ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION

• Environmental pollution is a term that refers to

all the ways that human activity harms the
natural environment. Pollution may be defined
as an undesirable change in the physical,
chemical or biological characteristics of our air,
water and land that may harmfully affect human
life & other species also.
• In the ancient time there was no pollution. With
the increase in population and the knowledge of
utilizing natural resources, the amount of
pollutants has gradually increased.
 TYPES OF POLLUTION
• The chief types of
environmental Types of pollution
pollution include air
pollution, water
pollution, noise
pollution and pollution
caused by solid
waste. Noise pollution
Air pollution Water pollution
 (A). AIR POLLUTION
• : Air pollution is the contamination of the air by
substances such as fuel exhaust and smoke.
• The air that we breathe is not clean . It contains
many impurities like dust, smoke, pollen, harmful
gases like nitrogen dioxide and sulfur dioxide
and particulates (tiny particles of liquid or solid
matter). This exhaust of vehicle contains, carbon
dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide etc.,
which are extremely harmful for men and
animals.
 CAUSES OF AIR POLLUTION
• 1. Smoke emitted by the
powerhouses, factories &
Garbage
automobiles.
Radioactive
• 2. Dust gets raised by elements
Pesticides

strong winds, movement

of vehicles in the air. AIR
POLLUTION
• 3. Cigarette smoking. Crackers
Cigarette
Smoking

• 4. Sneezing & coughing.

Smoke for Auto mobile
burning exhaust
 PREVENTION OF AIR
POLLUTION
• 1. Polluting industries should not be allowed
near cities.
• 2. Factories should have tall chimneys to reduce
the pollution.
• 3. Trees make the air pure, so plantation should
be encouraged.
 (B). WATER POLLUTION
• The contamination of water sources by harmful
wastes, sewage, toxic chemicals, oil etc. is
called water pollution. It can effect surface water
as river, lakes and oceans as well as the water
beneath the earth’s surface called ground water.
 SOURCES OF WATER
POLLUTION
• Causes of water
pollution: Industrial
Waste
• 1. Factories pollute
water by dumping Detergents Pesticides

harmful waste into it. WATER

POLLUTION
• 2. Soaps and Organic Oil heavy
detergents used in Waste metals

washing are also

released into rivers & Silt
Other
Garbage
lakes.
 (C). NOISE POLLUTION
• The presence of loud noise in the air is called
sound or noise pollution.
•
• CAUSES OF NOISE POLLUTION:
• 1. Machines in a factory produce a lot of sound
and cause pollution.
• 2. Vehicles make a lot of noise when they blow
horns.
• 3. Loudspeaker, used in functions and meetings
also cause sound pollution.
 CONSERVATION AND
PROTECTION OF
ENVIRONMENT
• Man has exploited his environment on the pretext of
development. There must exist a balance between the
available resources and the rate of use of these
resources.
• The conservation of environment means the use of
biosphere by man to get the greatest benefit while
maintaining its future without damaging it. Preservation
means the maintaining of nature as it is or might have
been before the intervention of human being. A better
future is still lying ahead provided we can make people
conscious about the environment. The following are
steps which can help in protecting the environment.
 CONSERVATION AND
PROTECTION
• Check on industrial pollution and waste.
• Re-greening of our deforested land on a massive scale.
• Rotation of crops.
• Harvesting of rain water.
• Composting of organic solid waste for manure.
• Proper treatment of sewage.
• Controlled use of fertilizers and pesticides ; use of bio
fertilizers and organic farming should be encouraged.
• Save the water
• National parks and sanctuaries should be established by
the government.
• Environmental education and awareness.