Presentation on transmission media

Submitted to: Mr.amit jaswal

TRANSMISSION MEDIA
It is also known as Network media.It provides the path through which a bit of stream can be transferred from one machine to another. The most comman network media for data communications are Magnetic disks,Twisted pair,Coxial Fibre,Fibre-optic cable and Wireless Links.

Transmission media
1. 2. GUIDED TRANSMISSION MEDIA Twisted pair Coaxial cable Fibre optic UNGUIDED TRANSMISSION MEDIA Wireless transmission

Magnetic media
The magnetic tapes or floppy disks physically transport data from one computer to another. It is most effective and is used for those applications in which high bandwidth is a key factor. This media is not suitable for those networks which are distributed far away from each other.

 A twisted pair is the least expensive and most widely used guided transmission medium.A twisted pair cable consists of two insulated copper wires,typically about 1 mm thick.

Twisted pair

The purpose of twisting the wires is to reduce electrial interfere from similar pairs close by.The wires are twisted together in helical form,like DNA molecule.

Types of Twisted Pair

1. Shielded Twisted pair(STP) 2. Unshielded Twisted pair(UTP)

Shielded Twisted Pair cable(STP)

It includes an insulated cable in which bundled pairs are wrapped in a foil that provides shielding.Due to the presence of shielding crosstalks are reduced.

The transmission rate of upto 500 Mbps can achieved at 100m.Generally it is about 16mbps.

Unshielded Twisted Pair(UTP)

It is set of twisted pair with simple plastic encasement.It is commonly used in Telephone system.It is cheaper than coaxial cable .

CHARACTERSTICS OF UTP: 1. UTP is both cheap and easy to install. 2. They are easily Influenced by EM waves. 3. Limited in distance

COAXIAL CABLE
It is another type of transmission media which is sometimes also called coax because it includes one physical channel that carries the signal surrounded by another concentric physical channel ,both running along the same axis.

Cont.

Coaxial cable consists of a single copper wire in the cetre of the cable,surrounded by an insulating material.This insulator is encased by a wire mesh shield closely woven.outer condutor is covered with a protective plastic sheath.

Advantages of coaxial cable: Confirm to standards. Supports higher bandwidth than twisted pair. Heavier coaxial cable resists rough treatment.

Disadvantage of coaxial cable: Limited in number of connections. Some coaxial cable are expensive,bulky and very heavy.

Fibre optic cable

These are similar to coax,except without wire mesh covering.At the centre is a glass core through which light propogates.This core is surronded by a glass cladding with a lower index of refraction than the core,to keep all the light in core. It is followed by thin plastic jacket to protect the cladding.

Wireless transmission
WiFi Bluethooth Infrared transmission Line of sight Scattered broadcast

Cont
Wireless LANs use high frequency radio signals ,infrared light beams lasers to communicate between workstation & fileservers or hub. Each wireless network has some sort of transreceiver to send and receive data. Wireless network are also beneficial in older building where it may be difficult or possible to install cable.

Wireless transmission includes:

Radio transmission:- As radio signal can travel long distances.The only problem with them is low band width .These are used to talk over long distances. Microwave transmission:- Microwave travel in straight lines so it requires the antennas to be physically aligned & present at the same height.

Infrared transmission: The remote controls used in various devices communicate through this mode.They can travel short distances and dont pass through solid objects.

Lightwave Transmission: The lightwave have high bandwidth and very low cost.They are easier to install.they are normally used in buildings of same height.

Disadvantages of wireless:
They are very expensive. They provide poor security. They are slower than LANs using cabling.