Unit 2.

7 COORDINATION BETWEEN NERVOUS SYSTEM AND THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM

COMPARISION BETWEEN NERVOUS COORDINATION AND HORMONAL COORDINATION

NERVOUS COORDINATION HORMONAL COORDINATION

SIMILARITIES
.

COMPARISION BETWEEN NERVOUS COORDINATION AND HORMONAL COORDINATION

NERVOUS COORDINATION HORMONAL COORDINATION

SIMILARITIES
Control and coordinate body functions and activities Respond to a stimulus Posses target organ

DIFFERENCES
NERVOUS SYSTEM Coordination ENDOCRINE SYSTEM

Way of impulse transmission

Speed of impulse transmission

Duration of effect
Target areas Response Examples of body coordination

DIFFERENCES
NERVOUS SYSTEM Consist of nerves Goes through the nerves electrochemically Coordination Way of impulse transmission ENDOCRINE SYSTEM Consist of ductless glands Goes through the bloodstream in the form of chemical substance (hormone) Slow Last longer Wide Slow and continuous

Very fast A short while Specific Fast and immediate Writing and dancing

Speed of impulse transmission Duration of effect Target areas Response

Examples of body Growth and body coordination metabolism

The Importance of Coordination Between the Nervous System and Endocrine System
When fear strikes during a fire, the adrenal gland secretes hormone that changes glycogen into glucose for the muscles usage.

The muscles will gain more energy to enable the person to react faster like running away from the fire.

Fear stimulates Nerve impulse

Autonomic nervous system

Nerve impulse

Motor neurone

Adrenal gland

causing

Muscles react quickly

Hormones increase metabolic rate

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN NERVOUS SYSTEM & ENDOCRINE SYSTEM

Being chased by a bull (stimulus) Impulse

Brain
Impulse Adrenal gland Secretes Adrenaline In bloodstream Impulse transmitted by nerves to muscles

The person is running as fast as he can (response)

Heart

Respiratory system

Blood vessels in brain

Blood vessels in muscles

Liver

Heartbeat increases

Respiratory rate increases

More blood is carried to brain

More blood is carried to muscles

Glycogen is converted into glucose

ACTIVITY
hormone Nervous coordinate hormonal control

Fill in the blank with suitable words. 1. Impulse transmitted in the endocrine system are in the form of chemical substance called __________. 2. _________coordination is much faster than _________coordination. 3. Both the endocrine system and the nervous system function to ______ and _________ body activities.

Unit 2.8 THE EFFECTS OF DRUG ABUSE ON BODY COORDINATION AND HEALTH

WHAT IS DRUG?????

A CHEMICAL SUBSTANCE WHICH CAN CHANGE THE FUNCTION AND PHYSIOLOGY OF THE BODY

 Are used to treat patients. Drug abuse :

Is the excessive use of drugs for pleasure without proper guidance from doctors. Occurs if it used not for medical purposes Can lead to addiction and health deteoration

TYPE OF DRUG
Depressants

EXAMPLE
Heroin Opium Morphine Barbiturate Alcohol Canabis Amphetamine Nicotine Cocaine Caffeine Marijuana Estacy

CHARACTERISTICS
Relieve tension and pain Calm a persons mind Slow down response to stimulus

Stimulants

Increase metabolic rate Make a person more active Cause hallucination Cause madness and death

Hallucinogens

Effects of drug abuse on body coordination and health

Type of drug Heroin and morphine Adverse effect Watery eyes and nose Loss of appetite Nausea and vomiting Diarrhoea Inability to sleep

Cocaine

Amphetamine Skin disease Barbiturate Cramps which can cause death

Factors that cause drug abuse

Peer influence Desire to try Personal problems Lack of love from family Pleasure-seeking Lack of religious education

Drug abuse can be overcome through:

Anti-drug campaigns through mass media Parental love for the young Emphasis on religious and moral education

ACTIVITY
Tick (/) the true statements and cross out (X) the false statements. (a) Nicotine can be found in cigarettes ( ) (b) Morphine can be used to relieve pain ( ) (c) Cocaine can caused hallucination ( )

Unit 2.9 THE EFFECTS OF EXCESSIVE CONSUMPTION OF ALCOHOL ON BODY COORDINATION AND HEALTH

ALCOHOL
Alcoholic drinks contain ethanol (minuman beralkohol mengandungi etanol) Ethanol is produced from the fermentation of glucose by yeast.(etanol terhasil dari pada penapaian glukosa oleh yis) Eg: Beer Whisky Vodka Brandy

Alcohol interferes with nervous system by reducing its ability to function and coordinate effectively ( alkohol akan menggangu sistem saraf dan mengurangkan keupayaan sisitem saraf untuk berfungsi dan berkoordinasi dengan berkesan)

Slow down the rate of transmitting nerve impulse and affects the CNS

Response of a drinker in an emergency is slow

Effects on body coordination

EFFECT ON HEALTH
ORGANS
Brain

EFFECTS
-Brain damage( kerosakan otak) -Rapid aging (cepat tua) -Coma (koma) -Heart dieases (penyakit jantung) -Hing blood pressure (tekanan darah tinggi) -Stroke (angin ahmar)

Heart

stomach
liver

-stomach ulcer
-liver inflammation -liver scarring

ACTIVITY
Give 3 examples of alcoholic drink.
(a) (b) (c)

Give 1 adverse effect of excessive alcohol consumption.

Unit 2.10 Importance of Sound and Healthy Mind

MIND
Is the ability of the brain to think and judge Enables a person to make logical judgement before acts Determines emotions and behaviour Healthy mind will show characteristics such as positive thinking, independent

FACTORS THAT AFFECT THE MIND

External factors

Internal factors

Social factors like family and peers Environment conditions like weather and temperature Mental stress like death of someone close

Brain injury caused by disease or accident Disease like gastric or joint pain Hormone balance in the body Drug abuse Excessive consumption of alcohol

ACTIVITY
1. State 3 internal factors that affect the mind.
(a) (b) (c)

2. State 3 external factors that affect the mind.

(a) (b) (c)