FACTOR AFFECTING BIOACCUMULATION OF XENOBIOTICS

BY:ANUPAMA.S 7TH SEM BT SJCE MYSORE.

Free Powerpoint Templates Page 1

Bioaccumulation

accumulation of substances
pesticides, organic chemicals

organism.

Xenobiotic chemical organisms produced or expected

Free Powerpoint Templates .

to be present in it.

Page 2

Factors affecting bioconcentration and bioaccumulation

Bioaccumulation depends - bioconcentration, -dietary factors (feeding rate, no & proportions of contaminated foods eaten) -absorbs the chemical from food.

Physical and chemical properties - Solubility in water, fat, molecular weight ease of metabolism.
Environmental conditions - water quality (hardness, dissolved & particulate organic carbon content, pH) Nature of the organism.
Free Powerpoint Templates Page 3

 Factor - toxicant, organism and ecosystem affect the kinetics of bioaccumulation organism contaminated. Accumulation of the kinetic depends - concentration of the toxicant Temperature ,PH , and nutrient load of the environment effect on the accumulation of toxicants.

Example-

Free Powerpoint Templates

Page 4

 Unchanged, lipophilic organic toxicants, environmental factors less effective in regulating uptake and bioaccumulation.

Aquatic conditions increased water temperature facilitates loss of the toxicants from water. Higher temperature levels characteristics & physicochemistry of membrane lipids there by affecting the passive toxicant uptake.

Free Powerpoint Templates

Page 5

The characteristics of the organism (or biota) that influence bioaccumulation Density and diversity of the species Age of the organism. Metabolic state of the organism Growth conditions. Biodegradation enhanced by a biota diverse in species composition. Elimination rate resulting rate of bioaccumulation.
Free Powerpoint Templates Page 6

 Elimination (one or more) sensitive species from the organisms - due to manifestation of toxic effects of the xenobotic substance - does not cause discontinuity in the matter (as well as toxicant) and energy transfer. High density of species is less sensitive to bioaccumulation than low species density. Example:culture of high density inoculum accumulation of dimethoate/individual cell of Synechocystis and Anabaena less than that observed with a low initial inoculum density . Mohapatra et al, 1990 observed - concentration becomes toxic to the planktonic algae and accumulation of the toxicant per cell becomes very high.
Free Powerpoint Templates Page 7

 If initial density of the culture is low (105 cells/ ml) and per cell accumulation is high - due to high level of bioavailability per individual organism. The same level of toxicant become non-toxic and accumulation lies below the threshold level, when the initial inoculum density increased to almost 100 times of the previous one(102 cells/ml).

Toxicants that are accumulated through active membrane transport metabolically active individuals accumulate more amount of toxicants comparatively less active ones.
Free Powerpoint Templates Page 8

 Thus organisms - high body lipid content accumulate more amounts of lipophilic toxicants organisms with low body lipid content Lipid rich zones of the body are preferred as an accumulation zone by such toxicants. The accumulation is high in the liver and brain, than in any other parts of the body.

Free Powerpoint Templates

Page 9

Reference: Mohapatra P.K,(2006).Textbook of Environmental BiotechnologyI.K.International Publishing House Pvt.Ltd.pp 90-92. http://WWW.eurochlor.org/upload/documents/docu ment52.pdf.

Free Powerpoint Templates

Page 10

Thank you

Free Powerpoint Templates

Page 11