published. Unles + present simple, future simple (aff or neg) -I didn't have an umbrella with me and so I got wet. I wouldn't have got wet, if I had had an umbrella with me. -We don't go to school when it rains If it rains, we dont go to school. -I didn't move the table because Jack didn't help me. If Jack had helped me, I would have moved the table. - You drink too much coffee, that's why you don't sleep. If you didnt drank too much coffee, you would sleep. -You never talk to me, so you don't know anything about me. If you talked to me, you would know something about me.

THE END
By JFBS