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To analyze the effects of the liberalization of agricultural trade on biodiversity, the sustainability of small scale farmers, and possible structural changes in agriculture and cattle production.
The Ministry of Environment, Housing and Territorial Development, and the National Planning Department. Ministry Of Agriculture and Rural Development Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Tourism Ministry of Interior and Justice
With the collaboration of Colombian Agricultural Institute Interamerican Institute for Agricultural Cooperation
Semillas Group
Methodology for Integrated Assessment Interinstitutional Coordination Identification of links between sector, environment, biodiversity and social aspects
Official Implementation
Stakeholders Analysis
Priorization
TRADE NEGOCIACIONES NEGOTIATIONS COMERCIALES
Structural changes in agricultural production Effects over small scale farmers Food Security and AgroBiodiversity.
MEA AMUMAS
Main Links
Productive Structures
Integrated Assessment
Trade
Agricultural
Biodiversity
Ecosystems Land use Productive systems Genetic Resources
Poverty
Income/ Employment
Food Security
Agricultural Biodiversity
Stakeholder Analysis
Description and Rationale of the Planning Process The Free Trade Agreement US And the Agricultural Internal Agenda
This planning process was selected because: The FTA is a concrete liberalization policy instrument. Colombia is currently involved in FTA negotiations with the US which will influence various aspects of long term national development policies. It presents a unique opportunity to influence a process of this magnitude on the domestic level
TECHNICAL SECRETARY
NPD
PUBLIC FORUMS
REGIONAL
SECTORAL
THEMATIC
Government Partners
Stakeholder Involvement
Ministries (environment, interior, commerce, agriculture):
National Planning Department Guide the project Provides Information Identifies priorities Helps with methodologies Participates in national workshops Regional Authorities (Agricultural Agencies Umatas - regional) Logistical support Convoke local community meetings Provide Information Participate in workshops Academic institutions (Javeriana University Cega): Provide Information Help with methodologies Participate in workshops NGOs: Convoke farmer & farm association meetings Participate in workshops
Other agricultural authorities (ICA, Corpoica) Guide the project Provide Information Identify priorities Participate in national workshops Private sector (Fedepalma Fedipapa)
Provide Information
Study partners
International Institutions (IICA) Logistical support Provides Information Helps in methodologies Participates in workshops
Qualitative Tools Workshops with marginalized and weak represented groups to wide their participation on the planning process. Quick Agro Ecological Assessments Validation of linkages by perception (Mental Maps) Semi Structured Local Market Surveys Literature Reviews Quantitative Tools In order to analyze the linkage of the effect of the agricultural trade policy on the land use conflict. Production Function Approach Geographic Information System Tools (Desired)
Qualitative Tools
Conceptual framework for food security and its relationship with Trade
Global Food Availability National Net Imports of Food National Food Production TRADE Growth, Employment, Income distribution global
Government Revenues
national
Health
individuals
Source: IFPRI, TMD Discussion Paper No.59, 2000
Lack of knowledge
Seasonal Activities
Lack of inputs
Source: FAO. 2001. Gua para la gestin municipal de programas de seguridad alimentaria
Literature Reviews
How does public policy affect the ESE issues? 1990 - 2000
C 120 100
Datos tomados de Forero y otro s 2002 Fuente: Base de dato s Minagricultura y Desarro llo Rural E labor: IAvH - LV E
P o rc e nt aje
Surface
Variable
Share o
Superficie cosechada
Tratado FAO
Grupo Semillas
Lista de cultivos alimentarios Variedades locales de cultivos manejadas por (Anexo I) organizaciones y comunidades campesinas e indigenas R. Andina1 R. Caribe2
22 (--, 100, 41) (--, 5, --) (34, 12, 46) (20, 8, 22) (--, 8, --) (21, --, --) X X (22, --, --) 16 (8, --, --) 10 12 32
Arroz: Secano Manual / Total Papa Cebada Frjol Maz Trigo Caa de Azcar ame Pltano Yuca Caf
1
X X X X X X
Especies y variedades cultivadas por organizaciones locales de la Zona Cafetera, la Provincia Garca Rovira de Santander y el ecosistema de la Laguna de la Cocha en Nario. En parntesis se indca las especies y variedades encontradas en las zonas mencionadas: (Z. Cafetera, Santander, Nario), se relacionan slo aquellas que coinciden con los cultivos que tienen estadsticas oficiales. Adaptado de: Grupo Semillas (2004) "Cultivando la Diversidad en Colombia", Proyecto Cultivando la Diversidad, Bogot, 2004, p. 33 Variedades de los cultivos tradicionales manejados por las comunidades indgenas y campesinas de la regin Caribe, se relacionan slo aquellas que coinciden con los cultivos que tienen estadsticas oficiales. Adaptado de: Grupo Semillas (2004) "Cultivando la Diversidad en Colombia", Proyecto Cultivando la Diversidad, Bogot, 2004, p. 48
2
INDICADOR DE
Rural Urbana
9,7 9,1
Although the nutritional status of children less than 5 years has been improved, persists the problem of chronic undernourishment intensified in rural areas
EVOLUCION DE LA DESNUTRICIN EN NIOS(AS) MENORES DE CINCO AOS 1986 NIVELES DE DESNUTRICIN
CRNICA Talla Para la Edad TOTAL URBANA RURAL 16.6 15.0 12.5 19.1 13.5 10.8 19.4
1995
2000
10.1
2.9
Usos
Potencial
1932
1998
2000
70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
Potential 32 98 2000
Forest
Agriculture
Pasture
Other
Scenarios
Positive Scenario
Negative Scenario
Preliminary Results
Planning Process Rural and marginalized communities feel distant towards the decision planning process Considerable negative expectations regarding results of FTA negotiations due to asymmetric information flows Change of perceptions when information is provided
Social Small scale farmers near extinction - Under-estimation of importance of Farm Economies - Decrease in the quality of food supply Economic Substantial decrease on rural income and employment Environmental and BD Lost of traditional practices Higher pressure for incremental production. More usage of agro chemistry inputs Expansion of agriculture frontier (Increase of pressure over natural eco-systems) Productive systems less friendly with Biodiversity Loss of agriculture biodiversity
Preliminary Recommendations
To successfully influence in the four main strategies of the Internal Agriculture Agenda
Land & Water
Land Planning Tools con BD criteria Value of Local communities function
Instruments for assessment of the importance of the environmental services provided by Farm Economies (e.g. In-Situ Conservation of Agrobiodiversity)
Transaction Costs
P illars E c o no m ic S o c ial E nviron m e n tal / B io d ivers ity In c o m e - E m p lo y mF oo d S e c urityA gric u ltura l B iod ivers ity - La n d U s e C o nflic e nt P os itve S c en a rio N eg a tive