Ethiopian Academy of Sciences: Engineering and Technology Working Group

Historical Development of Engineering and Technology Education in Ethiopia

Engineer Asrat Bulbula Oct 08, 2011

INTRODUCTION
Traditional Education Monopoly of Religious Institutions Manifesting Unchallengability, Obedience , Humbling creative and critical faculties The Topic presupposes the existence of structured , curriculum based modern educational system for hundreds of years (European-like). The Historical fact is that Ethiopian Education is Dominated by Church and Quranic Teachings Time Frames (????)
Historical Development of Engineering and Technology Education in Ethiopia

Eras Considered
Pre-1941 1941-1974 1974-1991 Post 1991

Historical Development of Engineering and Technology Education in Ethiopia

PRE-1941
The History of Education in Ethiopia a debatable issue : Short Vs Long History Long History Advocates Compare and contrast Church education since the 6th Century to that of Western education through Tertiary level ( Teshome Wagaw ) Over 15000 Church schools until the early 20th century ( R. Pankhurst) The 1st Modern SchoolEcole Imperial Menelik II , 1908

Historical Development of Engineering and Technology Education in Ethiopia

Engineering and Technology Education

King Yeshaq (1413-1430) : Established a workshop around the palace for jewellers, mainly royal jewellers (Merid) Emperor Tewdros : Established a technical school (?) at Gafat near Debre Tabor (Amare) Teferi Mekonen School maths , science ,drawing established in 1927 ..teaching

Lycee Haile Sellase ..1930 others

, civil engineering

among

A school of radio and telegraphy in 1933

Historical Development of Engineering and Technology Education in Ethiopia

Engineering and technology manifested in the society

Agricultural Tools Industrial Technology (Cottage): leather, textiles, food & beverages, pottery, printing, construction, metal works, Traditional medicine

Historical Development of Engineering and Technology Education in Ethiopia

1941-1974
UCAA : Established in 1950 HSIU (1961): UCAA + Alemaya + Gondar PHC + Building college + Holy Trinity + The Imperial College of Engineering

Historical Development of Engineering and Technology Education in Ethiopia

Engineering and Technology Education

The Ethio-Swedish Building Technology The College Of Agricultural and Mechanical Arts The Bahir Dar Technical School .Polytechnic Addis Ababa Technical School ( ? ) Asmara Vocational School Addis Ababa Handicraft School Agricultural Secondary Schools in Ambo & Jimma Training Institute of the Board of Telecommunication There were 43 junior & senior Comprehensive schools by 1972
Historical Development of Engineering and Technology Education in Ethiopia

1974-1991
Commission for Higher Education was established in 1977 Alemaya was given an independent ( from AAU) University Status A Post Graduate Program was Established in 1978 A 10-Year Perspective Plan was adopted (1984/85-1994/95)
Historical Development of Engineering and Technology Education in Ethiopia

Engineering and Technology Education

Almost Static Higher Education Some Comprehensive high schools (17) into consolidated technical and vocational high schools ( Dr. Wana )

Historical Development of Engineering and Technology Education in Ethiopia

Engineering and Technology Manifested

Industries through bilateral agreements:mainly X-Soviet Block Any existing & potential severely curtailed private initiative

Historical Development of Engineering and Technology Education in Ethiopia

Post-1991
Education & Training Policy in 1994 Significant Higher Education Growth

Currently over 30 Public Universities

Over 50 Private HEI Enrolment grew from 10s of thousands to 100s of thousands
Historical Development of Engineering and Technology Education in Ethiopia

Engineering & Technology Education

70/30 Ratio of College Entrants Ecbp TVET
Historical Development of Engineering and Technology Education in Ethiopia

Engineering and Technology Manifested

IP Proclamation University Reform TVET Reform Quality Infrastructure Private Sector Development
Historical Development of Engineering and Technology Education in Ethiopia

Further Study Areas

Indigenous Knowledge & Traditional Technologies
Time Frames and Intervention Points for Educational Reforms

Historical Development of Engineering and Technology Education in Ethiopia

Thank you very much.

Historical Development of Engineering and Technology Education in Ethiopia