Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
u
Course Content
Rud!c Rcscurcc Munucmcn! Ovcrv!c
lurumc!cr Ccn!uru!!cn
& Ccmmcn Chunnc!s lccr Ccn!rc!
lcud Ccn!rc!
\dm!ss!cn Ccn!rc!
luckc! Schcdu!!n
Hundcvcr Ccn!rc!
Rcscurcc Munucr
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Course Objectives
N m n s r t r nt n ov r t p s
s r n l st t st ps o t n ov r
pro ur or n ov r t p
N m n s r t m n R N p r m t rs
r l t to n ov r r port n tr r n
s r t m n r n tw n nt r
s st m n ov r n ot r n ov r t p s
N m n s r t m n R N p r m t rs
r l t to nt r s st m n ov r
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Handover Control
Handover Types
Intra-Frequency Handover
SRNS Relocation
GSM ISHO
Appendix
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Handover Types
Intra-Frequency Handovers
Softer Handover
Handover between sectors of the same Node B (handled by BTS)
No extra transmissions across Iub interface
Maximum Ratio Combining (MRC) is occurring in both the UL and DL
Soft Handover
MS simultaneously connected to multiple cells (from different Node Bs)
Extra transmission across Iub, more channel cards are needed (compared to
non-SHO)
Mobile Evaluated Handover (MEHO)
DL/UE: MRC & UL/RNC: Frame selection combining
Hard Handover
Arises when inter-RNC SHO is not possible (Iur not supported or Iur congestion)
Decision procedure is the same as SHO (MEHO and RNC controlled)
Causes temporary disconnection of the (RT) user
Inter-Frequency Handover
Can be intra-BS, intra-RNC, inter-RNC
Network Evaluated Handover (NEHO)
Decision algorithm located in RNC
Inter-RAT Handover
Handovers between GSM and WCDMA (NEHO)
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Soft Handover
/ M u!n m c!hcd !s sc! sc!cr H undcvcr
M S ccnncc!cd !c ! c cr m crc cc!!s
( | n !c 8 brunchcs cun bc uscd Mux\c!!vcSc!S!zc ) nurumc!cr
- Scum!css Hundcvcr !!hcu! unv d!sccnncc!!cn c |l R\N ccnncc!!cn
- % sc!cr Hundcvcr nrcbub!!!!v ubcu! 5 !5 : s c! Hundcvcr nrcbub!!!!v
- % ubcu! ?O 5O
Intra-Frequency Handover
Parameter Mapping
SHO Events and Measurements
Hard Handover & RRC Connection Release
SRNS Relocation
GSM ISHO
Appendix
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Handover Control Parameters
Handover are controlled mainly by four groups of parameters
N - ?OOG Nck!u
HC Parameter Database Structure
RNC = Rud!c Nc!crk Ccn!rc!!cr !cvc! nurumc!crs
"lTS = Ncdc l !cvc! nurumc!crs
"Clll = Cc!! !cvc! nurumc!crs
lMCx = ( = - ; = - lrcqucncv Mcusurcmcn! Ccn!rc! nurumc!crs S !n!ru rcqucncv sc! T !n!cr
; = - ) rcqucncv G !n!cr R\T
\DJx = ( = - ; = - ; = - ) \d(uccn! Cc!! nurumc!crs S !n!ru rcqucncv sc! T !n!cr rcqucncv G !n!cr R\T
HOlx = ( = - ; = - ; = - ) Hundcvcr lu!h nurumc!crs S !n!ru rcqucncv sc! T !n!cr rcqucncv G !n!cr R\T
: S Tn!ru
-
lrcquc
ncv
: S Tn!ru
-
lrcquc
ncv
: T Tn!cr
-
lrcquc
ncv
: T Tn!cr
-
lrcquc
ncv
: G Tn!cr
-
Svs!cm
: G Tn!cr
-
Svs!cm
WCELL
ADJG
ADJI
ADJS
WBTS
RNC
FMCS
FMCI
FMCG
100
100
100
HOPS
100
HOPI
100
HOPG
100
32
48
32
N - ?OOG Nck!u
ADJS, HOPS & FMCS
HO lurumc!cr
Cu!ccr!cs
- Tn!ru
lrcqucncv
- Tn!cr
lrcqucncv
- Tn!cr Svs!cm
Handover Control Parameters
RNC parameters
WCEL parameters
HOPS parameters
FMCS parameters
ADJS parameters
HOPI parameters
FMCI parameters
ADJI parameters
HOPG parameters
FMCG parameters
ADJG parameters
!OO
HOPS parameters
Cell Re-selection HCS Priority
Cell Re-selection HCS Threshold
Cell Re-selection Minimum Quality
Cell Re-selection Minimum RX Level
Cell Re-selection Penalty Time
Cell Re-selection Quality Offset 1
Cell Re-selection Quality Offset 2
Cell Re-selection Temporary Offset 1
Cell Re-selection Temporary Offset 2
CPICH Ec/No Averaging Window
Enable Inter-RNC Soft Handover
Enable RRC Connection Release
HHO Margin for Average Ec/No
HHO Margin for Peak Ec/No
Release Margin for Average Ec/No
Release Margin for Peak Ec/No
Dc!nc
Turc! Cc!!
Sc!cc!!cn
!
!OO
FMCS parameters
Active Set Weighting Coefficient
Addition Reporting Interval
Addition Time
Addition Window
CPICH Ec/No Filter Coefficient
CPICH Ec/No HHO Cancellation
CPICH Ec/No HHO Cancellation Time
CPICH Ec/No HHO Threshold
CPICH Ec/No HHO Time Hysteresis
CPICH RSCP HHO Cancellation
CPICH RSCP HHO Cancellation Time
CPICH RSCP HHO Filter Coefficient
CPICH RSCP HHO Threshold
CPICH RSCP HHO Time Hysteresis
Drop Time
Drop Window
Maximum Active Set Size
Replacement Reporting Interval
Replacement Time
Replacement Window
Dc!nc \d(uccn!
Cc!! Mcusurcmcn!
Ccn!rc!
!
: Tn GSM Dc!nc HO Tr!cr
( ): - HcThrcshc!dslcvDl Rx lDR O?
( ): ( ): dlm lx lDl 8 Nx lDN
4
Dc!nc Turc!
Cc!!
Sc!cc!!cn
: - Rx lcv M!n Cc!! O5
dlm
Dc!nc \d(
Cc!!
8!
ADJS parameters
Cell Identifier
CPICH Ec/No Offset
Disable Effect on Reporting Range
Location Area Code
Maximum UE TX Power on RACH
Mobile Country Code
Mobile Network Code
Mobile Network Code Len
Primary CPICH power
NRT HOPS Identifier
Primary Scrambling Code
RNC Identifier
Routing Area Code
RT HOPS Identifier
Tx Diversity Indicator
Dc!nc \d(
Cc!!
!
N - ?OOG Nck!u
SHO: Neighbour Cell Definition
Each intra-frequency neighbour (ADJS) is identified using ADJSid (ADJS)
The ADJS parameters provide information on the identity of each neighbour
cell together with its properties (i.e. Handover parameter set identifier,
scrambling code etc..)
Each neighbour cell is defined using the UTRAN cell identifier which comprises
= + + + |TR\N Cc!! Tdcn!!!cr MCC MNC RNC !dcn!!!cr Cc!!
!dcn!!!cr
= + + + |TR\N Cc!! Tdcn!!!cr MCC MNC RNC !dcn!!!cr Cc!!
!dcn!!!cr
l uch nc!hbcr cc!! !s dc!ncd us!n !hc |TR\N cc!! !dcn!!!cr h!ch
; ccmnr!scs
MCC ( ) Mcb!!c Ccun!rv Ccdc = \d(sMCC
MNC ( ) Mcb!!c Nc!crk Ccdc = \d(sMNC
RNC Tdcn!!!cr = \d(sRNC!d
Cc!! Tdcn!!!cr = \d(sCT
T ( hc l\C \d(sl\C) & ( R\C \d(sR\C) urc u!sc !n \DJS nurumc!cr sc!
\DJS lurumc!crs
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Neighbour Cell Definition
Separate Handover Parameter Set (HOPS) identifiers for real time(RT)
& non-real time(NRT) traffic
Each HOPS object is identified by a unique HOPSid (HOPS) in the RNC
- on to which the xxHopsIdentifierparameters are mapped to
identify the appropriate HOPS parameter set for that particular
neighbor cell
Scmc s!!cs m!h! nccd udd!!!cnu! nc!hbcrs und m!h! ncsc u nrcb!cm !!h !hc
STl!! !!m!!u!!cn
\vc!d sc!!!n \d(sOcsc!? , vu!ucs d!crcn! ClTCH vu!ucs cr c!hcr nurumc!crs
uscd !c !unc cc!! rcsc!cc!!cn cr hundcvcr
. / lur!hcr !ncrmu!!cn Tcchn!cu! Nc!c Nc O4G Rcs!r!c!!cn cn numbcr c
/ . cc!!s !n STl!! !? duc !c !nccns!s!cncv nrcb!cm !n 8Gll TS ?5 88!
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Handover Control
Handover Types
Intra-Frequency Handover
Parameters Mapping
SHO Events and Measurements
Hard Handover & RRC Connection Release
SRNS Relocation
GSM ISHO
Appendix
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Soft Handover
HC supports the following measurement reporting events and features:
If CPICH3 E
c
/I
o
remains within reporting range for a time period defined by
AdditionTime (FMCS) , and the AS is not full, UE sends measurement report to
RNC which adds Ncell3 to AS if possible (point 3)
AdditionTime defines the 'time-to-trigger' interval between the Ncell first entering
the reporting range and the UE sending the measurement report to the RNC
If RNC is unable to add Ncell to AS, UE will wait for a period of time, defined by
AdditionReportingInterval (FMCS) (point 4) after the first measurement report,
before sending further reports periodically, with interval
AdditionReportingInterval, until (a) Ncell moves out of reporting range, or (b)
RNC adds Ncell to AS.
?
8
!
4
N - ?OOG Nck!u
1A: A Primary CPICH Enters the Reporting
Range
Strongest CPICH in AS
time
l
c
/ T
c
P CPICH 3
P CPICH 1
P CPICH 2
!
?
\dd!!!cn"!ndc
\dd!!!cnT!mc
\dd!!!cnRcncr!!nTn!crvu!
RNC
Mcusurcmcn!
Rcncr!
\dd
!c
!hc
\S'
nc
\c!!vcSc!"c!h!!nCcc!c!cn!
8
4
N - ?OOG Nck!u
1A: A Primary CPICH Enters the Reporting
Range
Reporting criteria of event 1A in 25.331/RRC Measurement Control :
Reporting Cell Status: All active cells + 2 monitored cells.
W: ActiveSetWeightingCoefficient/ 0
RNC drops the cell from the AS and UE drops the cell from the AS to the Neighbour
Set
!
?
8
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Strongest CPICH in AS
time
l
c
/T
c
P CPICH 3
P CPICH 1
P CPICH 2
!
?
8
Drcn"!ndc
DrcnT!mc
Mcusurcmcn!
Rcncr!
1B: A Primary CPICH leaves the Reporting
Range
Rcmcvc !hc rcncr!cd cc!! rcm !hc \S
N - ?OOG Nck!u
1B: A Primary CPICH Leaves the Reporting
Range
Reporting criteria of event 1B in 25.331/RRC Measurement Control :
W : ActiveSetWeightingCoefficient / 0
UE AS full (MaxActiveSetSize = 3)
8
!
?
N - ?OOG Nck!u
time
weakest CPICH3 in AS
l
c
/ T
c
P CPICH 3
P CPICH 1
P CPICH 2
P CPICH 4
\S hus 8 cc!!s
Rcn!uccmcn!Rcncr!!nTn!crvu!
8
!
?
Rcn!uccmcn!"!ndc
Rcn!uccmcn!T!mc
Mcusurcmcn!
Rcncr!
RNC
\S
undu
!c'
nc
1C: A non-active CPICH becomes better than
an active primary CPICH
N - ?OOG Nck!u
1C: A non-active CPICH becomes better than
an active primary CPICH
Hysteresis: ReplacementWindow / 2 dB
4/(2*2) = 1 dB
There are two mappings first is the signalled value to actual value mapping and second
is the way in which hysteresis is applied in the event triggering equation (TS25.331)
Once in connected mode the networks sends the same set of information elements via a
measurement control message
Nokias implementation is that the values in the measurement control message are the
same as those within SIB 11
Events 6F and 6G are configured in a similar fashion i.e. within SIB 11 and subsequently
with a measurement control message
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Individual Ncell Offset &
Forbidding Neighbour Cell from Reporting
Range
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Individual Ncell Offset
!!mc
l ClTCH !
l ClTCH ?
l ClTCH 8
Rcncr!!
n
Runc
Rcncr!!n
lvcn! !l
Rcncr!!n
lvcn! !\
\d(slcNcOsc!
ln!ur!n Cc!! 8 bv x dl
l
c
/ T
c
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Forbidding Neighbour Cell from Reporting
Range
T!mc
l ClTCH !
l ClTCH ?
l ClTCH 8
lClTCH8 !s crb!ddcn
!c ucc! !hc
rcncr!!n runc us
!!s quu!!!v !s qu!!c
. uns!ub!c
Rcncr!
!n
Runc
\d(sDlRR
l
c
/ T
c
N - ?OOG Nck!u
l runch udd!!!cn
: ( ) RRC Mcusurcmcn! Rcncr! c!u
: RRC \c!!vc Sc! |ndu!c
: RRC \c!!vc Sc! |ndu!c Ccmn!c!c
: ( ) RRC Mcusurcmcn! Rcncr! c!b
: RRC \c!!vc Sc! |ndu!c
: RRC \c!!vc Sc! |ndu!c Ccmn!c!c
|
l
m
c
v
!
n
l runch dc!c!!cn
Soft Handover signalling
N - ?OOG Nck!u
lvcn! !\
( ) \dd
lvcn! !l
( ) Drcn
lvcn! !C
(Rcn!ucc
)
\c!!vc sc!
+ cc!!s
? mcn!!crcd
sc!
cc!!s
Mcn!!crcd
sc!
cc!!s
\dd!!!cn
/ "!ndc 4 dl
\c!!vc sc!
cc!!s
\c!!vc sc!
cc!!s
Drcn
/ "!ndc
G dl
\c!!vc sc!
+ cc!!s
? mcn!!crcd
sc!
cc!!s
-
Rcn!uccmcn!
/ "!ndc 4 dl
\dd!!!cn
T!mc
/ O ms
\dd!!!cn
Rcncr!!n
Tn!crvu!
/ . O 5 s
Drcn !!mc
/ 8?O ms
-
Rcn!uccmcn
!
/ !!mc O ms
Rcn!uccmcn!
Rcncr!!n
/ Tn!crvu!
!s
lvcn!
Rcncr!!n
cc!!
s!u!us
Tr!cr!n
Ccnd!!!cn
Rcncr!!n
/ Runc
Hvs!crcs!s
T!mc !c
Tr!cr
Rcncr!!n
Tn!crvu!
SHO Summary
3GPP reporting events 1A, 1B and 1C (also 6F and 6G)
CPICH Ec/Io is used as a measurement quantity rather than CPICH RSCP
CPICH Ec/Io measurements are more accurate
1A and 1B reporting range is defined by strongest active set cell
1C reporting range is defined by weakest active set cell
N - ?OOG Nck!u
UE Internal Measurements
SHO for synchronisation reason:
Event 6F: The UE Rx-Tx time difference for a Radio Link (RL) included in the
active set becomes larger than an absolute threshold Reporting
Reporting event 6G: The UE Rx-Tx time difference for a RL included in the active
set becomes smaller than an absolute threshold
Estimation of these events:
Based on UE Rx-Tx time difference
Measurement configuration:
Time-to-trigger: not used.
6F: UE Rx-Tx time difference threshold: UpperRxTxTimeDiff
default: 874 chips range: 768 ... 896 chips, step 1 chip
NOTE: Some UEs might not support these events
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Ncdc l
|TR\N
RNC
|l
Mcusurcmcn! Ccn!rc!
[ ]
T um !n !hc
Clll_DCH - sub s!u!c
: Mcusurcmcn! Tvnc |l Tn!crnu! mcusurcmcn!s
: Rcncr!!n cvcn!s
: - Gl Thc |l Rx Tx !!mc d!crcncc cr u Rl !nc!udcd !n !hc uc!!vc sc! bcccmcs !urcr !hun un ubsc!u!c !hrcshc!d Rcncr!!n
: - GG Thc |l Rx Tx !!mc d!crcncc cr u Rl !nc!udcd !n !hc uc!!vc sc! bcccmcs smu!!cr !hun un ubsc!u!c !hrcshc!d
Dl
ncm
!!mc
T
O
|l DlCH
!!mc
!!mc
Gl
GG
UE Internal Measurements
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Measurement Report Updating
Measurement reporting criteria are cell specific
Neighbouring cells (ADJS and HOPS parameters) are defined on a controlling cell
(cell from which the call has been started or best cell in case the original cell
has been deleted from the active set)
During SHO the measurement reporting criteria are taken from the cell where
the UE has started the connection
The measurement reporting criteria are updated only when the original cell
leaves the Active Set (Nokia Implementation), according to the strongest cell
in the Active Set, by sending the MEASUREMENT CONTROL message,
transmitted on the downlink DCCH. Standard would allow to update reporting
criteria, according the current best server.
When the UE receives a MEASUREMENT CONTROL message, the UE shall stop
monitoring and measurement reporting and shall replace the measurement
reporting criteria with the new information received in the MEASUREMENT
CONTROL message.
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Measurements Reporting Criteria Updating
during Soft Handover
Cc!! !
Cc!! ?
Nc!hbcur l!s!
Cc!!!
\dd!!!cn "!ndc
Cc!!!
Drcn "!ndc
Cc!!!
Drcn T!mc
Cc!!!
. ! Td!c
Mcdc
Svs!cm
Tncrmu!!cn
( ) lCCH
: llST Scrvcr Cc!!
!
: llST Scrvcr Cc!!
!
. ? Ccnncc!cd
: Mcdc
Cc!!_DCH
Thc |l shu!! ccn!!nuc mcn!!cr!n !hc !!s! c nc!hbcr !n cc!!s uss!ncd !n Svs!cm Tncrmu!!cn dur!n Td!c Mcdc
Thc |l shu!! ccn!!nuc mcn!!cr!n !hc !!s! c nc!hbcr !n cc!!s uss!ncd !n Svs!cm Tncrmu!!cn dur!n Td!c Mcdc
Mcusurcmcn!
Rcncr!!n
Cr!!cr!u
ucccrd!n !c
Cc!! !
Mcusurcmcn!
Rcncr!!n
Cr!!cr!u
ucccrd!n !c
Cc!! !
. Thc |l shu!! scnd !hc Ml\S|RlMlNT RllORT mcssuc hcn rcncr!!n cr!!cr!u urc u!!!!cd
. Thc |l shu!! scnd !hc Ml\S|RlMlNT RllORT mcssuc hcn rcncr!!n cr!!cr!u urc u!!!!cd
Ccnncc!cd
: Mcdc
Cc!!_DCH
. 8
Ml\S|RlMlNT
RllORT
( ) DCCH
Mcusurcmcn!
Rcncr!!n
Cr!!cr!u
ucccrd!n !c
Cc!! !
Mcusurcmcn!
Rcncr!!n
Cr!!cr!u
ucccrd!n !c
Cc!! !
- Tn!ru rcqucncv Mcusurcmcn!
- Tn!ru rcqucncv Mcusurcmcn!
( ). Thc mcusurcmcn! rcncr!!n cr!!cr!u urc undu!cd us sccn us !hc cr!!nu! cc!! drcns cu! rcm !hc \c!!vc Sc! Nck!u Tmn!cmcn!u!!cn
( ). Thc mcusurcmcn! rcncr!!n cr!!cr!u urc undu!cd us sccn us !hc cr!!nu! cc!! drcns cu! rcm !hc \c!!vc Sc! Nck!u Tmn!cmcn!u!!cn
Ccnncc!cd
: Mcdc
Cc!!_DCH
. 4
Ml\S|RlMlNT
CONTROl
( ) DCCH
Nc!hbcur l!s!
Cc!!?
\dd!!!cn "!ndc
Cc!!?
Drcn "!ndc
Cc!!?
Drcn T!mc
Cc!!?
: llST Scrvcr Cc!!
?
: llST Scrvcr Cc!!
?
Mcusurcmcn!
Rcncr!!n
Cr!!cr!u
ucccrd!n !c
Cc!! ?
Mcusurcmcn!
Rcncr!!n
Cr!!cr!u
ucccrd!n !c
Cc!! ?
Rcncr!!n Cr!!cr!u |ndu!!n
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Neighbour List Measurement during SHO
Cc!! !
Cc!! ?
- Tn!ru rcqucncv Mcusurcmcn!
- Tn!ru rcqucncv Mcusurcmcn!
\dd!!!cn "!ndc
Cc!!!
Drcn "!ndc
Cc!!!
Drcn T!mc
Cc!!!
. ! Svs!cm
Tncrmu!!cn
( ) lCCH
: llST Scrvcr Cc!! !
: llST Scrvcr Cc!! !
Nc!hbcur l!s! Cc!! !
Nc!hbcur l!s! Cc!! !
Mcusurcmcn!
Rcncr!!n
Cr!!cr!u
ucccrd!n !c Cc!!
!
Mcusurcmcn!
Rcncr!!n
Cr!!cr!u
ucccrd!n !c Cc!!
!
: \c!!vc Sc! Cc!!
!
: \c!!vc Sc! Cc!!
!
?
8
5
?
8
5
. 8 Ml\S|RlMlNT RllORT
( ) DCCH
!\
!l
. G Ml\S|RlMlNT RllORT
( ) DCCH
. 4 \CTT\l SlT
|lD\Tl
. 8 Ml\S|RlMlNT
( ) CONTROl DCCH
\dd!!!cn "!ndc
Cc!!?
Drcn "!ndc
Cc!!?
Drcn T!mc
Cc!!?
: llST Scrvcr Cc!! ?
: llST Scrvcr Cc!! ?
Mcusurcmcn!
Rcncr!!n Cr!!cr!u
ucccrd!n !c Cc!! ?
Mcusurcmcn!
Rcncr!!n Cr!!cr!u
ucccrd!n !c Cc!! ?
Nc!hbcur l!s!
|ndu!c
!
8
4
!
8
4
Nc!hbcur l!s! Cc!! ?
Nc!hbcur l!s! Cc!! ?
: \c!!vc Sc! Cc!!
?
: \c!!vc Sc! Cc!!
?
. . Mcus Rcn
Cr!!cr!u
|ndu!c
Mcusurcmcn!
Rcncr!!n
Cr!!cr!u
ucccrd!n !c Cc!!
!
Mcusurcmcn!
Rcncr!!n
Cr!!cr!u
ucccrd!n !c Cc!!
!
8
!
4
?
5
8
!
4
?
5
Nc!hbcur l!s! Ccmb!nu!!cn
Nc!hbcur l!s! Ccmb!nu!!cn
Nc!hbcur l!s!
|ndu!c
. 5 Ml\S|RlMlNT
( ) CONTROl DCCH
: - \c!!vc Sc! Cc!!! Cc!!?
: - \c!!vc Sc! Cc!!! Cc!!?
. ?
Sc!u
n
Cu!!
. ?
Sc!u
n
Cu!!
. \CTT\l SlT
|lD\Tl
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Inter-RNC Soft HO
Inter-RNC soft Handovers are
performed if:
RNC: IurUPSupport indicates the
support of the user plane over Iur
HOPS: EnableInterRNCsho indicates
whether cell can participate in a SHO
lnub!cTn!crRNCshc
cell
3
cell
2
cell
1
cell
4
cell
6
cell
5
RNC
RNC
Tur|lSunncr!
lnub!cTn!crRNCshc
, O !hcr !sc H C
chccks hc!hcr
H urd H undcvcr !s
ncss!b!c
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Handover Control
Handover Types
Intra-Frequency Handover:
Parameters Mapping
SHO Events and Measurements
Hard Handover & RRC Connection Release
SRNS Relocation
GSM ISHO
Appendix
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Hard Handover
If RNC is not able to add (Event 1A) to or replace (Event 1C) an Ncell from
the AS, UE sends periodic measurement reports
(AdditionReportingInterval / ReplacementReportingInterval) until;
Ncell is added/replaced in to AS
Ncell leaves reporting range
HO no longer required (e.g. different Ncell enters AS)
RNC may not be able to add/replace Ncell due to (a) Iur congestion or (b)
inter-RNC SHO is prevented due to setting of EnableInterRNCsho
(HOPS) (Point 1 in next slide)
If CPICH E
C
/N
O
of non-active Ncell continues to increase it will cause
additional interference due to a non-optimal connection (point 2)
!
?
N - ?OOG Nck!u
HHO decision
To avoid excessive uplink interference, RNC will perform an intra-
frequency hard Handover if either of the following criteria are
met
+ \vclcNcDcn!!nk HHcMur!nlcr\vclcNc( ) < n
( ) \vlcNcNcc!! n
+ lcNcDcn!!nk HHcMur!nlcuklcNc( ) < ( ) n lcNcNcc!! n
( ) = \vclcNcDcn!!nk und \vlcNcNcc!! n mcusurcd vu!ucs cr !hc bcs! \S cc!!
und !hc n
!h
, NS cc!! uvcrucd cvcr lcNc\vcru!n"!ndc mcusurcmcn!s
( ) = lcNcDcn!!nk und lcNcNcc!! n !ns!un!unccus vu!ucs
Intra-Frequency Handover
SRNS Relocation
Traffic Balancing
GSM ISHO
Appendix
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Inter-RNC Mobility
Most of the times the UE hands over among WBTS belonging to the same RNC
(Intra-RNC Handovers)
However, what happens when the target WBTS is under a different WBTS??
3GPP gives two different options to handle inter-RNC mobility in WCDMA
Anchoring: the UE will be connected to the CN via the old RNC. It is required
Iur connection between the RNCs involved
SRNS relocation: the UE will be connected to the CN via the new RNC. It is the
Nokia implemented method
* ) SRNS rc!ccu!!cn nccds ccrc
nc! crk
; sunncr! | l sunncr! m undu!crv !n
8G ll
CN
RNC RNC
Tu Tu
Tur
CN
RNC RNC
Tu
Tu
Tur
\nchcr!n
CN
RNC RNC
Tu Tu
Tur
CN
RNC RNC
Tu Tu
Tur
*) SRNS rc!ccu!!cn
N - ?OOG Nck!u
RNC
RNC
RNC
RNC
RNC
RNC
RNC
RNC
RNC
RNC
SRNS Rc!ccu!!cn
SRNS Rc!ccu!!cn SRNS Rc!ccu!!cn
SRNS Rc!ccu!!cn
Cu!! !!! drcn
SRNC unchcrcd
( ) \nchcr RNC SRNC
SRNS \nchcr!n
( ), , \!cr !hc !us! brunch rcm !hc SRNC hus bccn dc!c!cd cvcn! !b und u!! !hc Rl bc!cn !c !hc DRNC !hc Rc!ccu!!cn !s !r!crcd
SRNS Relocation
N - ?OOG Nck!u
SRNC Relocation
The SRNC relocation is used for moving the SRNC functionality from
one RNC to another RNC, that is, closer to where the UE has moved
during the communication. Both the radio access network and the
core network are involved
Rc!ccu!!cnSunncr!
=!
NrncRc!ccu!!cnSunncr!
=!
S!ur!
Rc!cclrcn
S!cn
Rc!cclrcn
S!ur!
Rc!ccOvcru!!
S!cn
Rc!ccOvcru!!
S!ur!
Rc!ccOvcru!!
S!cn
Rc!ccOvcru!!
N - ?OOG Nck!u
SRNC Relocation Parameters
TRelocPrep : range = 1 ... 16 s, step 1 s, default = 6s
Specifies the maximum time for Relocation Preparation procedure in the source RNC. The
timer is set when a Relocation Required message is sent. The timer is stopped when a
Relocation Command or a Relocation Preparation Failure message is received
TRelocOverall : range = 1 ... 16 s, step 1 s, default = 8s
This timer is used in both source and target RNC. In the source RNC specifies the maximum
time for the protection of overall Relocation procedure. It is set in the source RNC when a
Relocation Command message is received; and it is stopped when an Iu Release
Command is received, or the relocation procedure is cancelled.
The timer is set in the target RNC when a Relocation Request Acknowledge message is
sent. The timer is stopped when a Relocation Complete message is sent, or the relocation
procedure is cancelled
T_Reloc_Inhibit_NRT : fixed to 5s
The timer is started in source RNC when a SRNC relocation procedure is triggered for a NRT
RAB(s) in a Cell_DCH state. The SRNC relocation procedure is inhibited as long as a DCH
is used for the NRT RAB(s) or this timer expires
TDataFwd : fixed to 4s
The timer is set when a SRNS Data Forward Command message (or a Relocation Command
message) is received from the PS CN. The timer is internally stopped in the SRNC when
the SRNS Data Forwarding procedure has been completed
RelocationSupport : range = 0 (Not supported), 1 (Supported), default value = 1
RNC object parameter, identifies whether the Core Network supports the relocation of
SRNC or not
NrncRelocationSupport : range = 0 (Not supported), 1 (Supported), default = 1
RNC object parameter, identifies whether a neighbouring RNC supports relocation of SRNC
or not
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Handover Control
Handover Types
Intra-Frequency Handover
SRNS Relocation
GSM ISHO
Appendix
N - ?OOG Nck!u
IFHO/ISHO Process Overview
HO Tr!cr!n Thrcshc!ds sc! !n
RNC
HO Tr!cr!n Thrcshc!ds sc! !n
RNC
lvcn! Tr!crcd
/ Ccvcruc Cunuc!!v
buscd HO u!!!!cd !n RNC
lvcn! Tr!crcd
/ Ccvcruc Cunuc!!v
buscd HO u!!!!cd !n RNC
( ) RNC ccmmunds sc!cc!cd |l s !c
s!ur!
/ Tl TS mcusurcmcn!s
( ) RNC ccmmunds sc!cc!cd |l s !c
s!ur!
/ Tl TS mcusurcmcn!s
Mcusurcmcn!s urc dcnc !n
( ) Ccmnrcsscd Mcdc CM
Mcusurcmcn!s urc dcnc !n
( ) Ccmnrcsscd Mcdc CM
|l rcncr!s GSM cc!!s !!h
s!rcncs! RSST s!nu!s !c RNC
|l rcncr!s GSM cc!!s !!h
s!rcncs! RSST s!nu!s !c RNC
RNC mukcs HO dcc!s!cn und
ccmmunds |l !c !urc! cc!!
RNC mukcs HO dcc!s!cn und
ccmmunds |l !c !urc! cc!!
RSST mcusurcmcn!s und lSTC
vcr!!cu!!cn cr GSM cc!!s
RSST mcusurcmcn!s und lSTC
vcr!!cu!!cn cr GSM cc!!s
D!crcn! dcc!s!cn mc!hcds cr Tl HO
On!v cnc dcc!s!cn mc!hcd cr TS HO
/ 5 Ccvcruc Cunuc!!v HO Rcuscns
\bcu! ?5 HO nurumc!crs
Rcncr!!n cc!!s urc uc!!vc sc! cc!!s
( ) + , . mux 8 mux G TlHO mux G TSHO nc!hb
Mux 8? nc!hbcurs ccu!d bc mcusurcd
( - ) 8! Tn!ru lrcq nc!hbcurs
- 48 Tn!cr lrcq nc!hbcurs
- 8? Tn!cr Svs!cm nc!hbcurs cun bc mcusurcd
N - ?OOG Nck!u
IFHO/ISHO measurements- difference
IF measurements
IS measurements
Intra-Frequency Handover
SRNS Relocation
GSM ISHO
Appendix
N - ?OOG Nck!u
IF/IS Handover Measurement Triggering Reasons
. 4 Dl DlCH unnrcuchcs !!s
mux!mum u!!ccd nccr
: lMCT TlHOcuuscTxlrDl
: lMCG GSMcuuscTxlrDl
. 5 Ouu!!!v dc!cr!cru!!cn rcncr!
rcm |l cu!cr !ccn lC
: lMCT TlHOcuusc|n!!nkOuu!!!v
: lMCG GSMcuusc|n!!nkOuu!!!v
. 8 |l Tx nccr
unnrcuchcs !!s
, mux!mum u!!ccd nccr
/ cvcn! G\ GD
: lMCT TlHOcuuscTxlr|l
: lMCG GSMcuuscTxlr|l
. ? lc mcusurcd ubsc!u!c
, / ClTCH RSCl cvcn!s !l !l
: lMCT TlHOcuuscClTCHrscn,
: lMCG GSMcuuscClTCHrscn
. ! lc mcusurcd ubsc!u!c
/ , / ClTCH lc Nc cvcn! !l !l
: lMCT TlHOcuuscClTCHlcNc
: lMCG GSMcuuscClTCHlcNc
Mcusurcmcn!
Tr!cr
. G O!hcrs
- lcud und Scrv!cc buscd HO
- TMST buscd HO
- lmcrcncv TSHO
- = lrcqucncv Mcusur!n Ccn!rc! cr Tn!cr lrcqucncv lMCT
- ( ) = lrcqucncv Mcusur!n Ccn!rc! cr Tn!cr Svs!cm GSM lMCG
N - ?OOG Nck!u
1. Measurement trigger CPICH Ec/No
: Rcncr!!n cvcn! !l: - \ l ClTCH cxcccds u n ubsc!u!c !hrcshc!d
!l: - ( \ l ClTCH u!!s bc!c un ubsc!u!c !hrcshc!d HO
!r!crcd ! u!!)
!!mc
Cc!! ! Cc!! ?
Cc!! 8
ubsc!u!c
!hrcshc!d
.
.
c
-
l
C
l
T
C
H
/
l
c
N
c
: !l HHclcNcCuncc!
: !l HHclcNcCuncc!T!mc
: !l HHclcNcThrcshc!d
: !l HHclcNcT!mcHvs!crcs!s
N - ?OOG Nck!u
1. Measurement trigger CPICH Ec/No
RNC starts IF/IS measurement when event 1F occurs for all cells in the active
set: A Primary CPICH becomes less than an absolute threshold
RNC stops IF/IS measurement when event 1E occurs for at least one cell of the
active set : A Primary CPICH becomes better than an absolute threshold
Note:IF/IS measurements can be stopped if event 1Fs are cancelled by
events 1E only when IFHO/ISHO was not successful and only inside
the time between CMmeasurements, specifiedby the time
InterFreqMinMeasInterval GsmMinMeasInterval/default 10s,
recommendation 2s .
Filtering applied before event evaluation in the UE:
FMCS: EcNoFilterCoefficient/0= 200ms filtering period
N - ?OOG Nck!u
1. Measurement trigger CPICH Ec/No
Event 1E parameters:
Triggering conditions: Active set cells
Hysteresis: not used in 1F
Threshold used frequency: FMCS : HHoEcNoCancel/ -20 dB
Time-to-trigger: FMCS: HHoEcNoCancelTime/ 1280 ms
Amount of reporting: infinity
Reporting interval: not applied
Reporting cell status: max 3 active cells
Event 1F parameters:
Triggering conditions: Active set cells
hysteresis: not used in 1F
Threshold used frequency: FMCS : HHoEcNoThreshold / - 22 dB (range 0..-24 dB)
Time-to-trigger: FMCS: HHoEcNoTimeHysteresis / 640 ms (range 0..5000ms)
Amount of reporting: infinity
Reporting interval: not applied
Reporting cell status: max 3 active cells
N - ?OOG Nck!u
2. Measurement trigger CPICH RSCP
UE continually monitors pilot channels of BTSs in AS
If RSCP of a Node B falls below threshold, HHoRscpThreshold, UE sends
event 1F report
RNC starts IF/IS measurements when event 1F occurs for all cells in AS
RNC stops IF/IS measurements when event 1E occurs for at least one cell of AS
Note:IF/IS measurements can be stopped if event 1Fs are cancelled by
events 1E only when IFHO/ISHO was not successful and only inside
the time between CMmeasurements, specifiedby the time
InterFreqMinMeasInterval GsmMinMeasInterval/default 10s,
recommendation 2s .
UE filtering applied before event evaluation using HHoRscpFilterCoefficient
(FMCS) /200ms, range 2001600ms
N - ?OOG Nck!u
2. Measurement trigger CPICH RSCP
Event 1E (A primary CPICH exceeds an absolute threshold) parameters:
Triggering conditions: Active set cells
hysteresis: not used in 1E
Threshold used frequency: (FMCS) : HHoRscpCancel/ - 100 dBm
Time-to-trigger: (FMCS): HHoRscpCancelTime/ 1280 ms
Amount of reporting: infinity
Reporting interval: not applied
Reporting cell status: max 3 active cells
c
r
|l Trunsm!!!cd
lccr Tx
Thrcshc!d
Gl
G\
GD
( m!n |l!xlccrMuxDlCH, ) l_M\\
G\: Thc |l Tx nccr cxcccds un ubsc!u!c !hrcshc!d
Gl: Thc |l Tx nccr u!!s bc!c un ubsc!u!c !hrcshc!d
GD: ( Thc |l Tx nccr rcuchcs !!s mux!mum vu!uc Nc! uscd !n
) Nck!u R\N
Tn!crrcq|lTxlrT!mcHvs!
GSM|lTxlrT!mcHvs!
N - ?OOG Nck!u
3. Measurement trigger UE Tx Pw (UL
Coverage)
RNC orders IF/IS measurements when one of the following event occurs:
Event 6A: The UE Tx power becomes larger than an absolute threshold
Event 6D: The UE Tx power reaches its maximum value
Also GSM measurements could be measured first depending on UE Tx power
values in IFHO and ISHO parameters
Only lower threshold is send to UE, so either WCDMA or GSM is
measured first, but also other RAT could be measured if not
good enough neighbor is found
In addition, the UL data rate allocated to the user must not exceed WCEL:
HHoMaxAllowedBitrateUL/32 kbits/s
RNC calls off inter-frequency measurements when event 6B occurs: the UE Tx
power becomes less than an absolute threshold.
Filtering applied before event evaluation in the UE.
FMCI : InterfreqUETxPwrFilterCoeff/8=10ms (range 10..480ms)
FMCG: GSMUETxPwrFilterCoeff/8 =10ms (range 10..480ms)
N - ?OOG Nck!u
3. Measurement trigger UE Tx Pw (UL
Coverage)
Event 6A parameters:
Time-to-trigger: 0s
UE Transmitted Power threshold = min (UEtxPowerMaxDPCH, Pmax)
UE_TX_POWER_threshold
UEtxPowerMaxDPCH is the maximum allowed UL tx power on DPCH in the
active cell (range -50..24 dBm, step 1, default 21 dBm), Pmax is the maximum
RF output power
UE_TX_POWER_Threshold depends on the type of service:
FMCI: InterfreqUETxPwrThrAMR/-3 dB (range -10..0, step1)
FMCI: InterfreqUETxPwrThrCS/-3 dB (same range and step)
FMCI: InterfreqUETxPwrThrNrtPS/-3 dB
FMCI: InterfreqUETxPwrThrRtPS/-3 dB
FMCG: GSMUETxPwrThrAMR/CS/NrtPS/RtPS -1/-3/-1/-3/ dB
Event 6B parameters: time-to-trigger
FMCI: InterfreqUETxPwrTimeHyst/1280 ms
FMCG: GSMUETxPwrTimeHyst/1280 ms
Event 6D parameter: time-to-trigger: 0s
N - ?OOG Nck!u
- Dl_ccdc_l"R lc crO sc!D ldncchl!!c! > l!x_Rl_mux +
Dl_DlCH_T\l"R_Thrcshc!d
4. Measurement trigger DL DPCH (DL
Coverage)
RNC orders UE to make IF/IS measurements when DL TX power of a single radio link reaches
threshold defined as:
: cxumn!c - > + +(- ) !OOdlm 88dlm \\\ !dl
: , NOTl l!!hcr "CDM\ cr GSM !!! bc mcusurcd nc! bc!h svs!cms
= D l_C O D l_l" R m cusurcd D l ccdc nc cr
- cn !hc n!!c! b!!s c !hc D lC C H !c!d
= + l!x_R l_m ux C lTC H l r M \ \ _D l_D lC H _ T\ l" R
= . C lTC H l r Tx nc cr c !hc C lTC H c un uc!!vc cc!! l!xlr!m urvC lTC H
( ) scrv!n RNC cr \ d(sC lTC H Txl r ( )/ , - dr!!!nRNC 88 dlm runc !O
, . 5O dl m s!cn O ! dl m
M \ \ _D l_D lC H _T\ l" R = m ux!m um !runsm !ss!cn nc cr !cvc!c !hc
, D lD C H svm bc!s u busc s!u!!cn cun usc cn !hc D lC H cxnrcsscd us u
rc!u!!vc vu!uc !c !hc C lTC H nc cr
= D l_D lC H _T\ l" R _Thrcshc!d dcncnds cn !hc scrv!cc !vnc
: / / / - /- /- /- ( lM C T Tn!crrcqD lTxl rThr\ M R C S R !lS N r!lS ! 8 8 ! dl runc
- .. , . ) !O dl O s!cn O 5 dl
: / / / - /- /- /- ( - lM C G G SM D lTxl rThr\ M R C S R !lS N r!lS ! 8 8 ! dl runc !O
.. , . ) dl O s!cn O 5 dl
, Tn \ dd!!!cn !hc D l du!u ru!c u!!ccu!cd !c !hc uscr m us! nc! cxcccd
: " C ll H H c M u x\ !!c c d l !!ru !c D l
N - ?OOG Nck!u
4. Measurement trigger DL DPCH (DL
Coverage)
Ncdc l
RNC
DCH Du!u lrumc
Tub
UE
lO!
Tl
C
l!!c
!
b!!s
nc!
uscd
Tl
CT
Du!u ? b!!s
Du!u !
b!!s
lO?
- Dl_CODl_l"R
lccrOsc!Dldncchl!!c!
+ l!x_Rl_mux
Dl_DlCH_T\l"R_THRlSHOlD
( . . ) Mux lccr cn DlCH c 88 dlm
Scrv!n
"CDM\
cc!!
!!mc
T! s !!mc !c
!r!cr
HO
mcusurcmcn!s
!n !hc |l
. . c Rud!c l!nk Mcusurcmcn! Rcncr!
( . . ) c Trunsm!!!cd Ccdc lccr \u!uc
HHcMux\!!ccdl!!ru!cDl
: lxumn!c Snccch
> + (- ) + (- ) lccr Du!u l!!s 88dlm 8dl !dl
> (~ ) lccr Du!u l!!s ?O dlm !"
Mux lccr cn Chunnc!
N - ?OOG Nck!u
5. Measurement trigger UL Quality
Enable reports from Outer-loop Power Control Controller to trigger IF/IS HO, RNC:
EnableULQualDetRep/default 0=no, 1=yes
Time duration for which BER/BLER target has not been reached, despite SIR target
at maximum level, RNC: ULQualDetRepThreshold/5 s, 0.5..5, step 0.5s
In addition, the UL data rate allocated to the user must not exceed WCEL:
HHoMaxAllowedBitrateUL (default value: 32 kbits/s)
N - ?OOG Nck!u
5. Measurement trigger UL Quality
T
u
r
c
!
S
T
R
Mux STR !urc!
M!n STR !urc!
\c!uu! STR !urc!
!s! Ouu!!!v dc!cr!cru!!cn rcncr! rcm lC !c HC !ns!dc RNC
( ?nd Ouu!!!v dc!cr!cru!!cn rcncr! h!!c !hc ccnd!!!cn !s
) su!!s!cd !hc mcssuc !s ncr!cd!cu!!v rcncu!cd
dcuu!! 5s !!mc
STR
STR
RNC
( ) |lOuu!Dc!RcnThrcshc!d rcccmmcndu!!cn ? s
lnub!c|lOuu!Dc!Rcn
HHcMux\!!ccdl!!ru!c|l
RNC
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Handover Control
Handover Types
Intra-Frequency Handover:
SRNS Relocation
Forced AMR voice call handover to GSM
GSM ISHO
Appendix
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Dcc!s!cn \!cr!!hm
( ) |l Tx lccr lvcn! G\\Gl
: Thrcshc!d
Tn!crlrcq|lTxlrThr\\
: l8 !!!cr
* Tn!crlrcq|lTxlrl!!!crCcc
( Hvs!crcs!s mur!n !!mc !c
): !r!cr
* Tn!crlrcq|lTxlrT!mcHvs!
Du!u ru!c !hrcshc!d
* HHOM\x\!!ccdl!!ru!c|l
|l Ouu!!!v
: T!mcr
|lOuu!Dc!RcnThrcshc!d
Du!u ru!c !hrcshc!d
HHOM\x\!!ccdl!!ru!c|l
Dl DlCH nccr
: Thrcshc!d
Tn!crlrcqDlTxlrThr\\
Du!u ru!c !hrcshc!d
HHOM\x\!!ccdl!!ru!cDl
( = , , ) \\ \MR Nr!lS R!lS
( ) ClTCH RSCl lvcn! !l
: Thrcshc!ds
HHcRscnThrcshc!d
HHcRscnCuncc!
: l8 !!!cr
HHcRscnl!!!crCcc!c!cn!
*
: T!mc !c !r!cr
* HHcRscnT!mcHvs!crcs!s
* HHcRscnCuncc!T!mc
/ ( ) ClTCH lc Tc lvcn! !l
: Thrcshc!ds
HHclcNcThrcshc!d
HHclcNcCuncc!
: l8 !!!cr
* lcNcl!!!crCcc!c!cn!
: T!mc !c !r!cr
* HHclcNcT!mcHvs!crcs!s
* HHclcNcCuncc!T!mc
\d(!l!cssMur!n
\d(!M!nlcNc
\d(!M!nRSCl
\d(!TxlrDlCH
\d(!lcNcMur!n
InterFreqMaxMeasPeriod *
InterFreqMeasRepInterval *
InterFreqNcellSearchPeriod *
InterFreqMinHoInterval *
InterFreqMinMeasInterval *
InterFreqMeasAveWindow *
Hundcvcr Tr!cr!n
Hundcvcr lxccu!!cn
Tl HO mcus ccn!rc! nurumc!crs
(* = ) nurumc!crs u!rcudv cn!!m!scd
IFHO Parameters
( !n b!uc = ) nurumc!crs undcr s!udv
: ! mcrc cn!!cnu! !r!cr !n R\NO4
TMST buscd TlHO
N - ?OOG Nck!u
IFHO measurements
After HO triggering message is sent to RNC, a RRC message
Measurement Control is sent to UE containing details of the
measurement that the UE must execute. Measurement reporting is
periodical. Max 6 IF cells can be reported. No filtering in measurements
by UE.
InterFreqMeasRepInterval * InterFreqNcellSearchPeriod).
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Dcc!s!cn \!cr!!hm
( ) |l Tx lccr lvcn! G\
: Thrcshc!d
Gsm|lTxlrThr\\
: l8 !!!cr
Gsm|lTxlrl!!!crCcc
: Hvs!crcs!s mur!n
Gsm|lTxlrT!mcHvs!
Du!u ru!c !hrcshc!d
HHOM\x\!!ccdl!!ru!c|l
|l Ouu!!!v
: T!mcr
|lOuu!Dc!RcnThrcshc!d
Du!u ru!c !hrcshc!d
HHOM\x\!!ccdl!!ru!c|l
Dl DlCH nccr
: Thrcshc!d
GsmDlTxlrThr\\
Du!u ru!c !hrcshc!d
HHOM\x\!!ccdl!!ru!cDl
( = , , , ) \\ \MR CS Nr!lS R!lS
( ) ClTCH RSCl lvcn! !l
: Thrcshc!ds
HHcRscnThrcshc!d
HHcRscnCuncc!
: l8 !!!cr
HHcRscnl!!!crCcc!c!cn!
: T!mcrs
HHcRscnT!mcHvs!crcs!s
HHcRscnCuncc!T!mc
/ ( ) ClTCH lc Tc lvcn! !l
: Thrcshc!ds
HHclcNcThrcshc!d
HHclcNcCuncc!
: l8 !!!cr
Dcnc u!rcudv cr SHO
: T!mcrs
HHclcNcT!mcHvs!crcs!s
HHclcNcCuncc!T!mc
\d(TxlrMuxTCH
( ) \d(RxlcvM!nHO n
GsmMcus\vc"!ndc
GsmMcusRcnTn!crvu!
GsmNcc!!Scurchlcr!cd
GsmM!nMcusTn!crvu!
GsmMuxMcuslcr!cd
Hundcvcr Tr!cr!n
Hundcvcr lxccu!!cn
- - ?G !c 8G buck nrcvcn!!cn
GsmM!nHcTn!crvu!
GSM mcusurcmcn! rcncr!!n
ISHO parameters
: ? mcrc cn!!cnu! !r!crs !n R\NO4
TMST buscd TSHO
( ) lmcrcncv TSHO lMTSHO
N - ?OOG Nck!u
ISHO measurements
After HO triggering message is sent to RNC, a RRC message Measurement
Control is sent to UE containing details of the measurement that the UE
must execute. Measurement reporting is periodical. Max 6 GSM cells could be
measured by UE and reported to RNC. No filtering in measurements by UE
Upon reception of the measurements reported by the UE, RNC applies a sliding
averaging window to the RXLEV measurements. The averaged levels are
used as input to the IS-HO decision algorithm.
RNC
: RRC Mcusurcmcn! ccn!rc! mcssuc
( ) GSM RSST mcusurcmcn!s
|l
RNC
R\ll\ mcusurcmcn!s urc rcncr!cd !hrcuh
Mcusurcmcn! rcncr! mcssucs
|l
: RRC Mcusurcmcn! rcncr!
: RRC Mcusurcmcn! rcncr!
Thc !rs! mcusurcmcn!
rcncr!
hus !nc rcm !hc
: bcs! GSM cc!!
& , lCCH rcq RSST nc
!!!cr!n
uscd !n |l
GsmMcusRcnTn!crvu!
( . ) dcuu!! O 5s
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Measurement Control Parameters: FMCG
GSMMeasRepInterval: 0.5 seconds
This is the interval between measurement reports, which are sent to BTS
This parameter should be kept to 0.5 seconds. Increasing the reporting
interval would increase the IS-HO process delay.
GSMMinMeasInterval:10 s
This is Minimum Measurement Interval, wait time when the following CM
starts. In case of an unsuccessful IS-HO attempt, the network will
deactivate compressed mode for a time period given by this parameter,
thus better value will be 2 s to speed up the reactivation of CM.
GSMMeasAveWindow: 6
This is Measurement Averaging Window size, sliding window is used
GSMMaxMeasPeriod: 20 reports
This is Maximum Measurement Period which determines the maximum
allowed duration of the inter-sytem measurement
If the RNC is not able to execute an inter-system Handover, it shall stop
the inter-system measurements after the UE has sent the predefined
number of measurement reports to the RNC.
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Measurement Control Parameters: FMCG
Maximum allowed duration of the inter-system measurement is calculated:
GSMMeasRepInterval * GSMMaxMeasPeriod (=0.5*20s) =10s,
This seems to be too long time, because based on field measurements BSIC
and RSSI delays are about 3 seconds, so it makes senses to reduce the value
of this parameter to some value about 3 seconds, otherwise, if the BSIC or
RSSI measurements fail or if the IS-HO execution is not possible to due low
GSM RSSI levels, the network will not deactivate compressed mode until the
timer of 10 seconds has expired. Thus, decreasing the parameter value will
allow the UE/network to initiate a new IS-HO attempt. Proposed value for
GSMMaxMeasPeriod is 6
GSMNcellSearchPeriod: 0
This is neighbor cell search period parameter, ISHO is not allowed until the are
enough measurement reports given by this parameter
O means that only 1 measurement result is enough for decision making
Duration of the cell search period is calculated:
GSMRepInterval * GSMNcellSearchPeriod).
N - ?OOG Nck!u
ISHO: BSIC Verification
After the selection of the target GSM cell, the RNC sends to UE the RRC
message "Measurement control which includes details to measure BSIC .
UE stops RSSI measurements and updates the transmission gap pattern to the
pattern used for BSIC decoding. The measurement reports are sent
periodically to RNC.
If the UE is unable to decode the BSIC during the given period, the BSIC
measurement operation is aborted.
RNC
: RRC Mcusurcmcn! ccn!rc! mcssuc
( ) lSTC dcccd!n
"CDM\
- TS HO !r!cr Turc! Cc!! cund
- TS HO
ccmmund
. RSST mcus lSTC vcr!!cu!!cn
Numbcrs c GSM cc!!s !n
!hc
nc!hbcr cc!! !!s!
Rcncr!!n !n!crvu!
S!!d!n uvcru!n !ndc
Trunsm!ss!cn un nu!!crn
cr
RSST mcusurcmcn!s
T
lSTC
: dcncnds cn
Trunsm!ss!cn un nu!!crn cr
lSTC dcccd!n
T
RSST
dcncnds cn
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Handover Control
Handover Types
Intra-Frequency Handover
SRNS Relocation
GSM ISHO
Appendix
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Compressed Mode in Uplink
GSM lTS "CDM\ lTS
Dl
( Dl CM !h!s shcu!d bc c
) hcn GSM !s mcusurcd
( ) |l CM nccdcd !c uvc!d !n!crcrcncc
Dur!n "CDM\ !runsm!ss!cn
s!nu! !cukuc !!! c !c GSM
Rx u!sc
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Compressed Mode (CM)
CM was introduced to WCDMA to allow inter-frequency (system) Handovers
CM is used to create idle periods (gaps) in the transmission during which ncell
measurements on another frequency can be made
Gaps can be created using single or double frame approach (Nokia supports both)
Because same data amount is sent in a shorter time more power is needed during CM
(both in UE and BTS)
Intra-Frequency Handover:
SRNS Relocation
GSM ISHO
Appendix
N - ?OOG Nck!u
, . T! !s nc! su!c!cn! !c huvc !r!crs h!ch dc!cc! !hu! u Hundcvcr hus !c bc dcnc
, - , Cr!!cr!u urc rcqu!rcd !c dcc!dc hc!hcr !c currv cu! un !n!ru rcqucncv
- , - !n!cr rcqucncv cr !n!cr R\T Hundcvcr ! !hcrc !s !hc ncss!b!!!!v cr u
! Hundcvcr u! u!!
, - Ccnd!!!cns shcn hcrc huvc !c bc su!!s!cd bccrc un !n!cr rcqucncv Hundcvcr cun
. bc ccnduc!cd Thc bcs! nc!hbcr !n cc!! mus! u!!! c!!c!n cr!!cr!u ( bcs!
/ ): ucccrd!n !c lc Nc
Ouu!!!v Cr!!cr!cn !n cusc !r!cr us / : Dl DlCH lccr cr ClTCH lc Nc
( ) > ( ) \\l_RSCl_NClll n \d(!M!nRSCl n + ( , ( ) mux O \d(!TxlrDlCH n -
) l_M\\
> + S!nu! !cvc! rcm nc cc!! rcqu!rcd S!nu! !cvc! !n nc cc!! ud(us!mcn! duc
!c u!!ccd nccr
( ) > + ( ) \\l_lcNc_NClll n \\l_ClTCH_lcNc \d(!lcNcMur!n n
+ lcNc cn nc cc!! bc!!cr !hun lcNc !n c!d cc!! mur!n
lu!h!css Cr!!cr!cn !n cusc !r!cr us , |l Tx lccr ClTCH RSCl cr
|l DlCH Ouu!!!v:
( ) > ( ) \\l_lcNc_NClll n \d(!M!nlcNc n
( ) lcNc cn nc cc!! bc!!cr !hun rcqu!rcd lcNc !n nc cc!! dcuu!! !4 dl
- > ClTCH_lO"lR \\l_ClTCH_RSCl
( ) - ClTCH_lO"lR_NClll n ( ) + \\l_RSCl_NClll n
( ) \d(!l!cssMur!n n
> + ( ) lu!hlcss !n c!d cc!! lu!hlcss !n nc cc!! Mur!n dcuu!! ? dl
( ) ccn!!nucd
IFHO Decision
N - ?OOG Nck!u
: RRC Ml\S|RlMlNT CONTROl ( ) Tl mcus dc!u!!s
|l
: TSHO !r!crcd
. lvcn! G\\!l
RNC
: RRC Ml\S|RlMlNT RllORT ( ..) lvcn! G\\!l
: RRC Ml\S|RlMlNT RllORT ( , ) ClN TGlS
Rud!c l!nk
Sc!un
lcr!cd!c Tl
mcus
Rcncr!!n
: RRC lHYSTC\l CH\NNll RlCONlTG|R\TTON ( ) T!m!n Tnd!cu!!cn
: RRC lHYSTC\l CH\NNll RlCONlTG COMlllTl
Hundcvcr
Dcc!s!cn
.
.
Ccmnrcsscd Mcdc
Ccmnrcsscd Mcdc
nurumc!crs
Thcrc !s bud
quu!!!v
ccnd!!!cns !n !hc
. . !!nk
"!!h !hc
!ncrmu!!cn
, c!!cn !hc RNC
usscss !hc bcs!
, cc!! und dcc!dcs
!c u!!cmn! u TlHO
!c !!
IF HO Signalling
: RRC lHYSTC\l CH\NNll RlCONlTG|R\TTON
: RRC lHYSTC\l CH\NNll RlCONlTG COMlllTl
Tl mcusurcmcn! sc!un und
Ccmnrcsscd Mcdc uc!!vu!!cn
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Inter-frequency HO Quality Criteria
HO'
) u ( ) > ( ) \\l_RSCl_NClll n \d(!M!nRSCl n + ( , ( ) ) mux O \d(!TxlrDlCH n l_M\\
) b ( ) > + ( ) \\l_lcNc_NClll n \\l_ClTCH_lcNc \d(!lcNcMur!n n
( ) \d(!M!nRSCl n
( , ( ) - ) mux O \d(!TxlrDlCH n l_M\\
) b
( ) \d(!M!nlcNc n
( ) \d(!lcNcMur!n n
( ) \\l_lcNc_NClll n
) u
( ) > \\l_lcNc_NClll n
+ ( ) \\l_ClTCH_lcNc \d(!lcNcMur!n n
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Inter-frequency HO Pathloss Criteria
) u ( ) > ( ) \\l_lcNc_NClll n \d(!M!nlcNc n
) b - ClTCH_lO"lR \\l_ClTCH_RSCl
> ( ) - ( ) + ClTCH_lO"lR_NClll n \\l_RSCl_NClll n
( ) \d(!l!cssMur!n n
bcs! uc!!vc sc!
cc!!
( ) \d(!l!cssMur!n n
bcs! !n!cr-rcqucncv
cc!!
) b
( ) > ( ) \\l_lcNc_NClll n \d(!M!nlcNc n
( ) \d(!M!nlcNc n
) u
N - ?OOG Nck!u
: Thc mcun!n c !hc nurumc!crs !s
( ) \\l_RSCl_NClll n und \\l_lcNc_NClll ( ) n / urc !hc uvcrucd ClTCH lc Nc und
( / ) ( ). RSCl vu!ucs c !hc bcs! ucccrd!n !c ClTCH lc Nc nc!hbcr cc!! n
\\l_ClTCH_lcNc / . !s !hc uvcrucd ClTCH lc Nc c !hc bcs! uc!!vc sc! cc!!
l_M\\ . !s !hc mux!mum |l nccr cunub!!!!v
( ) \d(!M!nRSCl n : - ..- , , : - Runc !!5 ?5 dlm s!cn ! dlm Dcuu!! vu!uc !OO dlm
( ) - Dc!crm!ncs !hc m!n!mum rcqu!rcd ClTCH RSCl dlm !cvc! !n !hc bcs! !n!cr
( ). rcqucncv nc!hbcr cc!! n
\d(!TxlrDlCH : - .. , Runc 5O 88 dlm s!cn ! dlm Tnd!cu!cs !hc mux!mum
!runsm!ss!cn nccr !cvc! !hu! un |l muv usc cn !hc DlCH !n !hc nc!hbcr
. cc!! T! !s uscd !n !hc Tl hundcvcr dcc!s!cn u!cr!!hm
( ) \d(!lcNcMur!n n : - .. , . : Runc ?4 ?4 dl s!cn O 5 dl Dcuu!! vu!uc ! dl dc!crm!ncs
( ) / ( ) !hc mur!n dl bv h!ch !hc ClTCH lc Nc c !hc bcs! nc!hbcr cc!! n mus!
/ - cxcccd !hc ClTCH lc Nc c !hc bcs! uc!!vc sc! cc!! bccrc !hc !n!cr rcqucncv
hundcvcr !s ncss!b!c
( \d(!M!nlcNc n) : - .. , . : - Runc ?4 O dl s!cn O 5 dl Dcuu!! vu!uc !8 dl dc!crm!ncs
/ ( ) - !hc m!n!mum rcqu!rcd ClTCH lc Nc dl !n !hc !n!cr rcqucncv bcs! nc!hbcr
( ) cc!! n bccrc !hc TlHO !s ncss!b!c
( \d(!l!cssMur!n n) : - .. , : Runc 5O !OO dl s!cn ! dl Dcuu!! vu!uc ? dl dc!crm!ncs
( ) !hc mur!n dl bv h!ch !hc nrcnuu!!cn !css c !hc bcs! uc!!vc sc! cc!!
( ) mus! cxcccd !hc nrcnuu!!cn !css c !hc bcs! nc!hbcr cc!! n bccrc !hc
- !n!cr rcqucncv Hundcvcr !s ncss!b!c
IFHO Parameters
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Handover Control
Handover Types
Intra-Frequency Handover:
SRNS Relocation
Appendix
N - ?OOG Nck!u
, - Thc c!!c!n ccnd!!!cns huvc !c bc su!!s!cd bccrc un !n!cr svs!cm Hundcvcr cun
. ( bc ccnduc!cd Thc bcs! nc!hbcr!n cc!! mus! u!!! c!!c!n cr!!cr!cn bcs!
/ ): ucccrd!n !c lc Nc
( ) \\l_R\ll\_NCc!! n
> ( ) + \d(RxlcvM!nHO n m ( , ( ) - ux O \d(TxlrMuxTCH n l_mux)
hcrc
( ) \\l_R\ll\ _Ncc!! n !s !hc uvcrucd GSM curr!cr RSST vu!uc c !hc GSM
( ), ( nc!hbcr cc!! n uvcru!n dcnc d!rcc!!v rcm dlm vu!ucs nc !!ncur
) uvcru!n ; GSMMcus\vc"!ndc / , G ! 8? mcus rcncr!.
( ) ( ) \d(RxlcvM!nHO n dc!crm!ncs !hc m!n!mum Rcqu!rcd RSST dlm !cvc! c
( ). !hc nc!hbcr cc!! n
( ) \d(TxlrMuxTCH n !nd!cu!cd ! ( ) hc mux!mum Tx nccr !cvc! dlm un |l muv
( ). usc !n GSM nc!hbcr cc!! n
. l_M\\ !s !hc mux!mum |l nccr cunub!!!!v
, T scvcru! GSM cc!!s u!!! !hc cquu!!cn ubcvc cc!!s urc runkcd buscd cn : HOlG
\d(lr!cr!!vCcvcruc/ , O runc O
\ cc!! !s runkcd h!hcr !hun unc!hcr cc!! ! !! hus u h!hcr nr!cr!!v
!cvc! cvcn !hcuh !!s s!nu! s!rcn!h ccnd!!!cn us crsc
- Tn!cr svs!cm HO ccu!d bc crb!ddcn dur!n !hc !rs! mcusurcmcn!s rcncr!s rcm !hc
, - |l !c !c! !hc |l rcncr! u!! !hc cund!du!c !n!cr svs!cm cc!!s !n !!s nc!hbcr
. hccd
lMCG Ncc!!Scurchlcr!cd / O
ISHO Decision
N - ?OOG Nck!u
( ) \d(RxlcvM!nHO n
m ( , ( ) - ) ux O \d(TxlrMuxTCH n l_mux
( ) > ( ) + \\l_R\ll\_NCc!! n \d(RxlcvM!nHO n m ( , ( ) - ) ux O \d(TxlrMuxTCH n l_mux
GSM cc!!
ISHO Decision
N - ?OOG Nck!u
lSTC vcr!!cu!!cn u!uvs ncrcrmcd cr \MR cu!!s nc !n!crrun! !n
vc!cc cu!!
CN |l Ncdc l RNC
: RRC Mcusurcmcn! Rcncr!
: RRC Mcusurcmcn!
Ccn!rc!
: Nl\l Rud!c l!nk Rcccn!uru!!cn
lrcnurc
: Nl\l Rud!c l!nk Rcccn!uru!!cn
Rcudv
: Nl\l Rud!c l!nk Rcccn!uru!!cn
Ccmm!!
: RRC lhvs!cu! Chunnc!
Rcccn!uru!!cn
: RRC lhvs!cu! Chunnc! Rcccn!uru!!cn
Ccmn!c!c
: Nl\l Ccmnrcsscd Mcdc Ccmmund
: RRC Mcusurcmcn! Rcncr!
: RRC Mcusurcmcn!
Ccn!rc!
: Nl\l Ccmnrcsscd Mcdc Ccmmund
: RRC Mcusurcmcn! Rcncr!
: RRC Mcusurcmcn!
Ccn!rc!
: RRC Hundcvcr rcm |TR\N Ccmmund
GSM lSTC
Tdcn!!!cu!!cn
GSM RSST
Mcusurcmcn!
TSHO !r!cr!n
( 8 rcuscns urc
) ncss!b!c
Tn!!!u!
Ccmnrcsscd Mcdc
Ccn!uru!!cn
: R\N\l Rc!ccu!!cn
Rcqu!rcd
: R\N\l Rc!ccu!!cn
Ccmmund
: R\N\l T| Rc!cusc
Ccmmund
: R\N\l T| Rc!cusc
Ccmn!c!c
ISHO 3G -> 2G - AMR Signalling
Flow
N - ?OOG Nck!u
( Tn mcs! cuscs lSTC vcr!!cu!!cn !s nc! rcqu!rcd du!u !n!crrun! us |l
) mcvcs !c ?G
: lS mukcs usc c RRC Clll CH\NGl ORDlR lROM |TR\N mcssuc
|l Ncdc l RNC
: RRC Mcusurcmcn! Rcncr!
: RRC Mcusurcmcn! Ccn!rc!
: Nl\l Rud!c l!nk Rcccn!uru!!cn
lrcnurc
: Nl\l Rud!c l!nk Rcccn!uru!!cn Rcudv
: Nl\l Rud!c l!nk Rcccn!uru!!cn
Ccmm!!
: RRC lhvs!cu! Chunnc! Rcccn!uru!!cn
: RRC lhvs!cu! Chunnc! Rcccn!uru!!cn
Ccmn!c!c
: Nl\l Ccmnrcsscd Mcdc Ccmmund
: RRC Mcusurcmcn! Rcncr!
: RRC Mcusurcmcn! Ccn!rc!
GSM RSST Mcusurcmcn!
( TSHO !r!cr!n 5 rcuscns urc
) ncss!b!c
Tn!!!u! Ccmnrcsscd
Mcdc Ccn!uru!!cn
CN
: R\N\l SRNS Ccn!cx! Rcqucs!
: R\N\l SRNS Ccn!cx! Rcsncnsc
: R\N\l T| Rc!cusc Ccmmund
: R\N\l T| Rc!cusc Ccmn!c!c
: RRC Cc!! Chunc Ordcr rcm |TR\N
: R\N\l SRNS Du!u lcrurd Ccmmund
ISHO 3G -> 2G - PS Signalling
Flow
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Parameters
IuPSrelWait3G2GMultiServ
range = 0 (10s), 1 (20s), 2 (30s), 3 (60s), 4 (120s), 5 (180s), 6 (300s), 7 (600s)
default value= 4
This RNC object parameter, controls the release of the Iu-PS connection after
the 3G/2G inter-system handover with CS+PS multi-service.
When the UE does not immediately after switching to the 2G-service initiate a
routing area update procedure towards the PS-CN, the RNC can keep the Iu-PS
connection and wait for the RAU and the release of the CS-service in the 2G-
side
When the timer expires, the RNC sends the Iu release request to the SGSN
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Handover Control
Handover Types
Intra-Frequency Handover
SRNS Relocation
Forced AMR voice call handover to GSM
GSM ISHO
Appendix
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Forced Handover for AMR Voice Call
Feature can be used to
push
3G AMR calls to 2G
Extreme parameter
setting
UE Tx power (event
6A)
" C D M \
G SM
\ M R vc!cc cu!!sc!un !n 8G
crccd hundcvcr
!c G SM
[..]
|l RNC
: RRC Rud!clcurcrSc!un
: RRC Rud!clcurcrSc!unCcmn!c!c
: RRC Mcusurcmcn!Ccn!rc!
: ( ) RRC Mcusurcmcn!Rcncr! cvcn! G\
: lMCG GSMcuuscTxlr|l
: lMCG Gsm|lTxlrThr\MR
& TSHO mcusurcmcn!s HO
!c GSM
|l !mmcd!u!c!v unscrs
!!h Mcusurcmcn! Rcncr!
nush mcuns Hundcvcr, nc! - D!rcc!cd Rc!rv !
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Forced Handover for AMR Voice Call
GSMcauseTxPwrUL
Range and step: 0 (False), 1 (True)
Indicates whether a handover to GSM caused by high UE TX power level is
enabled. The handover is enabled when the value of the parameter is "Used
To enable feature, setting must be 1 (True)
GsmUETxPwrThrAMR
Range and step: -60..0 dB
This parameter determines the UE TX power threshold for a CS voice
connection. If the handover to GSM caused by high UE TX power level is
enabled, the RNC starts inter-RAT (GSM) measurements when the UE TX
power reaches this threshold. The UE TX power threshold is relative to the
maximum TX power level an UE can use on the DPCH in the cell (or the
maximum RF output power capability of the UE, whichever is lower
To enable feature, setting must be 60 dB
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Handover Control
Handover Types
Intra-Frequency Handover
SRNS Relocation
GSM ISHO
Load Based Handover to WCDMA
Cell Reselection
Appendix
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Load based Handover GSM -> WCDMA
% !OO
% 8O
% O
lcud rcuscn
Hundcvcrs
cr snccch
lcud c GSM cc!!
luckc! Du!u !c "CDM\
rcurd!css c GSM
!cud
luckc! Du!u !c "CDM\
rcurd!css c GSM
!cud
Snccch !c "CDM\
cn!v !!h h!h GSM
!cud
Snccch !c "CDM\
cn!v !!h h!h GSM
!cud
H!hcr b!! ru!cs
cr du!u uscrs
H!hcr b!! ru!cs
cr du!u uscrs
Mcrc cunuc!!v
cr snccch
Mcrc cunuc!!v
cr snccch
luckc! lCCH nurumc!crs cun bc uscd
!c nush GlRS mcb!!cs !c "CDM\
luckc! lCCH nurumc!crs cun bc uscd
!c nush GlRS mcb!!cs !c "CDM\
N - ?OOG Nck!u
GSM
GSM
GSM
GSM
Load and Coverage Reason Handover
GSM
GSM
GSM h!h
!cudcd
"CDM\ !c
!cudcd
GSM
GSM
GSM
GSM
"CDM\
"CDM\
"CDM\
"CDM\
lcud rcuscn
Hundcvcr cr snccch
und cr HSCSD
lcud rcuscn
Hundcvcr cr snccch
und cr HSCSD
"CDM\
"CDM\
GSM
GSM
lcud
rcuscn
Hundcvcr
Ccvcruc
rcuscn
Hundcvcr
"CDM\ cun bc uscd
!c rc!!cvc GSM
cvcr!cud
GSM cun bc uscd !c
cx!cnd
"CDM\ ccvcruc urcu
"CDM\ cun bc uscd
!c rc!!cvc GSM
cvcr!cud
GSM cun bc uscd !c
cx!cnd
"CDM\ ccvcruc urcu
Mcb!!c mcv!n
N - ?OOG Nck!u
: >
Hundcvcr Tr!cr!n Thrcshc!ds
sc! !n lSC
Hundcvcr Tr!cr!n Thrcshc!ds
sc! !n lSC
- Tn!cr R\T mcusurcmcn!s s!ur!s
!n cusc
Thc R\ll\ c !hc scrv!n cc!!
!s ubcvc cr
bc!c !hc !vcn !hrcshc!d
Oscurch_C
- Tn!cr R\T mcusurcmcn!s s!ur!s
!n cusc
Thc R\ll\ c !hc scrv!n cc!!
!s ubcvc cr
bc!c !hc !vcn !hrcshc!d
Oscurch_C
Hundcvcr Dcc!s!cn !s dcnc !n
cusc c
> lcud c !hc scrv!n cc!!
lcud_Thrcshc!d
/ > und ClTCH lc Nc / m!n lc Nc
Thrcshc!d
Hundcvcr Dcc!s!cn !s dcnc !n
cusc c
> lcud c !hc scrv!n cc!!
lcud_Thrcshc!d
/ > und ClTCH lc Nc / m!n lc Nc
Thrcshc!d
MS sc!cc!s !hc !urc! |TR\N
cc!! buscd
cn mcusurcmcn! rcsu!!s
MS sc!cc!s !hc !urc! |TR\N
cc!! buscd
cn mcusurcmcn! rcsu!!s
Hundcvcr ccmmund !s scnd !c MSC
Hundcvcr ccmmund !s scnd !c MSC
. Tn !hc S!O 5 MS !s mcusur!n !hc |TR\N cc!!s
, ccn!!nucus!v ! !hcv urc dc!ncd us u nc!hbcr
- Thc numbcr c GSM nc!hbcr rcncr!cd ccu!d bc 8 G
dcncnd!n cn !hc sc! vu!uc c nurumc!cr
( , , = , ). lDD_M|lTTR\T_RllORT O ! ? dc 8
Thc !cud !s mcusurcd !n !hc cc!!
!cvc! bv ccmnur!n !hc cccun!cd TCHs
( !c !hc uvu!!ub!c TCHs ?O s !n!crvu!
) uscd
lcud Thrcshc!d cr Snccch Cu!!s cr
- : Trunsnurcn! Du!u !n!cr R\T Hundcvcr
( u!runHcThScTndc M!n Tru!c
), lcud TDHO dcuu!! = % 8O
( m!nlcncThrcshc!d M!n ClTCH
/ ), lC NO Thrcshc!d dcuu!! !5 dl
lurumc!crs urc scn! rcm !hc lSC !c !hc
mcb!!c
!n !hc Mcusurcmcn! Tncrmu!!cn mcssuc
N - Nck!u
ISHO 2G -> 3G Parameters
lurumc!cr Sncc!!cu!!cn numc Nck!u nurumc!cr Runc Dcuu!! vu!uc
m!n !ru!c !cud cr snccch cu!! lO\D_THRlSHOlD_lOR_SC_TS_H
O
u!runHcThScTndc ( ) lTSC - % O !OO % 8O
/ m!n!mum ClTCH lc Tc !cvc! MTN_lCNO_THRlSHOlD m!nlcncThrcshc!d
( ) MlT
- . ?4 O 5 dl - !5 dl
m!n !n!crvu! bc!ccn unsucc TSHO
u!!cmn!
MTN_TNTlR\\l_llT"llN_|NS|C
C_TSHO_\TTlMlT
m!nTn!|nsuccTsHc ( ) |MT| O ?55 s 8 s
- !hrcshc!d cr mu!!! R\T MS Oscurch_C ( ) qScurchC OSRC O !5 ( ) . !5 ncvcr rcc
( ) u!uvs
Sncc!!cu!!cn numc lurumc!cr cxn!unu!!cn \u!uc runc Nc!c
lDD_Rll_O|\NT Tnd!cu!cs !hc rcncr!!n quun!!!v cr |TR\N
lDD cc!!s
= , O RSCl
= / ! lC NO
, Nc! !unub!c
l!xcd vu!uc !
8G_Sl\RCH_lRTO Tnd!cu!cs ! 8G cc!!s muv bc scurchcd hcn
lSTC dcccd!n !s rcqu!rcd
= , O nc
= ! vcs
, Nc! !unub!c
l!xcd vu!uc !
lDD_M|lTTR\T_RllORTTNG Thc numbcr c cc!!s rcm !hc ucccss
/ !cchnc!cv mcdc lDD !hu! shu!! bc !nc!udcd
!n !hc mcusurcmcn! rcncr!
O 8 , Nc! !unub!c
l!xcd vu!uc ?
Oscurch_C_Tn!!!u! Tnd!cu!cs !hc Oscurch vu!uc !c bc uscd !n
ccnncc!cd mcdc bccrc Oscurch_C !s
rccc!vcd
= , O usc Oscurch_T
= ( ) ! u!uvs
, Nc! !unub!c
l!xcd vu!uc O
C
h
u
n
c
u
b
!
c
H
!
d
d
c
n
N - Nck!u
Handover Control
Handover Types
Intra-Frequency Handover
SRNS Relocation
GSM ISHO
Load Based Handover to WCDMA
Cell Reselection
Appendix
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Cc!!
Rcsc!cc!!cn
l!s!
GSM MS s!ur!s "CDM\ mcusurcmcn!s
! :
< ( ) Rl\_C l Oscurch_T cr
< <= O Oscurch_T
cr
> ( ) Rl\_C l Oscurch_T cr
< <= Oscurch_T !5
, T cr su!!ub!c |MTS cc!!
& : cr u ncr!cd c 5 s
> ClTCH RSCl Rl\_C +
lDD_Ocsc!
/ ClTCH lc Nc lDD_Om!n
nc
nr!cr!!!cs
bc!ccn
"CDM\
nc!hbcr s
: Mcusurcmcn! |ndu!cs
RlC_C vu!uc c !hc scrv!n cc!!
+ !cus! G s!rcncs! ncn scrv!n
GSM cc!!s
u! !cus! cvcrv 5 s
chcck
und
"CDM\ cc!!
rcsc!cc!!cn
:
lCCH
FDD_Qmin, FDD_Qoffset
: ldd_Ocsc!
sc!cc! u!!uvs
( vu!uc !s
- ) !n!n!!v
= - lDD_Om!n !8
dl
Cell Reselection 2G -> 3G
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Re-selection measurements are controlled by the parameter threshold
to search WCDMA RAN cells (QSRI)
Cell Reselection 2G -> 3G
GSM MS s!ur!s "CDM\ mcusurcmcn!s !n cusc
( ) runn!n uvcruc s!nu! Rl\_C !cvc! !s bc!c cr ubcvc
: ccr!u!n !hrcshc!d
Rl\_C # ( ) Oscurch _T Ncn GlRS
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Tr!cr!n c !hc 8G cc!! mcusurcmcn!s
Dcncnd!n cn cncru!crs ?G 8G !n!crcrk!n s!ru!cv nurumc!cr O_scurch_T shcu!d n!unncd
. ucccrd!n!v
Ccn!uru!!cn !
< Rl\_C
( l Oscurch_T)
( < O Oscurch_T<
= ) G
GSM
8G
: T cumn!n !n u 8G cc!! !s nr!cr!!v !hcn
- . Ccn!uru!!cn ! !s nc! ucccn!ub!c bccuusc cumn!n cn 8G !n zcncs !!h ccd GSM ccvcruc !s nc! ncss!b!c
- : & . Ccn!uru!!cn ? cumn!n cn 8G !s nc! ncss!b!c !n h!h mcd!um nccr GSM ccvcruc
- : / . Ccn!uru!!cn 8 cumn!n cn GSM 8G !s ncss!b!c und nc! ccns!ru!n! !c c!hcr svs!cm s ccvcruc
, Thcrccrc ccn!uru!!cn 8 !s !hc bcs! chc!cc u! cxncnscs c dccrcus!n !hc bu!!crv !!c!!mc c !hc !crm!nu!
Ccn!uru!!cn ?
> Rl\_C
( l Oscurch_T)
( < Oscurch_T<=!
) 5
, Tn !hc bcs! cusc 8G
cc!! mcusurcmcn!s urc
rcs!r!c!cd !c !hc
: ccnd!!!cn
> Rl\_C !cvc! 8
dlm
GSM
8G
, Tn !hc bcs! cusc 8G
cc!! mcusurcmcn!s urc
ncss!b!c hcn Rl\_C
< !cvc! 4 dlm
GSM
8G
Ccn!uru!!cn 8
< Rl\_C
( ). u!uvs
(Oscurch_T= )
Measurements for 2G -> 3G inter-system cell
reselection
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Cell Re-selection Parameters
S!n!ruscurch S!n!crscurchSscurchR
\T
"CDM\
Clll
! ? 8 4
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Cell Reselection 3G -> 2G
l!rs! runk!n c u!! !hc cc!!s
buscd cn
( ) ClTCH RSCl "CDM\ und RSST
( ) GSM
= Rs ClTCH RSCl + Ohvs!!
= Rn ( ) Rx!cv n - Ocsc!!
( ) > Rn GSM Rs
( ) "CDM\
\nd
( ) Rx!cv GSM
>Orx!cvM!n
Ycs
Nc
- Cc!! rc
sc!cc!!cn
!c GSM
Nc!hbcur "CDM\ cr
GSM
cc!! cu!cu!u!!cn
!!h csc!
nurumc!cr
Scrv!n "CDM\
cc!!
, cu!cu!u!!cn !!h
hvs!crcs!s
nurumc!cr
|l s!ur!s GSM mcusurcmcn!s !
/ < ClTCH lc Nc qOuu!M!n +
sScurchR\T
S!n!ruScurch
S!n!crScurch
SscurchR\T
ClTCH lcNc
qOuu!M!n
Scccnd runk!n cn!v cr "CDM\
/ cc!!s buscd cn ClTCH lc Nc
= / + Rs ClTCH lc Nc Ohvs!?
= / ( )- Rn ClTCH_lc Nc n Ocsc!?
- Cc!! rc sc!cc!!cn
!c
"CDM\ cc!! c
h!hcs!
R vu!uc
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Cell Reselection 3G -> 2G
UE ranks the serving cell and the measured neighboring cells to find
out if reselection should be made
WCDMA intra-frequency neighbor cell:
CPICH Ec/No > AdjsQqualmin and CPICH RSCP > AdjsQrexlevmin
WCDMA inter-frequency cell:
CPICH Ec/No > AdjiQqualmin and CPICH RSCP > AdjiQrexlevmin
GSM cell:
Rxlev > Qrxlevmin
Ranking is done using Criteria R, and the UE reselects to the cell with
highest R-criteria. R-criteria is defined as:
For serving cell: Rs = Qmeas,s + Qhysts
For neighboring cell Rn = Qmeas,n Qoffsetts,n
Qmeas is CPICH Ec/No for WCDMA cell and RxLev for GSM cell
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Cell Reselection 3G -> 2G
There is no timer defined how long the GSM should be fulfilling the re-
selection criteria
However there is running average of 4 GSM measurements which
provides some protection against ping pong (time vice based on
DRX cycle length and as sliding window average)
In case additional protection is needed it can be arranged by using the
Qhyst1 parameter (for WCDMA serving cell RSCP) or AdjgQoffset1
(for GSM neighbor ing cell RxLev)
l!rs! runk!n c u!! !hc cc!!s
buscd cn
( ) ClTCH RSCl "CDM\ und RSST
( ) GSM
= Rs ClTCH RSCl + Ohvs!!
= Rn ( ) Rx!cv n - Ocsc!!
N - ?OOG Nck!u
How to avoid ping pong ?
When phone is camped on 3G, GSM measurements can start when CPICH Ec/Io
of serving cell is below Ssearch_RAT + QqualMin.
When phone is camped on GSM, cell reselection to 3G is possible if CPICH Ec/Io
of the candidate is above FDD_Qmin.
Therefore, to avoid ping pongs between 3G and GSM the following condition
should be met:
>= lDD_Om!n
+ Oquu!M!n Sscurch_R\T
=- Oquu!M!n !8 dl
= Sscurch_R\T 4 dl
/ ClTCH lc Tc
>= - lDD_Om!n !?
dl
+ Oquu!M!n Sscurch_R\T
!
Cumn!n cn 8G Cumn!n cn GSM Cumn!n cn 8G
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Handover Control
Handover Types
Intra-Frequency Handover
SRNS Relocation
GSM ISHO
Appendix
N - ?OOG Nck!u
HSDPA mobility
The mobility procedures are affected by the fact that the HS-PDSCH
allocation for a given UE belongs to only one of the radio links
assigned to the UE
Appendix
N - Nck!u
IMSI Based Handover Solution Overview
IMSI based Handover is optional RAN04 feature
The purpose of the IMSI specific Handover feature is that a mobile
subscriber in a visited network can be commanded to measure selectively
only specified PLMN cells and to make Handover accordingly to those
specified (home or authorised) PLMNs. The input for the selective
measurement control is the PLMN id that is included in the IMSI of the
subscriber.
= + + TMST MCC MNC MSTN
+ = MCC MNC llMN TD
TMST Tn!crnu!!cnu! Mcb!!c Subscr!bcr
Tdcn!!!v
MCC Mcb!!c Ccun!rv Ccdc
MNC Mcb!!c Nc!crk Ccdc
MSTN Mcb!!c Subscr!bcr Tdcn!!!cu!!cn
Numbcr
llMN lub!!c lund Mcb!!c Nc!crk
: Thcrc urc cur k!nd c TMST buscd Hundcvcr
- TMST buscd Tn!ru rcqucncv HO
- TMST buscd Tn!cr rcqucncv HO
- TMST buscd Tn!cr svs!cm HO
- / - Tmmcd!u!c TMST buscd !n!cr rcqucncv !n!ru rcqucncv HO
N - Nck!u
IMSI Based HO
There is two new Management object class related to IMSI based
HO
( ) ?4?O On \ 8G
?
8
( ) ?4?O8 On l 8G
8
!?
TMST ?4?O8\\\
llMN ?4?O8
llMN ?4? O8
\u!hcr!scd llMN !!s!
#8
MCC MNC
N - ?OOG Nck!u
WANE - Structure of the Authorised PLMN lists
A list of authorised PLMNs shall contain the maximum of six PLMN identifiers
The radio network database shall have ten separate authorised PLMN lists (WANEs)
It is not necessary to add the home PLMN Id of the subscriber to the list of
authorised PLMNs
# l!s! ( . ) \u!hcr!scd llMNs mux G
# !
( ) ?4?!O On D 8G
#?
( ?4?OG On \ GSM ( ?4?OO On C 8G ( ) ?4?O! On C GSM ( , ?48O5 On l 8G
) bcrdcr ccun!rv
#8
( ) ?4?OO On l GSM ( ?4?O! On l Sh
) 8G
( ) ?4?!O On D 8G ( , ?48OG On G 8G
) bcrdcr ccun!rv
#4
( ) ?4?O8 On l 8G ( ) ?4?OO On l GSM
#O
\!!
# `\!!` !n !hc !!s! O !nd!cu!cs !hu! u!! llMNs urc ccns!dcrcd uu!hcr!scd llMNs
( - - RNC shu!! ccmb!nc !hc nc!hbcur cc!! !!s! cr !hc !n!cr rcqucncv cr !n!cr R\T
( ) GSM mcusurcmcn! rcm u!! nc!hbcur!n cc!!s rcurd!css c !hc!r llMN
) !dcn!!!crs
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Types of IMSI Based handover
N - ?OOG Nck!u
IMSI based Intra Frequency HO
N - ?OOG Nck!u
IMSI IF HO Signalling
: RRC Ml\S|RlMlNT CONTROl ( ) Tl mcus dc!u!!s
|l
TSHO !r!crcd
RNC
: RRC Ml\S|RlMlNT RllORT ( ) Tr!cr lvcn!
: RRC Ml\S|RlMlNT CONTROl ( , ) ClN TGlS
: RRC Ml\S|RlMlNT RllORT ( , ) ClN TGlS
Rud!c l!nk
Sc!un
lcr!cd!c Tl
mcus Rcncr!!n
: RRC lHYSTC\l CH\NNll RlCONlTG|R\TTON ( ) T!m!n Tnd!cu!!cn
: RRC lHYSTC\l CH\NNll RlCONlTG COMlllTl
Hundcvcr
Dcc!s!cn
.
.
Ccmnrcsscd Mcdc
\c!!vu!!cn
RNC ccmmunds mcusurcmcn!s
c !hc uu!hcr!zcd Tl
cc!!s
Thcrc !s bud
quu!!!v
ccnd!!!cns !n !hc
. . !!nk
"!!h !hc !ncrmu!!cn
, c!!cn !hc RNC
, usscss !hc bcs! cc!!
und dcc!dcs !c
u!!cmn! u TlHO !c !!
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Immediate IMSI based Inter Frequency/ Inter
System HO
c
c
c
m
n
u
r
c
d
!
c
!
h
c
!
u
r
c
!
c
d
!
c
u
d
lcc!!vc ! n!cru!!cn
c GSM
und "CDM\
"CDM\ !uvcr munucmcn!
Scrv!cc
lrccrrcd
/ svs!cm !uvcr
. Ccnv CS snccch
. Ccnv CS !runsnurcn! du!u
. Ccnv lS snccch
. Ccnv lS RT du!u
GSM
GSM
, "CDM\ mucrc
, "CDM\ m!crc
- . S!rcum!n CS ncn !runsn GSM
S!rcum!n lS RT du!u , "CDM\ m!crc
Tn!cruc!!vc lS NRT du!u , "CDM\ m!crc
lxumn!c c scrv!cc nr!cr!!v !ub!c !n RNC
luckrcund lS NRT du!u , "CDM\ m!crc
Load and Service based Handovers
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Load and Service based Handover Control
RNC configuration parameters define according to several services
whether load and/or service based handover can be performed.
SLHOUseBackgroundPSNRTData , SLHOUseConvCSSpeech , SLHOUseConvPSRTData ,
SLHOUseConvPSSpeech , SLHOUseInteractivePSNRTData , SLHOUseStreamCSNTData ,
SLHOUseStreamPSRTData
Service type UE is using Used handover type
Conversational, Circuit switched speech Eg. Load & Service HO
Conversational, Circuit switched transparent data Eg. Load & Service HO
Conversational, Packet switched speech Eg. Load HO
Conversational, Packet switched real time data Eg. Load HO
Streaming, Circuit switched non-transparent data Eg. Service HO
Streaming, Packet switched real time data Eg. Service HO
Interactive, Packet switched non-real time data Eg. None
Background, Packet switched non-real time data Eg. None
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Load and Service based HO
Load based HO
Service based HO
Selection of RRC connections and Service priority
Load of the target cells
Inter-frequency and inter-RAT measurements
Handover decision
Repetitive load and service-based handover attempts
N - ?OOG Nck!u
T
c
!
u
!
!
n
!
c
r
c
r
c
n
c
c
N
R
T
r
c
(
c
c
!
!
c
n
r
u
!
c
S
n
r
c
u
d
!
n
c
c
d
c
u
s
u
c
/
H
"
!
c
!
c
u
!
r
c
s
c
u
r
c
c
u
s
u
c
|n!!nk
Dcn!!nk
T
c
!
u
!
n
c
c
r
N
R
T
r
c
(
c
c
!
!
c
n
r
u
!
c
Tc!u! !n!crcrcncc !cud lS NRT cunuc!!v rcqucs! rc(cc!!cn ru!c luck c dcn!!nk snrcud!n ccdcs / H" !c!cu! rcscurcc !!m!!u!!cn
Tr!crs sc! bv
cncru!cr
\!cr ONl c !hc
rcuscns !s
u!!!!cd cc!! !s
!n !hc
!cud buscd
hundcvcr s!u!c
Hurd b!cck!n ru!!c c
- / lTS "Sl
- \\l?
Hurd b!cck!n ru!!c c
- / lTS "Sl
- \\l?
Triggering of Load based Handovers
N - ?OOG Nck!u
lHOlrOsc!|l = - . ! 5 dl rc!u!!vc !c lrxTurc!
> + lrxTc!u! lrxTurc!
lHOlrOsc!|l
> + l!xTc!u! l!xTurc!
lHOlrOsc!Dl
lHOlrOsc!Dl = - . O dl rc!u!!vc !c l!xTurc!
Hcudrccm cr CM !r!cr!n mus! bc ccns!dcrcd u!sc
: RNC chccks buscd cn RRT !n!crvu!
Triggering of Load based Handovers - Total
interference load
> + l!xTc!u!NcnHSDl\ l!xTurc!HSDl\
lHOlrOsc!Dl
: "hcn HSDl\ !n usc !n !hc cc!!
N - ?OOG Nck!u
( ) Mcusurcmcn! Rcncr! c4u Cunuc!!v
Rcqucs!
( ) RNC !n!crnu! Cunuc!!v Rcqucs! M\C !uvcr
= CunuRcqRc(Ru!c|l
Rc(cc!cdRcqucs!sCc!!|l
( + \!!Cunuc!!vRcqucs!sCc!!|l lHONRTTru!clusclcud )
= CunuRcqRc(Ru!cDl
Rc(cc!cdRcqucs!sCc!!Dl
( + \!!Cunuc!!vRcqucs!sCc!!Dl lHONRTTru!clusclcud )
> C unuR cqR c(R u!c| l
lHOCunuRc(Ru!c|l
> CunuRcqRc(Ru!cDl lHOCunuRc(Ru!cDl
: RNC chccks buscd cn ! scc !n!crvu!s
Triggering of Load based Handovers - PS NRT
capacity request rejection rate
N - ?OOG Nck!u
C0(0)=(1)
C 1(0)=(1,1)
C1 (1)=(1,-1)
C2(0)=(1,1,1,1)
C 2(1)=(1,1,-1,-1)
C2(2)=(1,-1,1,-1)
C2(3)=(1,-1,-1,1)
C3 (0)=()
C
3
(1)=()
C3 (2)=()
C3 (3)=()
C3 (4)=()
C3 (5)=()
C3 (6)=()
C3 (7)=()
Ccdc
Ordcr O
( ) Sl !
Ccdc Ordcr
( ) ! Sl ?
Ccdc Ordcr
( ? Sl ) 4
Ccdc Ordcr
( 8 Sl ) 8
( ) = Rcscrvu!!cnRu!cSC Sl!?8
RcscrvcdSC
Numb\vu!!ub!cSC
* !OO
( ) > Rcscrvu!!cnR u!c Sl!?8 lHORcsRu!cSC : RNC chccks buscd cn RRT !n!crvu!
Triggering of Load based Handovers - Lack of
downlink spreading codes
N - ?OOG Nck!u
"Sl cunuc!!v Tul \\l? cunuc!!v
> lHOHurdl!cck!nRu!!c
NumbcrOSumn!csHurdl!cck!n
( + \!!Sumn!csH"hun!Dur!nMcuslcr!cd lHOHurdl!cck!nlusclcud )
* !OO
Triggering of Load based Handovers - HW or
logical resources are limited
A load-based handover state is triggered due to HW or logical resource
(WBTS WSP capacity, IuB AAL2) congestion in the cell
Hard blocking occurs when a DCH setup attempt faces congestion of
the BTS or Iub AAL2 transmission capacity
All samples is defined to be the number of successful and
unsuccessful BTS or Iub AAL2 transmission capacity hunts in the DCH
setup attempts
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Triggering of Load based Handovers
Parameters
WCEL: LHOPwrOffsetUL
Range and step: -10..0 dB, step 0.1 dB (Default value: -0.7 dB)
WCEL: LHOPwrOffsetDL
Range and step: -30..0 dB, step 0.1 dB (Default value: -1.5 dB)
WCEL: LHOCapaRejRateUL
Range and step: 0..100 %, step 1 % (Default value: 70 %)
WCEL: LHOCapaRejRateDL
Range and step: 0..100 %, step 1 % (Default value: 70 %)
WCEL: LHONRTTrafficBaseLoad
Range and step: 0..255, step 1 (Default value: 10)
WCEL: LHOResRateSC
Range and step: 0..100 %, step 1 % (Default value: 80 %)
WCEL: LHOHardBlockingRatio
Range and step: 0..100 %, step 1 % (Default value: 50 %)
WCEL: LHOHardBlockingBaseLoad
Range and step: 0..255, step 1 (Default value: 10)
N - ?OOG Nck!u
t
1. Sliding window to average
measurement samples when starting
load based HO state
Load based HO state
triggers ON
Load based HO state "ON" indication
shall be broadcasted in this point
2. Hysteresis time
Load based HOs are started if load (measured in the window 1.)
rises above the threshold and stays there for the hysteresis time
3. Sliding window to average
measurement samples when
stopping load based HO state
Load HOs
Activation of new load based
HOs stopped
4. Timer which delays
broadcasting of load based HO
state "OFF" indication
Load based HO state "OFF" indication
shall be broadcasted in this point
Load based HO
state triggers OFF
1.
2.
3.
1.
3.
4.
3.
lcud buscd Hundcvcr s!u!c cr unv cc!! !s !r!crcd ! !cud cxcccds !cud !hrcshc!ds
luch !cud !r!cr rcuscn cun bc s!!chcd cn cr c ; scnuru!c!v cnc rcuscn !r!crcd !s cncuh
!c nu! !hc cc!! !n ; lcud buscd Hundcvcr s!u!c s!u!c !s cvcr ! u!! !r!cr rcuscns urc bc!c !hrcshc!d
Tn lcud buscd Hundcvcr s!u!c, ( ) - RNC runs RRC |l sc!cc!!cn nrcccss cr c !cud!n "CDM\ cc!!
\vcru!n ncr!cd cr s!ur!!n lcud buscd Hundcvcr s!u!c !s !cncr !hun cr s!cnn!n
Processing of measurement results indicating load
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Processing of measurement results indicating load
Separate averaging window for ON (1) / OFF (3) measurement
Interference load: LHOWinSizeONInterference, LHOWinSizeOFFInterference
PS NRT CR: LHOWinSizeONCapaReqRejRate, LHOWinSizeOFFCapaReqRejRate
Lack of SCs: LHOWinSizeONResRateSC, LHOWinSizeOFFResRateSC
HW limit: LHOWinSizeONHardBlocking, LHOWinSizeOFFHardBlocking
(2) Hysteresis time
Interference load: LHOHystTimeInterference
PS NRT CR: LHOHystTimeCapaReqRejRate
Lack of SCs: LHOHystTimeResRateSC
HW limit: LHOHystTimeHardBlocking
(4) Delay off
Interference load: LHODelayOFFInterference
PS NRT CR: LHODelayOFFCapaReqRejRate
Lack of SCs: LHODelayOFFResRateSC
HW limit: LHODelayOFFHardBlocking
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Load and Service based HO
Load based HO
Service based HO
Selection of RRC connections and Service priority
Load of the target cells
Inter-frequency and inter-RAT measurements
Handover decision
Repetitive load and service-based handover attempts
N - ?OOG Nck!u
( ): Scrv!cc buscd hundcvcr rcqucncv "Cll
Each time service based handover is started in the cell, certain number
of RRC connections is selected in the procedure if possible
ServHOnumbUEinterFreq
Range and step: 0..32, step 1 (Default value: 1)
ServHOnumbUEinterRAT
Range and step: 0..32, step 1 (Default value: 1)
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Number of UEs in CM
RNC configuration parameter (WCEL) defines how many UEs can be
simultaneously in the compressed mode in certain cell due to service
or load based handover procedures
N - ?OOG Nck!u
lcud buscd hundcvcr
lcud buscd hundcvcr
. ! ccnncc!!cns h!ch SRNC !s !h!s RNC
. ! ccnncc!!cns h!ch SRNC !s !h!s RNC
. ? ccnncc!!cns h!ch urc nc! vc!
ncrcrm!n hundcvcr mcusurcmcn!s
. ? ccnncc!!cns h!ch urc nc! vc!
ncrcrm!n hundcvcr mcusurcmcn!s
. 8 ccnncc!!cns !!hcu! nrcv!cus !cud
buscd hundcvcr u!!cmn!s !n !h!s cc!!
!!h!n u ccr!u!n ncr!cd
. 8 ccnncc!!cns !!hcu! nrcv!cus !cud
buscd hundcvcr u!!cmn!s !n !h!s cc!!
!!h!n u ccr!u!n ncr!cd
. 4 NRT ccnncc!!cns h!ch u!!ccu!!cn hus
!us!cd !cncr !hun !hc sncc!!cd
ncr!cd
- lHOm!nNr!Dch\!!ccT!mc ( ) RNC
. 4 NRT ccnncc!!cns h!ch u!!ccu!!cn hus
!us!cd !cncr !hun !hc sncc!!cd
ncr!cd
- lHOm!nNr!Dch\!!ccT!mc ( ) RNC
. 5 Mu!!!scrv!cc ccnncc!!cns !!hcu!
ccn!rud!c!!cns !n !hc scrv!cc
( nr!cr!!v dc!n!!!cns !urc! svs!cm
/ + ) cun nc! bc GSM GlRS cr CS lS
. 5 Mu!!!scrv!cc ccnncc!!cns !!hcu!
ccn!rud!c!!cns !n !hc scrv!cc
( nr!cr!!v dc!n!!!cns !urc! svs!cm
/ + ) cun nc! bc GSM GlRS cr CS lS
. G ccnncc!!cns h!ch urc nc! !n
nrccrrcd R\T cr "CDM\ h!crurch!cu!
cc!! !uvcr
. G ccnncc!!cns h!ch urc nc! !n
nrccrrcd R\T cr "CDM\ h!crurch!cu!
cc!! !uvcr
. ccnncc!!cns h!ch cuusc h!hcs! !cud
!n !hc cc!! dcncnd!n cn !hc lcud
!r!cr
. ccnncc!!cns h!ch cuusc h!hcs! !cud
!n !hc cc!! dcncnd!n cn !hc lcud
!r!cr
. 8 ccnncc!!cns h!ch dccs
nc! rcqu!rc ccmnrcsscd
mcdc
. 8 ccnncc!!cns h!ch dccs
nc! rcqu!rc ccmnrcsscd
mcdc
. O rundcm sc!cc!!cn c
- rcmu!n!n u!cr s!cns ! 8
. O rundcm sc!cc!!cn c
- rcmu!n!n u!cr s!cns ! 8
Selection of RRC connections for load based HO
Scrv!cc buscd hundcvcr
Scrv!cc buscd hundcvcr
. ! ccnncc!!cns h!ch SRNC !s !h!s RNC
. ! ccnncc!!cns h!ch SRNC !s !h!s RNC
. ? ccnncc!!cns h!ch urc nc! vc!
ncrcrm!n hundcvcr mcusurcmcn!s
. ? ccnncc!!cns h!ch urc nc! vc!
ncrcrm!n hundcvcr mcusurcmcn!s
. 8 ccnncc!!cns !!hcu! nrcv!cus scrv!cc
buscd hundcvcr u!!cmn!s !n !h!s cc!!
!!h!n u ccr!u!n ncr!cd
. 8 ccnncc!!cns !!hcu! nrcv!cus scrv!cc
buscd hundcvcr u!!cmn!s !n !h!s cc!!
!!h!n u ccr!u!n ncr!cd
. 4 Mu!!!scrv!cc ccnncc!!cns !!hcu!
ccn!rud!c!!cns !n !hc scrv!cc
( nr!cr!!v dc!n!!!cns !urc! svs!cm
/ + ) cun nc! bc GSM GlRS cr CS lS
. 4 Mu!!!scrv!cc ccnncc!!cns !!hcu!
ccn!rud!c!!cns !n !hc scrv!cc
( nr!cr!!v dc!n!!!cns !urc! svs!cm
/ + ) cun nc! bc GSM GlRS cr CS lS
. G ccnncc!!cns h!ch dccs
nc! rcqu!rc ccmnrcsscd
mcdc
. G ccnncc!!cns h!ch dccs
nc! rcqu!rc ccmnrcsscd
mcdc
. rundcm sc!cc!!cn c
- rcmu!n!n u!cr s!cns ! G
. rundcm sc!cc!!cn c
- rcmu!n!n u!cr s!cns ! G
. 5 ccnncc!!cns h!ch urc nc! !n
nrccrrcd R\T cr "CDM\ h!crurch!cu!
cc!! !uvcr
. 5 ccnncc!!cns h!ch urc nc! !n
nrccrrcd R\T cr "CDM\ h!crurch!cu!
cc!! !uvcr
\
!
u
v
s
On!v!MORl!hundc!ncdnumbcr
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Load based HO Phase 6 & Service based HO
Phase 5
RRC connections which are not in preferred RAT or hierarchical WCDMA layer
according to combined service priority list
RNC shall investigate which RRC connections are not in preferred RAT or
hierarchical WCDMA layer
RNC checks if selected target is available and selects those as a candidates for
the load based handover procedure
Selection of candidates is performed in three phases
Combined service priority list defines the target system for the service
and load-based handover
The RNC checks if the GSM inter-system neighbour cell list has any
definitions which the penalty time (AdjgPenaltyTimeNCHO) is not
running
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Service priority handover profile table in RNC
RNC based service priority handover profile table is defined by RNC
level and service specific parameters
Scrv!cc !vnc
Scrv!cc !vnc
, C cnvcrsu!!cnu! C S
snccch
, C cnvcrsu!!cnu! C S
snccch
, - C cnvcrsu!!cnu! C S T
du!u
, - C cnvcrsu!!cnu! C S T
du!u
, C cnvcrsu!!cnu! lS
snccch
, C cnvcrsu!!cnu! lS
snccch
, C cnvcrsu!!cnu! lS RT
du!u
, C cnvcrsu!!cnu! lS RT
du!u
, - S!rcum !n C S N T du!u
, - S!rcum !n C S N T du!u
, S!rcum !n lS RT du!u
, S!rcum !n lS RT du!u
, Tn!cruc!!vc lS N RT du!u
, Tn!cruc!!vc lS N RT du!u
, l uckrcund lS N RT du!u
, l uckrcund lS N RT du!u
lrccrrcd
/ svs!cm !uvcr
lrccrrcd
/ svs!cm !uvcr
G SM
G SM
" C D M \
" C D M \
" C D M \
" C D M \
" C D M \
" C D M \
" C D M \ m ucrc
" C D M \ m ucrc
" C D M \ m ucrc
" C D M \ m ucrc
" C D M \ m !crc
" C D M \ m !crc
N c! dc!ncd
N c! dc!ncd
Exam
Exam
ple
ple
SlHOnrc!!cCcnvCSsnccch
SlHOnrc!!cCcnvCSTdu!u
SlHOnrc!!cCcnvlSsnccch
SlHOnrc!!cCcnvlSRTdu!u
SlHOnrc!!cS!rcumCSNTdu!u
SlHOnrc!!cS!rcumlSRTdu!u
SlHOnrc!!cTn!cruc!!vclSN
RTdu!u
SlHOnrc!!cluckrcundlSNR
Tdu!u
: ( ), ( ), ( ), ( ), ( Runc und s!cn O Nc! dc!ncd ! GSM ? "CDM\ 8 "CDM\ m!crc !uvcr 4 "CDM\
) mucrc !uvcr
N - ?OOG Nck!u
WCDMA Layers
WCDMA macro cell means HCS priorities from 0 to 3.
WCDMA micro cell means HCS priorities from 4 to 7.
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Iu interface service priority information
Iu interface service priority information defines the target system for
the service and load-based handover
1. WCDMA micro
layer
2. WCDMA
3. GSM
1. WCDMA macro
layer
2. WCDMA
3. GSM
1. GSM
2. GSM
3. WCDMA
Ccmb!ncd
scrv!cc
nr!cr!!v
!!s!
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Example
"CDM\
Mucrc
"CDM\
M!crc
GSM
lS
NRT
lS
RT
\M
R
1. WCDMA micro
layer
2. WCDMA
3. GSM
1. WCDMA macro
layer
2. WCDMA
3. GSM
1. GSM
2. GSM
3. WCDMA
!
s!
!
s!
?
nd
) ! Scrv!cc buscd HO
) ? lcud buscd HO
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Example
"CDM\
Mucrc
"CDM\
M!crc
GSM
lS
NRT
lS
RT
\M
R
1. WCDMA micro
layer
2. WCDMA
3. GSM
1. WCDMA macro
layer
2. WCDMA
3. GSM
1. GSM
2. GSM
3. WCDMA
!
s!
8
rd
8
rd
/ l!cckcd Nc! uvu!!ub!c
) ! Scrv!cc buscd HO
) ? lcud buscd HO
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Load and Service based HO
Load based HO
Service based HO
Selection of RRC connections and Service priority
Load of the target cells
Inter-frequency and inter-RAT measurements
Handover decision
Repetitive load and service-based handover attempts
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Load of the target WCDMA cell
The RNC checks the load of the target WCDMA cell before a service-
based or load-based inter-frequency handover
Received from the target cell as a broadcast sent inside the RNC
AdjiPenaltyTimeNCHO
If any handover to GSM cell has failed the service and load-based
handovers are prevented during a certain period
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Load and Service based HO
Load based HO
Service based HO
Selection of RRC connections and Service priority
Load of the target cells
Inter-frequency and inter-RAT measurements
Handover decision
Repetitive load and service-based handover attempts
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Inter-frequency and inter-RAT measurements
Service and load-based inter-frequency and inter-RAT handover
measurements are similar to the ones used in coverage and quality-
based handovers
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Measurement parameters
Measurement parameters of the service and load-based handover are
similar to the ones used in coverage and quality -based handovers
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Inter-frequency and inter-RAT neighbour cell lists
Handover to GSM
Handover to WCDMA macro cell: The cells of the found macro layer(s)
form the neighbour cell list used in measurements
Handover to WCDMA micro cell: The cells of the found micro layer(s)
form the neighbour cell list used in measurements
Handover to WCDMA: The inter-frequency neighbour cell list used is
the same as in a coverage- or quality-reason handover
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Inter-frequency and inter-RAT neighbour cell lists
When more than one frequency to be measured
If the RNC is not able to define the measurement order by using the
parameters, it measures least-loaded frequencies first
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Load and Service based HO
Load based HO
Service based HO
Selection of RRC connections and Service priority
Load of the target cells
Inter-frequency and inter-RAT measurements
Handover decision
Repetitive load and service-based handover attempts
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Load and service-based inter-frequency handover
The measurement results of the best neighbour cell must satisfy the
following equations before the service and load-based inter-frequency
handover is possible