INTERNAL TABLES

~ Madhusudan

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INTERNAL TABLES
These internal tables can be created as a replica of data base table, using some or all fields of one table or more tables.
These internal tables are created only during run time. No memory is reserved.

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Why we need inttables?

Long Life data is stored in database tables. When we are directly modifying data, there is every possibility that we may loose data by accident, which we can not afford to do so. As such we need some intermediate tables to do some operations. Up on satisfactory results, we can modify database table

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Types of internal tables

Basically there are 2 types of Internal tables. Internal tables with header line. Internal tables without header line.

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Internal tables with header line

When you create internal table with header line, a default work area is created.

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Internal table with out header line

In this case, we need to create explicit work area to work with it. When we need to nest the tables with in tables, we need to use this type of internal table.

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Steps in creating internal tables

There are 3 steps involved in creating Internal tables. Declaration of Internal table. Populating Internal table. Processing Internal table.

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Declaration of internal table

Declaring table type

1. Data dictionary

2.

Using TYPES key word

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Using TYPES key word

TYPES: Begin of <Structype>, . End of <Structype>.

First

DATA: <tablename> TYPE <itabkind> OF <Structype>

Second

WITH {UNIQUE|NON-UNIQUE} KEY <keys>] [INITIAL SIZE <n>] [WITH HEADER LINE].

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TABKIND ( TABLE KIND)

1. STANDARD TABLE

2. SORTED TABLE 3. HASHED TABLE 4. INDEX 5. ANY TABLE TABLE

Which TABKIND to choose depends on how you are accessing the Entries in the internal table.
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STANDARD TABLE This table type is most appropriate when you intend to address the table entries using the index. Key access to the standard table uses linear search.

This means that the time required for a search is in linear relation to the number of table entries.
You should use index operations to access standard tables.

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SORTED TABLE Defines the table as one that is always saved correctly sorted. Key access to a sorted table uses a binary key. You can also access sorted tables by index operations.

The time required for a search is in logarithmical relation to the number of table entries.
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HASHED TABLE Defines the table as one that is managed with an internal hash procedure. You can imagine a hashed table as a set, whose elements you can address using their unique key.

Unlike standard and sorted tables, you cannot access hash tables using an index. Access time using the key is constant, regardless of the number of table entries.
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INDEX TABLES

Standard and sorted tables belong to the generic class index tables.

An index table is one that you can access using an index.

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ANY TABLE
The set of permitted operations for a table with type ANY TABLE consists of the intersection of all permitted operations for STANDARD, SORTED and HASHED TABLES, and so is identical to the set of operations permitted for hashed tables.

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LINETYP ( LINE TYPE) The line type of an internal table can be any ABAP data type (including another internal table). Line type gives the columns required for the internal table.

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Key
The key is used to identify lines in the table. There are two possible keys for an internal table 1. The default key 2 User-defined key. You can specify that the key should by UNIQUE or NON-UNIQUE. If the key is unique, the internal table may not contain duplicate entries. The uniqueness of the key depends partly on the table type.
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Populating internal tables

Selecting the fields from the standard table(s) and transferring them to the internal table created. For this we use SELECT STATEMENTS.

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PROCESSING INTERNAL TABLES

Processing of internal table includes: Write Read Insert Modify Delete Collect

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PROCESSING INTERNAL TABLES CONTD

Other operations like.. Clear Refresh Free

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Write
loop at itab < where carried = LH >. Write:/ itab-carrid,itab-connid,itab-fldate. endloop.

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Internal Table
Loop At...

SCREEN Carrid Connid Fldate

AA AA AL DL

0017 0026 0555 1699

10/29/1998
11/26/1998 11/21/1998

11/29/1998

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Read
Read table itab index <index>. OR Read table itab with key carrid = LH connid = 0400.

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Internal Table
Read Table

AA
Carrid

0017
Connid

10/29/1998

Header line

Fldate
10/29/1998
11/26/1998 11/21/1998

AA AA AL DL

0017 0026 0555 1699

Body

11/29/1998

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Insert
itab-carrid = MN. itab-connid = 1111. insert itab index 3.

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Internal Table
Insert table

Header line Carrid Connid Fldate

AA AA AL DL

0017 0026 0555 1699

10/29/1998 11/26/1998 11/21/1998 11/29/1998

Body

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Modify
itab-carrid = NM. itab-connid = 2222. modify itab index 3.

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Internal Table
Modify

Internal Table Header line

10/29/1998

Header line AA 0017 (change)

AA Carrid

0050 Connid

10/29/1998

Carrid Connid

Fldate
10/29/1998

Fldate
10/29/1998
11/26/1998 11/21/1998 11/29/1998

AA AA 0017 0017 AA 0026

AL DL 0555 1699

AA
Modify

0050 0026
0555 1699

11/26/1998 11/21/1998 11/29/1998

AA
AL DL

TABLE: SFLIGHT
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Delete
delete itab index 3. OR delete from itab where carrid = LH.

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Internal Table
Delete

Internal Table Header line

10/29/1998

Header line AA Carrid AA AA AA AL DL 0017 Connid 0017 0017 0026 0555 1699 (delete)

AA

0017

10/29/1998

Fldate
10/29/1998 11/26/1998 11/21/1998 11/29/1998

Carrid Connid Fldate Modify AA AL DL 0026 0555 1699

11/26/1998 11/21/1998 11/29/1998

TABLE: SFLIGHT
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Initializing internal table

clear itab. clear itab [ ]. refresh itab. free itab : clears header of int table. : clears body. : remove contents. : deallocates memory associated with int table.

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Internal Table
Clear - Refresh

CLEAR Carrid AA Connid 0017 0026 0555 1699 Fldate

10/29/1998 11/26/1998 11/21/1998 11/29/1998

Header line

REFRESH

AA AL DL

Body

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Sorting of internal table

sort itab. This command will sort internal table on all non-numeric fileds in ascending order. sort itab by carrid. sort itab by carrid descending.

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Database Table
Sort

Internal Table Header line

Header line

Move
Body Carrid DL AA AL AA Connid 1699 0026 0555 0017 Fldate Append
11/29/1998 11/26/1998 11/21/1998 10/29/1998

Body Carrid Connid AA AA AL DL 0017 0026 0555 1699 Fldate

10/29/1998 11/26/1998 11/21/1998 11/29/1998

TABLE: SFLIGHT
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Collect itab

If non numeric fields are same, then numeric fields will be added by using this command.

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External Table
Collect

Internal Table
Header line

Header line

Carrid AA AA AL DL

Connid Seatsmax 0017 0017 0064 1699 660 280 220 380

Carrid Connid Seatsmax AA AL DL 0017 0064 1699 940 220 380

TABLE: SFLIGHT
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Questions???

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THANKS!
Please complete the feed back form which will be sent across and send it back to Dinesh.Vennu@igate.com.

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KEY CONTACTS:

Presenter : Madhusudan Rao Budati Madhusudan.Budati@igate.com iSU Team Details : Dinesh Vennu Dinesh.Vennu@igate.com Madhusudan Rao Budati Madhusudan.Budati@igate.com

Pradeep Kumar Reddy Pradeep.Teelati@igate.com Aswani Kumar Nune Aswanikumar.Nune@igate.com

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