SQL S ERVER 2008 N EW F EATURES

Jeff R. Johnson| Lead SQL Architect jjohnson@capaxglobal.com| 973-401-0660

AGENDA

SECURITY AND DATA AUDITING AVAILABILITY AND RELIABILITY

4 8

PERFORMANCE
MANAGEMENT

10
13

NEW DATA TYPES

DEVELOPMENT ENHANCEMENTS SERVICE BROKER DATA STORAGE

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15 20 21

AGENDA

DATA WAREHOUSING/ETL REPORTING

27 31

DEPRECATION Q&A

32 33

SECURITY AND DATA AUDITING

TRANSPARENT DATA ENCRYPTION

Encryption of data on the disk while it remains transparent to the application requesting the data. Steps 1. Create a Master Key 2. Create or obtain a certificate protected by the master key 3. Create a database encryption key and protect it by the certificate 4. Set the database to use encryption

Capax | Global | NY Metro HQ | 10 Sylvan Way | Parsippany, NJ 07045 | 973-401-0660

SECURITY AND DATA AUDITING

TRANSPARENT DATA ENCRYPTION

Use master go Create Master Key Encryption by Password = mssqlR0cks Go Create Certificate TDECert With Subject = TDE Certificate Go Create Database TDESample Go Use TDESample Go Create Database Encryption Key With Algorithm = AES_256 Encryption by Server Certificate TDECert Go Alter database TDESample Set Encryption On Go

Capax | Global | NY Metro HQ | 10 Sylvan Way | Parsippany, NJ 07045 | 973-401-0660

SECURITY AND DATA AUDITING

EXTENSIBLE KEY MANAGEMENT

Features
Support for Hardware Security Modules (HSM) HSM devices store encryption keys in hardware or software modules More secure because encryption keys do not reside with the data Higher performance for hardware-based encryption/decryption Additional authorization check Secure encryption key disposal Easier retention and retrieval

Turn on EKM
Sp_configure show advanced,1 Go Reconfigure Go Sp_configure EKM provider enabled,1 Go Reconfigure go

Capax | Global | NY Metro HQ | 10 Sylvan Way | Parsippany, NJ 07045 | 973-401-0660

SECURITY AND DATA AUDITING

AUDITING
Server Audits Audit events that happen at the server level (Login, Logout, Groups, etc.)
CREATE SERVER AUDIT [LoginAudit] TO APPLICATION_LOG WITH ( QUEUE_DELAY = 1000 ,ON_FAILURE = CONTINUE ) GO CREATE SERVER AUDIT SPECIFICATION [TestServerAudit] FOR SERVER AUDIT [LoginAudit] ADD (SUCCESSFUL_LOGIN_GROUP) WITH (STATE = ON) GO

Database Audits Audit events that happen at the database level (Schema, Ownership, Data, etc.)
CREATE DATABASE AUDIT SPECIFICATION [SchemaAudit] FOR SERVER AUDIT [SchemaAudit] ADD (SCHEMA_OBJECT_CHANGE_GROUP) WITH (STATE = On) GO

Capax | Global | NY Metro HQ | 10 Sylvan Way | Parsippany, NJ 07045 | 973-401-0660

AVAILABILITY AND RELIABILITY

HOT SWAP CPUS

Adds the ability to add CPUs on the fly while the machine is up and running

Automatically recognizes additional CPU and starts using it

Capax | Global | NY Metro HQ | 10 Sylvan Way | Parsippany, NJ 07045 | 973-401-0660

AVAILABILITY AND RELIABILITY

DATABASE MIRRORING

Compressed log steam to minimize network bandwidth Automatic page repair for both principal and mirror

New DMVs (Dynamic Management Views)

Additional mirroring performance counters

Capax | Global | NY Metro HQ | 10 Sylvan Way | Parsippany, NJ 07045 | 973-401-0660

PERFORMANCE

BACKUP COMPRESSION
Setup Server Wide

Exec sp_configure backup compression default,1 Reconfigure with override

Database Backup Syntax BACKUP DATABASE AdventureWorks To Disk = c:\SQLData\AdventureWorks_Compressed.bak With COMPRESSION, INIT

Capax | Global | NY Metro HQ | 10 Sylvan Way | Parsippany, NJ 07045 | 973-401-0660

PERFORMANCE

PERFORMANCE DATA COLLECTION

New tool in Management Studio Collects data about SQL Server 2008 in collection sets Stores data collected in a database Allows you to define what are in those sets Counters can be from DMVs, SQL Traces, Application Data Extensible Comes with 3 collection sets
1. Disk Usage 2. Query Statistics 3. Server Activity

Capax | Global | NY Metro HQ | 10 Sylvan Way | Parsippany, NJ 07045 | 973-401-0660

PERFORMANCE

RESOURCE GOVERNOR
Limit the amount of CPU by percent Limit the amount of Memory by percent Applied by a workload group Workload group is defined by a custom classifier function
CREATE RESOURCE POOL [TestResourcePool] WITH(min_cpu_percent=0, max_cpu_percent=5, min_memory_percent=0, max_memory_percent=5) GO CREATE WORKLOAD GROUP [TestWorkloadGroup] WITH (importance=Medium) USING [TestResourcePool] GO Create Function TestResourcePoolMember() Returns Sysname with schemabinding as Begin Declare @name as SysName = 'default' if (suser_name() <> 'sa') Set @name = 'TestWorkloadGroup' Return @name End Go Alter Resource Governor with (Classifier_Function = dbo.TestResourcePoolMember)

Capax | Global | NY Metro HQ | 10 Sylvan Way | Parsippany, NJ 07045 | 973-401-0660

MANAGEMENT

POLICY-BASED MANAGEMENT
Policy management is done inside SQL Server Manager Studio Create policies Export Policies to XML files Evaluate group of Servers for an exported policy Install policies on each server or group of servers Easier to administer and support multiple servers Policy consists of 4 items
1. 2. 3. 4. Target database, table, index, etc Facet predefined set of properties that can be managed Condition expression on a facet that evaluates to true or false Policy a condition to be checked and/or enforced

Capax | Global | NY Metro HQ | 10 Sylvan Way | Parsippany, NJ 07045 | 973-401-0660

NEW DATA TYPES

DATA TYPES

Date Time2(7) - Millisecond up to 7 digits DateTimeOffset(7) DateTime2 with Offset for TimeZone Geometry Geography HierarchyID Time(7) Time only up to 7 digit milliseconds Date Date Only

Capax | Global | NY Metro HQ | 10 Sylvan Way | Parsippany, NJ 07045 | 973-401-0660

DEVELOPMENT ENHANCEMENTS

QUERIES

LINQ was introduced with Visual Studio 2008 SQL 2008 ships with a LINQ to SQL Provider which allows LINQ commands directly against SQL Server ADO.NET Entity framework allows developers to create database queries using entities.

DEVELOPMENT ENHANCEMENTS

Capax | Global | NY Metro HQ | 10 Sylvan Way | Parsippany, NJ 07045 | 973-401-0660

DEVELOPMENT ENHANCEMENTS

SQL SERVER CHANGE TRACKING

Change Data Capture
Provides historical information for a user table by capturing both the fact that DML changes were made and the actual data what was changed.. Changes are captured by using an asynchronous process that reads the transaction log and has a low impact on the system.
Enabling Exec sys.sp_cdc_enable_db_change_data_capture Go Exec sys.sp_cdc_enable_table_change_data_capture @source_schema = dbo, @source_name = TestTable, @Role_Name = null

Results New tables cdc.captured_columns Information about the captured columns being tracked. cdc.changed_tables Tables being tracked. cdc.ddl_history Changes to the tracked table. cdc.index_columns Tracked index columns. cdc.lsn_time_mapping Tracks when a transaction starts and end cdc.dbo_[TableName]_ct. The actual changed data

Change Tracking Captures the fact that rows where changed but doesnt capture what was changed.

Capax | Global | NY Metro HQ | 10 Sylvan Way | Parsippany, NJ 07045 | 973-401-0660

DEVELOPMENT ENHANCEMENTS

TABLE VALUE PARAMETERS

Ability to declare table types and pass as variables

Sample
Create type KeyList as TABLE (RowKey int) GO Declare spGetRows (@KeyList KeyList) Begin Select * From Employees = K.RowKey End Go Declare @Rows KeyList Insert into @Rows Values(1) Insert into @Rows Values(2) Exec spGetRows (@Rows) GO

Capax | Global | NY Metro HQ | 10 Sylvan Way | Parsippany, NJ 07045 | 973-401-0660

DEVELOPMENT ENHANCEMENTS

LARGE UDTS
UDT User Defined Datatype Introduced in SQL 2005 had 8k limit SQL 2008 has varbinary(max) limit ~ 2GB

Capax | Global | NY Metro HQ | 10 Sylvan Way | Parsippany, NJ 07045 | 973-401-0660

DEVELOPMENT ENHANCEMENTS

XML ENHANCEMENTS
Datetime, date, and time validation including timezone information in schema collections Better support for union and list types Support for LAX validation (anytype and anyattribute validation) Modify method now allows DML Adds let clause in XQuery

Capax | Global | NY Metro HQ | 10 Sylvan Way | Parsippany, NJ 07045 | 973-401-0660

SERVICE BROKER

CONVERSATION PRIORITY
Now assign a priority to Service Broker conversations
CREATE BROKER PRIORITY ConversationPriorityName FOR CONVERSATION [ SET ( [ CONTRACT_NAME = {ContractName | ANY } ] [ [ , ] LOCAL_SERVICE_NAME = {LocalServiceName | ANY } ] [ [ , ] REMOTE_SERVICE_NAME = {'RemoteServiceName' | ANY } ] [ [ , ] PRIORITY_LEVEL = {PriorityValue | DEFAULT } ] ) ]

Capax | Global | NY Metro HQ | 10 Sylvan Way | Parsippany, NJ 07045 | 973-401-0660

DATA STORAGE

DATA COMPRESSION
Row Compression
Minimizes the metadata (Column Info, Length, Offsets, etc) associated with each record Numeric data types and fixed length strings are stored in variable-length storage format like varchar.

Sample
Create Table MyTable ( Id int identity Primary Key, Name char(100), Email char(100)) With (Data_Compression = Row)
Alter table MyTable Rebuilt With (Data_Compression = Row, MaxDop = 2)

Capax | Global | NY Metro HQ | 10 Sylvan Way | Parsippany, NJ 07045 | 973-401-0660

DATA STORAGE

DATA COMPRESSION
Page Compression
Uses Row Compression Prefix Compression For every column in a page prefixes are identified. Prefixes are saved in compression information headers which reside after page header. Reference number refers to prefix. Dictionary Compression Searches for duplicate values in a page and stores them in the compression information header. Prefix is only one column and dictionary is complete page.

Sample
Create Table MyTable ( Id int identity Primary Key, Name char(100), Email char(100)) With (Data_Compression = Page) Alter table MyTable Rebuilt With (Data_Compression = Page, MaxDop = 2)

Capax | Global | NY Metro HQ | 10 Sylvan Way | Parsippany, NJ 07045 | 973-401-0660

DATA STORAGE

FILE STREAM
Ability to store objects in the file system but still be managed by SQL Server
Store and retrieve BLOBs together with relational data in a single data store. Included in backup and restore operations Inserting, updating, deleting BLOBs and relational data occur in same database transaction 2GB limit of varchar(max) doesnt apply SQL Server buffer pool (memory) is not used BLOB access can be performed from .Net code NTFS file system can save and retrieve data faster than SQL Server

Steps
Configure SQL Server to use Filestream and appropriate level (T-SQL, local system, remote) Create filegroup to database that contains Filestream Add file to database filegroup that contains the Filesteam Add column with Filestream specified in definition

Sample
Exec sp_filestream_configure @Enable_level =3, @share_name = FilesteamShare Go Alter database MyDB Add Filegroup MyFileStreamFG Contains Filestream Go Alter database MyDB add File (name = MyDB_filestream, Filename=c:\db\fs) to filegroup MyFileStreamFG GO Create table TestTable(ID int identity not null, LargeObject VARBINARY(MAX) FILESTEAM NULL) GO

Capax | Global | NY Metro HQ | 10 Sylvan Way | Parsippany, NJ 07045 | 973-401-0660

DATA STORAGE

INTEGRATED FULL TEXT SEARCH

Full Text Search is now integrated into SQL Server 2008 Improvement include:

Performance Indexing and Query Stop Lists stored in the database Thesaurus Improvements DMVs Dm_fts_index_keywords Dm_fts_index_keywords_by_document Dm_fts_parser

Capax | Global | NY Metro HQ | 10 Sylvan Way | Parsippany, NJ 07045 | 973-401-0660

DATA STORAGE

SPARSE COLUMNS
Sparse columns reduce the amount of storage for null values at the sacrifice of more overhead to retrieve non-null values. Best practice is to use when column contains 20 40 percent null values. Sample
Create Table SparseSample ( KeyValue int idenity not null, Name varchar(100) not null, Address1 varchar(100) not null, Address2 varchar(100) sparse not null, City varchar(50) not null, State char(2) not null, PostalCode varchar(10) not null)

Capax | Global | NY Metro HQ | 10 Sylvan Way | Parsippany, NJ 07045 | 973-401-0660

DATA STORAGE

NEW INDEX TYPES

Filtered Index
Optimized Non-clustered index Uses filter to index a portion of a table

Create NonClustered Index MyIndex On TableName.ColumnName(Col1, Col2) Where Col2 is not null

Spatial Index
Used to index geography and geometry value types Index is created on a column

XML Index
Primary XML Index Creates clustered index on XML Column Secondary XML Index Creates index on Path, Value or Property

Capax | Global | NY Metro HQ | 10 Sylvan Way | Parsippany, NJ 07045 | 973-401-0660

DATA WAREHOUSING/ETL

PARTITION TABLE PARALLELISM

Removes the 1 CPU limit on queries against partitioned tables New syntax to switch partitioned tables Sample
Alter table PartitionTable Switch Partition 2 to NonPartitionTable

Capax | Global | NY Metro HQ | 10 Sylvan Way | Parsippany, NJ 07045 | 973-401-0660

DATA WAREHOUSING/ETL

ANALYSIS SERVICES
Star Join Support optimized for better star join query response Better scalability- Can share read-only DBs between several servers New tools for cube design Improved cube backup Can support large databases Excel data-mining add-ins Grouping by sets

Capax | Global | NY Metro HQ | 10 Sylvan Way | Parsippany, NJ 07045 | 973-401-0660

DATA WAREHOUSING/ETL

INTEGRATION SERVICES (SSIS)

Persistent Lookups Improved Thread Scheduling

Capax | Global | NY Metro HQ | 10 Sylvan Way | Parsippany, NJ 07045 | 973-401-0660

DATA WAREHOUSING/ETL

MERGE STATEMENT
Merge statement works as an insert, update, delete statement all at once Works on two sources of data, the source and the target
Merge Main.dbo.TestTable as Target Using (Select Col1, col2 from stage.dbo.TestTable) as Source On Target.TableKey = Source.TableKey When Matched [and condition] Then Update Set Col1 = Source.Col1, Col2 = Source.Col2 When Matched [and condition] Then Delete When Not Matched Then Insert (Col1, Col2) values (Col1, Col2) Output $action, Inserted.TableKey, Deleted.TableKey

Capax | Global | NY Metro HQ | 10 Sylvan Way | Parsippany, NJ 07045 | 973-401-0660

REPORTING

REPORTING SERVICES ENHANCEMENTS

IIS no longer required More charting choices Export report to rich text format Export report to word format Built in forms authentication

Capax | Global | NY Metro HQ | 10 Sylvan Way | Parsippany, NJ 07045 | 973-401-0660

DEPRICATION

DEPRICATION
SQL Server 6.0, 6.5 and 7.0 compatibilty modes removed NOLOG and TRUNCATEONLY on backup command Remote Server support Security Sp_addalias sp_dropalias Sp_addgroup Sp_changegroup Sp_dropgroup Sp_helpgroup SetUser

Capax | Global | NY Metro HQ | 10 Sylvan Way | Parsippany, NJ 07045 | 973-401-0660

Q&A

QUESTION AND ANSWERS

Question and Answers

Capax | Global | NY Metro HQ | 10 Sylvan Way | Parsippany, NJ 07045 | 973-401-0660