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STREET PATTERNS
GEOMETRIC: Linear or Street Ribbon: A straight road used to connect one community to another. Crossings are few and far between.
GRIDIRON: Site is divided into square or rectangular blocks. Advantages: Blocks and services are easy to layout. Disadvantages: Causes traffic congestion due to the frequent crossings created.
MANHATTAN
Gridiron street pattern imposed on the landscape without paying attention to the topography.
RADIAL: Used to connect the center of the city to the outskirts in a ripple manner.
MEANDERING: Used in highly mountainous sites. Following the contours of the topography.
MEDIEVAL TOWNS
COMBINATION: Using both the geometric and meandering street patterns. Geometric street pattern is used where the terrain is flat and meandering where the terrain is rolling.
MODIFIED GRIDS: Advantage: Easy and direct manner as well as the easy installation of services following the grids of the streets. Disadvantage: Its relative monotony.
TYPICAL GRID
CUL-DE-SAC: Shaped so that the fronting houses automatically create an enclosed space. Should not be longer than 500m A long version is considered a straight street with a turnaround Utilizes an odd parcel of land to full advantage
CUL-DE-SAC
CUL-DE-SAC
LOOPS: Good opportunities exist for varied and interesting house groups on lots flanking looped streets. Disadvantage: Narrowness of certain lot frontages esp. along the curvature of the loop.
STREET CLASSIFICATION
Major Roads - Major arterials, highways, bi-ways, expressways, super-highways, freeways, motorways, autobahns, etc. Secondary Roads - Minor arterial, avenue, boulevard, etc. Collector Streets - Main interior streets Local Streets - Local service streets Cul-de-sac - Dead-ends, turn around, T junction, Y junction, hammer, loop
DEAD-ENDS
of lanes and their widths, curb radius, super elevation of the pavement
Character refers to its suitability for pedestrian activities and a variety of bldg. types
Associated
A long-distance, medium speed vehicular corridor that traverses open country. It should be relatively free of intersections, driveways and adjacent buildings; otherwise it becomes a strip, which interferes with traffic flow.
AUTOBAHN, GERMANY
A long-distance, medium speed vehicular corridor that traverses an urbanized area. It is usually lined by parallel parking, wide sidewalks, or side medians planted with trees. Buildings uniformly line the edges.
A short-distance, medium speed connector that traverses an urban area. Unlike a boulevard, its axis is terminated by a civic building or monument. An avenue may be conceived as an extremely elongated square.
WASHINGTON D.C.
QUEZON AVENUE
An edge bet. An urban and a natural condition, usually along a waterfront, park or promontory. One side of the drive has the urban character of a boulevard, with sidewalk and buildings, while the other has the qualities of a parkway, with naturalistic planting and rural detailing.
STREET
A small-scale, low speed local connector. Streets provide frontage for highdensity buildings such as offices, shops, apartment buildings and rowhouses. A street is urban in character, with raised curbs, closed drainage, wide sidewalks, parallel parking, trees in individual planting areas, and bldgs. aligned on short setbacks.
RURAL ROADS
A small-scale, low speed connector. Roads provide frontage for low-density bldgs. Such as houses. It tends to be rural in character with open curbs. The rural road has no curbs and is lined by pathways, irregular tree planting, and uncoordinated bldg. setbacks.
ALLEYS
A narrow access route servicing the rear of the buildings on a street. Alleys have no sidewalks, landscaping, or building setbacks. They are usually paved to their edges, with center drainage via an inverted crown.
LANE
A narrow access route behind houses on a road. Lanes are rural in character with a narrow strip of paving at the center or no paving.
PASSAGE
A very narrow, pedestrianonly connector cutting between buildings. It provides shortcuts through long blocks or connect rear parking areas with street frontages. It may be roofed over and lined by shopfronts.
PATH
A very narrow pedestrian and bicycle connector traversing a park or the open country.
PARKING