Chapter 6

Energy and States of Matter

Heating and Cooling Curves

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 Heating Curve for Water
120 °C
steam
100 °C water → steam

50°C liquid water

0 °C ice→ liquid
-10 °C ice
Heat added →
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 Learning Check CS1
A. The flat lines on a heating curve represent
1) a temperature change
2) a constant temperature
3) a change of state
B. The sloped lines on a heating curve
represent
1) a temperature change
2) a constant temperature
3) a change of state
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 Solution CS1

A. The flat lines on a heating curve represent

2) a constant temperature
3) a change of state

B. The sloped lines on a heating curve

represent
1) a temperature change

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 Temperature Changes

T(1) beginning temp.1

∆T(1)
T(f) final temp of both
T°C
∆T(2)

T(2) final temp. 2

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 Cooling Curve

Using the heating curve of water as a

guide, draw a cooling curve for water
beginning with steam at 110°C and ending
at -20°C.

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 Learning Check CS2
A. Water condenses at a temperature of
1) 0°C 2) 50°C 3) 100°C
B. At a temperature of 0°C, water
1) freezes 2) melts 3) changes to a gas
C. When a gas condenses, heat is
1) released 2) absorbed
D. Freezing is
1) endothermic 2) exothermic
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 Solution CS2
A. Water condenses at a temperature of
3) 100°C
B. At a temperature of 0°C, water
1) freezes 2) melts
C. When a gas condenses, heat is
1) released
D. Freezing is
2) exothermic
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 Learning Check CS3

Is energy absorbed (1) or released (2) in each of

the following:
____A. Ice to liquid water
____B. Water vapor to rain
____C. Water to ice
When it rains, the air becomes
1) warmer 2) cooler 3) does not change
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 Solution CS3
Is energy absorbed (1) or released (2) in each
of the following:
_1__A. Ice to liquid water
_2__B. Water vapor to rain
_2__C. Water to ice
When it rains, the air becomes
1) warmer
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 Learning Check CS4

Complete using the terms gains or loses

In the cooling coils of a refrigerator, liquid
Freon ___________ heat from the food and
changes to a gas
Food ___________heat and becomes colder
In the back of the refrigerator, Freon
_________ heat and condenses back to a
liquid
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 Solution CS4

Complete using the terms gains or loses

 In the cooling coils of a refrigerator, liquid Freon
absorbs heat from the food and changes to a gas
 Food loses heat and becomes colder

 In the back of the refrigerator, Freon loses heat

and condenses back to a liquid

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 Combining Heat Calculations
To reduce a fever, an infant is packed in 1250 g
of ice. If the ice at 0°C melts and warms to
body temperature (37.0°C) how much heat in
joules is absorbed?

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 Combining Heat Calculations
Step 1: Diagram the change of state

37°C
∆T = 37.0°C - 0°C = 37.0°C
0°C S L

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Step 2: Calculate the heat to melt ice
(fusion)
= 1250 g ice x 334 J
1 g ice
= 418,000 J

Step 3: Calculate the heat to warm the

water from 0°C to 37°C
= 1250 g x 37.0°C x 4.18 J

g °C =
193,000 J LecturePLUS Timberlake 15
Total: Step 2 + Step 3
= 418,000 J + 193,000 J
= 611,000 J

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 Learning Check CS8

A. Why do drops of liquid water form on a

glass of iced tea ?

B. When it snows, the air temperature seems

warmer. How can that be?

C. How much heat is needed to change 1.00 g

of water at 0° to steam at 100°C?
1) 540 cal 2) 640 cal 3) 720 cal
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 Solution CS8

A. Why do drops of liquid water form on a glass

of iced tea?
Condensation of water in the air that cools
B. When it snows, the air temperature seems
warmer. How can that be?
Condensation is exothermic; heat is released.
C. How much heat is needed to change 10.0 g of
water at 0° to steam at 100°C?
2) 640 cal
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