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hard disk drive or hard drive is the main location where all data is stored. Most hard disk drives consists of spinning platters of aluminum, glass or ceramic that are coated with a magnetic media. A single hard disk usually consists of several platters. Each platter requires two read/write heads, one for each side all the read/write heads are attached to a single access arm so that they cannot move independently. Each platter has the same number of tracks, and a track location that cuts across all platters is called a cylinder. For example, a typical 84MB hard disk for a PC might have two platters (four sides) and 1053 cylinders.
The best is 10,000 rotation per minute (rpm) however you should consider buying a hard drive with a fast rotational speed of 7,200 rpm or higher. You should expect to speed less for a slower 5,400 rpm hard drive.
SEEK
TIME
You should look for an average seek time of fewer than 12 milliseconds (ms), and a data transfer speed rate of at least 15 mega bytes per second. The actual sustained speed of the drive will be less than the maximum Burst speed.
BUFFER 8MB or better. When a system requests data, a hard drive will not only fetch what is requested, but it will also load its buffer memory with extra information that the processor is likely to ask for next. I found that drives with 8MB performed is best for disk intensive task.
TRANSFER
SPEED
PATA - 33, 66, 100, 133MB/s, SATA 150 to 300MB/s and SCSI - 320MB/s.
VOICE
The actual fixed disk with in the hard disk drive. Generally there can be several platters with in the hard disk drive.
HEADS
platter.
SECTOR
CYLINDER
PATA
Parallel Advanced Technology Attachment
SATA
Serial Advanced Technology Attachment
SCSI
Small Computer System Interface
TYPES OF HDD
INTERNAL HDD
EXTERNAL HDD
IDE EIDE ATA ATA-2 ATA/33 OR ULTRA-DMA/2 ATA/66 OR ULTRA-DMA/4 ATA/100 OR ULTRA-DMA/5 ATA/133 OR ULTRA-DMA/6
A typical 504MB HDD has 1024 cylinders 16 heads 63 sectors/track 512 bytes/sector A typical 8.4GB HDD has 1024 cylinders 256 heads 63 sectors/track 512 bytes/sector
Among other things, Scandisk checks the disk platters for defects and also looks for lost clusters that are sometimes created when a program aborts. In Windows 2K/XP go to Start -> Run -> cmd and type CHKDSK from the command prompt.
SIZE INFORMATION
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11.
Bit Nibble Byte Kilobyte Megabyte Gigabyte Terabyte Petabyte Exabyte Zettabyte Yottabyte
Value of 0 or 1 4 Bits 8 Bits 1024 Bits 1024 KB 1024 MB 1024 GB 1024 TB 1024 PB 1024 EB 1024 ZB
FILE SYSTEM
Floppy MSDOS, Windows 3X etc Windows 98, 2000, XP etc Windows XP, Vista, 7, etc Related to NTFS OS It helps to write & reading the cd. It helps to write & reading the dvd. Non Dos OS, Linux Non Dos OS, Unix
FAT = File Allocation Table NTFS = New Technology File System EFS = Encrypted File System CDFS = Compact Disk File System DVDFS = Digital Versatile Disk File System or Digital Video Disk File System UFS = Unix File System
THANK YOU
-Abdul Riyaz