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Strategies for Taking Standardized Tests

Twas the Night Before Testing


Go to bed on time. Put a few number 2 pencils with erasers in your backpack. Solve family/friend problems before the testing date. Talk to your parents about any concerns that you might have about the test.

Avoid marathon study sessions Dont review right before a test Get a good nights sleep two nights before a test Dont work the day before

The Morning of Testing


Start your day as you always do. Eat a good breakfast. Think of what you will do to relax after you get home from school.

Think Positive!

Strategy I: Know the Anatomy of the Question

The parts of a question.


Three main parts:
Background statement (brief scenario that will provide useful info to answer question) Stem (this contains specific problem or intent of the item, presented as question or incomplete statement & formed by subject and verb) List of options (list of possible answers)

Sample
What should the midwife do immediately before performing any procedure?
Options

a) b) c) d)

Shut the door Wash the hands Close the curtain Drape the patient

Item

Correct

Identify Theme of the Item & Base it on Information Provided in the Stem Dont jump to conclusions; never assume information that is not given What is appropriate for one patient; may not be appropriate here

Strategy II:

Read Questions Very Carefully

Read the question carefully before looking at the options, identify key words in the stem
Stem is heart of the item Provides the focus, directs your thinking Key words found in the stem
first, primary, initial, early, most important, except

How to Avoid Reading into the Question


Read the question and every option thoroughly and carefully. Ask yourself, What is the question specifically asking? What information relevant to answering this question is included in the stem How would I ask this question in my own words

How to Avoid Reading into the Question


Read every word in the question and specifically determine what the question is asking. Focus only on the information in the question and avoid asking yourself, Well, what if.? Look for the key words in the question, such as early signs or late signs.

1. The midwife is assessing a client in labor recognizes that the sign most diagnostic of effectiveness of labor is: a. b. c. d. Rupture of BOW Passage of mucus plug Cervical dilation Increasing intensity of pain

Rule 3: Identify Theme of the Item & Base it on Information Provided in the Stem Dont jump to conclusions; never assume information that is not given What is appropriate for one patient; may not be appropriate here

Strategy III
Identify Key Words!!!!

COMMON KEY WORDS


Early or Late Best First Initial Immediately Most likely or least likely critical Most appropriate or least appropriate Priority Correct, does not need further Needs further intervention Needs attention

PRACTICE QUESTION: Look for the Key words


Methylergonovine (methergine) is prescribed for a postpartum woman to treat postpartum hemorrhage by contracting the uterus. Before administration of methylergonovine, the priority nursing assessment is to check the: A. Amount of lochia B. Blood pressure C. Deep tendon reflexes D. Uterine tone

PRACTICE QUESTION: Look for the Key words


The patient tells the nurse that she has been having painless contractions occurring at irregular intervals, which are relieved by walking. Based on this information, what would the midwife best conclude? a. This is a pathologic sign b. This is a sign of true labor c. These are Braxton-Hicks contractions d. This is a sign of impending fetal distress

PRACTICE QUESTION: Look for the Key words


Midwife Pokwang is discussing the female reproductive system to her brilliant sophomore nursing students. Which of the following statements by the students requires further teaching? a.Clitoris is not an erectile tissue which is the primary site of sexual arousal among women. b.Labia majora are two-folds of pigmented skin extending from the mons pubis to the perineum. c.Hymen is a membranous tissue circling the vaginal introitus. d.Vagina is the organ of copulation of females.

Specific Determiners or Clang Association?


.

PRACTICE QUESTION
To meet a clients physical needs, the midwife will: a. Pull curtains when providing care b. Answer call bell STAT c. Administer physical hygiene d. Obtain vital signs

PRACTICE QUESTION
When providing perineal care in patients, midwives can appropriately protect themselves from microorganisms by:
a. b. c. d. Wearing gown prior to giving care Wearing clean gloves during perineal care Discarding contaminated water in the toilet Encourage patients

PRACTICE QUESTION
The nurse would most likely assess all but one of the following signs of dehydration in a preschooler? a. Tenting of the skin b. Sunken eyeballs c. Depressed fontanel d. Lack of tears

Strategy IV
Be on ALERT for GLOBAL WORDS in the options

Avoid GLOBAL Words!!!!


always never all every only must except none

PRACTICE QUESTION
To best improve circulation during a bath, the midwife should: a. Apply soap to washcloth b. Use long firm strokes c. Washes from proximal to distal d. Use only hot water

PRACTICE QUESTION

Strategy V
Process of Elimination

Answer Difficult Questions by Eliminating Obviously Incorrect Responses First Then select the best of the remaining options This will help sharpen your focus If all seem right, skip it and return to it later

Practice Question
The four levels of cognitive ability are: a. Assessing, analyzing, applying, evaluating b. Knowledge, analysis, assessing, comprehension c. Knowledge, comprehension, application, analysis d. Medical nursing, surgical nursing, mental health nursing, child bearing and womens health nursing

Strategy VI

PRINCIPLE OF SIMILAR OPTIONS

Practice Question
In teaching a newly diagnosed pregnant mother about their condition, it is important to focus on:
a. b. c. d. Dietary modifications Use of sugar substitutes Their present understanding of diabetes Use of diabetic nutritional exchange lists

PRINCIPLE OF SIMILAR OPTIONS


A client at risk of hypovolemic shock secondary to abruptio placenta should be observed for: a. Bradycardia b. Decreased heart rate c. Hypertension d. tachycardia

Strategy VII
Watch for Grammatical Inconsistencies

Practice Question
Communicating with a deaf client will be facilitated by: a. Use gestures b. Speaking loudly c. Find out if he has a hearing aid d. Facing the client while speaking

Strategy VIII Make Educated Guesses

Hint: Only one of the opposites is Correct


A patient with bleeding is at risk of hypovolemic shock. The midwife must placed the patient in what position? a.Supine b.Trendelenburg c.Reverse trendelenburg d.High fowlers position

Strategy IX
Multiple components in an Option!!!One wrong component in an option automatically eliminates the option

PRACTICE QUESTION
Signs and symptoms of preeclampsia are: a.Proteinuria, hypotension, edema b.Edema, hypertension, proteinuria c.Proteinuria, hypoglycemia, edema d.Hyperglycemia, edema, hypertension

PRACTICE QUESTION
A patient with fever must have a diet of: a.High calorie, high protein b.High calorie, high fat c.High fat, low protein d.Low calorie, low fat

Strategy X
Therapeutic approach is PATIENT CENTERED

Rule 5: Select Responses That Are Therapeutic


Select responses that communicate acceptance Eliminate bizarre, inappropriate & punitive responses Use as a guide the principles of interpersonal & therapeutic relationships accept the patient as he or she is

Select Responses That Are Therapeutic


The night before surgery, the patient says to the midwife, I am worried that I might die with surgery. The midwife most therapeutic response is: a. It is really just routine surgery. b. You need to tell the doctor about this c. The thought of dying can be frightening d. Most people who have had this surgery did not die

Strategy
Look for Questions Requiring answers of NEGATIVE POLARITY

Stem Polarity
Can be positive or negative A stem with a positive polarity will ask you to pick out the option that is true. A stem with a negative polarity will ask you to pick out the option that is not true. By understanding the polarity of the question, you can eliminate wrong answers.

Positive Polarity
This question is concerned with the truth, a fact, a principle. This question attempts to determine if you are able to understand, apply or differentiate correct information. Example

Positive Polarity Stem


Which intervention most accurately supports the concept of informed consent?
a) Obtaining the patients signature b) Explaining what is being done and why c) Involving the family in the teaching plan d) Teaching preoperative deep breathing and coughing

Negative Polarity
Concerned with what is false. Asks a question with a negative statement. Typically uses words like except, not, or never. May use other words like contraindicated, unacceptable, least, or avoid. Requires that you recognize exceptions to the rule.

Negative Polarity Stem


On what part of the body should the midwife avoid using soap when patient a patient?
a) b) c) d) Eyes Back Under the breasts Glans of the penis

You pickIs this positive or negative?


Range of motion (ROM) exercises should NOT be done:
a) b) c) d) For comatose patients On limbs that are paralyzed Beyond the point of resistance For patients with chronic joint diseases

Positive or Negative
What position would be contraindicated for the patient who has dyspnea:
a) b) c) d) Supine Contour Fowlers Orthopaedic

One More
An older adult who is dying starts to cry and says, I was always concerned about myself first and I hurt so many people during my life. What is the underlying feeling being expressed by the patient?
a) Ambivalence b) Sadness c) Anger

Strategy XI

UMBRELLA EFFECT

PRACTICE QUESTION
The major purpose of thoracostomy tube is: a.To drain air and fluids from thoracic cavity b.To restore negative pressure in the lungs c.To expand the lungs d.None of the above

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