Department of Technical Education

Andhra Pradesh
Name of the faculty : KP Pratap
Designation : Lecturer
Branch : ECE
Institution : GMR Polytechnic Gajwel Medak (dt)
Year/semester : 1st year
Subject : Electronic components and devices

Subject code : EC-105

Topic : Capacitors
Duration : 50 minutes
Subject topic : Capacitors specifications and their
importance
Teaching Aids : PPTEC105.24 1
 Objectives

• Upon completion of this topic you will be able to

know
• The specification of capacitors and its Importance .

EC105.24 2
 RECAP

• We discussed in previous class about:

.various types of capacitors

EC105.24 3
Specifications of capacitors
• Different specifications of capacitors are

a) capacitance

b) Dielectric constant

c) Dielectric strength

d) Tolerance

e) Working voltage (or) voltage rating

f) Dissipation factor

g) Power factor
EC105.24 4
Specifications of capacitors (Contd)

h) Equivalent series resistance

I) Leakage resistance

j) Insulation resistance

k) Temperature coefficient

l) Voltage coefficient

m) stability

EC105.24 5
Capacitance

• Capacitance is expressed in farads (or) in micro farads.

• The value of capacitance depends.

a) On the area of the conducting plates.

b) Thickness of dielectric material.

c) and its permittivity.

• The frequency of operation depends on dielectric type used.

EC105.24 6
Dielectric constant

• Dielectric constant indicates the ability of insulator to

concentrate electric flux.

EC105.24 7
Dielectric strength

• Dielectric strength is ability of dielectric to with stand to a

potential difference with out breaking the dielectric (or)

• It is maximum voltage up to which that a capacitors

dielectric works with out breaking.

EC105.24 8
Tolerance

• Tolerance is the variation of capacitance value from its

original value.

• It is indicated in percentage.

EC105.24 9
WORKING VOLTAGE

• Working voltage is the maximum voltage up to which

capacitor can operate with out fail.

• It is usually rated in dc value.

• Working voltage decreases with rise in frequency of

operation.

• Working voltage mainly depends on dielectric material

used in capacitor.

EC105.24 10
Dissipation factor
• This is a measure of losses in dielectric of capacitor.

• Dissipation factor =tanα

Where α is dielectric loss angle

Where dielectric loss angle depends on

a) Nature of dielectric material.
b) Frequency of operation.
c) Temperature at which capacitor is used .
d) Voltage applied to capacitor.

EC105.24 11
Power factor

• Power factor indicates the quality of a capacitor in terms

of minimum losses.

• PF=cosα

EC105.24 12
Equivalent series resistance

• This parameter indicates the losses inside the capacitor

EC105.24 13
Leakage resistance

• A certain amount of current flows through capacitors

dielectric material is called Leakage resistance.

EC105.24 14
Insulation resistance

• It is the resistance measured across the terminals of the

capacitor at specified voltage and temperature.

• It is expressed in mega ohms.

EC105.24 15
Temperature co-efficient

• This parameter indicates the change in capacitance

value due to change in temperature.

• Units are ppm/°C

• (ppm means parts per million)

EC105.24 16
Voltage co-efficient

• This parameter indicates the change in capacitance

value due to change in voltage.

• Units are ppm/v

EC105.24 17
Summary

We have discussed about

• Know the specification of capacitors.

• Know their importance.

EC105.24 18
Quiz

• Dielectric constant indicated the ability of insulator to

concentrate

c) Electric flux

e) Voltage

g) Current

i) Power

EC105.24 19
2. Dielectric strength is the ability of dielectric to with
stand

d) Maximum voltage

f) Maximum load

h) Maximum power

j) All of the above

EC105.24 20
Frequently asked Questions

1. Write about specification of a capacitor.

4. Define dielectric strength and dielectric constant of a

capacitor.

EC105.24 21
 Assignment questions

1. Write short notes on specifications of capacitor

EC105.24 22